Barriers to Removing Barriers of Online Learning

2023 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 1

Authors: Gunawardena, Maya; Dhanapala, Kusumi

Abstract: In response to the turmoil and anxiety created by the COVID-19 pandemic, many u ... Expand

Abstract: In response to the turmoil and anxiety created by the COVID-19 pandemic, many universities transitioned to online delivery with limited support and resources. University teachers adapted to the online environment to ensure the effectiveness of students' reaching their outcomes. Using the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) as a framework, this study analysed ethnographic data from two experienced university teacher narratives about their online teaching strategies in two different university settings, in a developed and a developing country. The results showed that teachers used similar strategies based on the affordances provided within the Learning Management Systems (LMS) and by accessing other existing technological tools. However, the results showed inequalities in students' participation due to their financial, economic, and socio-cultural backgrounds. This paper emphasises the need to investigate personalised and inclusive learning for consolidating and accommodating social and geographical barriers to minimise inequalities in students' access to education. Students should not be deprived by the digital and technical divide limiting equal opportunities for learning and development in the so-called 'global village' in the 21 st century and beyond.Maya Gunawardena is currently an assistant professor in teacher education at the faculty of Education, University of Canberra, and she formerly worked as a lecturer and a research fellow at UNSW. She is interested in empowering teachers with the knowledge of ecologies and epistemologies of learning sciences. Her research includes topics such as personalised learning, teacher beliefs and application of their pedagogical content knowledge, learning materials design, scaffolding students' critical thinking, and practice of evidence-based learning. She has extensive experience in teaching in K-12 classrooms and tertiary institutes in Australia and Sri Lanka.Kusumi Vasantha Dhanapala is a professor in English Language Education at the Department of Languages, Sri Palee Campus of the University of Colombo, Sri Lanka. She has published in the fields of applied linguistics, blended learning, reading comprehension, English language education, motivation and learning, , and adopting technology in language education. She has a wide range of experience in teaching and education research in a diverse context such as Japan, Sri Lanka, and Cambodia. She worked as a post-doctoral research fellow in Japan for two years, engaging in research on teaching reading skills for tertiary learners. Her current research project is on modelling motivation in blended learning environments. Collapse

Topics: online learning system digital literacy laptop computer internet technology affordance

Methods: survey action research

The Interplay Between Communitas and Anti-structure in Liminal Innovation

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Gundersen, Ragnhild; Nicholson, Brian; Sæbø, Johan; Nielsen, Petter

Abstract: This paper contributes to the nascent debate in the information systems (IS) fi ... Expand

Abstract: This paper contributes to the nascent debate in the information systems (IS) field on liminal innovation by focusing on how tensions can be resolved during crisis. Liminal innovation is used by scholars to describe iterative processes of experimentation and implementation of IS during crisis. We draw on the concepts of communitas and anti-structure from the literature on liminality to analyse a longitudinal case study of digitalization of contact tracing in Norway during the COVID-19 pandemic and show how they mutually reinforce each other to create a sense of togetherness and urgency. We identify four resolutions to tensions emerging from this interplay: egalitarianism, autonomy, disobedience, and silo breaking. These manifestations of anti-structure and communitas allowed rapid and responsive innovation during a period of intense organizational and psychological stress, and thus contributed to positive performative outcomes by implementing a digital contact tracing system. Collapse

Topics: innovation management pandemic video conference decision making organization structure

Methods: qualitative interview longitudinal research focus group longitudinal case study case study

Beyond Dashboards? Designing Data Stories for Effective Use in Business Intelligence and Analytics

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Gunklach, Jonas; Jacob, Katharina; Michalczyk, Sven

Abstract: With the proliferation of Business Intelligence and Analytics, data storytellin ... Expand

Abstract: With the proliferation of Business Intelligence and Analytics, data storytelling has gained increasing importance to improve communicating analytical insights to business users and support decision-making. While conceptual research on data storytelling suggests that these techniques can help improve decisionmaking, there is a lack of prescriptive knowledge on how to design data stories in Business Intelligence and Analytics. Moreover, it is not understood how data stories can facilitate effective use and support decision-making of business users. To address this challenge, we conduct a Design Science Research (DSR) project. Drawing on the theory of effective use and data storytelling techniques, we propose three design principles that we instantiate in a prototype. The results of two focus groups indicate that enhancing dashboards with data storytelling techniques increases transparent interaction and representational fidelity. Our DSR project contributes novel design knowledge for data stories that facilitate effective use. Collapse

Topics: digital dashboard data visualization analytical information system database system decision making

Methods: literature study focus group qualitative interview literature sample design principle

Theories: theory of effective use

Spillover Effects of Airdrops: Evidence from Tokenization Platforms

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Guo, Dezhen; Wang, Lizheng; li, yongjun

Abstract: The emergence of tokenization platforms based on blockchain technology has led ... Expand

Abstract: The emergence of tokenization platforms based on blockchain technology has led to the use of free airdrop to replace traditional expensive financial incentives to enhance user engagement. However, critics argue that such incentives may devalue tokens and prompt nonrecipients to panic sell. To investigate the impact of airdrops, we conducted a quasiexperiment on Axie Infinity. Our findings indicate that airdrops significantly enhance engagement among both recipients and nonrecipients. Mechanism analysis shows that cross group spillover effects stems from expectation of another airdrop program and increased market liquidity. While recipients tend to immediately sell tokens and often sell more tokens than received, we did not find evidence of nonrecipients panic selling tokens. Furthermore, we investigated the heterogeneous effects of airdrops. Our work contributes to the ongoing debate of the effectiveness of airdrops and provide insights into the study of tokenization platforms. Collapse

Topics: user behavior cryptocurrency social influence application programming interface blockchain

Methods: experimental group difference in differences longitudinal research statistical hypothesis test regression analysis method

Complementarity Between Investment in Information Technology (IT) and IT Human Resources: Implications for Different Types of Firm Innovation

2023 | Information Systems Research | Citations: 0

Authors: Guo, Feng; Li, Yijun; Maruping, Likoebe M.; Masli, Adi

Abstract: It is well acknowledged in the information systems (IS) literature that informat ... Expand

Abstract: It is well acknowledged in the information systems (IS) literature that information technology (IT) plays an important role in firm innovation. A small but growing body of empirical evidence points to the importance of IT employees as an important complementary resource, particularly for IT-related innovation. However, there is an open question as to whether investment in such resources is complementary across a range of innovation types. This research note aims to provide theoretical and empirical clarity by emphasizing the complementary nature of firm investment in IT and in IT human resources (HR) in affecting firm innovation performance across four types of innovation: incremental, radical, non-IT related and IT related. Drawing on the theory of complementarities and theorizing about the operand and operant nature of resources, we argue that firm investment in IT HR enables firms to gain additional innovation value from their IT investments and vice versa. Using a sample involving 36,812 firm-year observations, we find that firms with robust investments in IT and in IT human resources produce more patents with greater value. Furthermore, we find that such firms produce more patents that emphasize new knowledge and those that build on existing knowledge. Finally, we find that this complementarity promotes IT-related and non–IT-related innovation. A series of analyses demonstrate the robustness of these results. We discuss implications for theory and practice. History: Yulin Fang, Senior Editor; Monideepa Tarafdar, Associate Editor. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2022.1185. Collapse

Topics: innovation management IT investment IT workforce research and development information technology capability

Methods: theory development robustness check longitudinal research survey sensitivity analysis

Theories: economic theory of complementarity

Overuse of Social Media Influence Process Performance

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Guo, Keyong

Abstract: Overuse and even addiction of social media has gradually evolved to problematic ... Expand

Abstract: Overuse and even addiction of social media has gradually evolved to problematic issue, especially most of the employees in working hours.However, a little research has been done regarding overuse and addiction of social media could distract energy and occupy too much time that should be otherwise used to study work related knowledge, such as digital key technologies and domain knowledge. Excessive use also leads to coordination and cooperation issue, which decrease team/process performance.The study shall adopt case study method to explore in-depth causes of overuse of social media and its potential hazardous effects to regular operations of organizations, especially in a medium sized typical manufactory scenario. A potential solution for top management in organization would be extremely important, especially in the manufacturing sector of the No. 2 Economy of the world. Collapse

Topics: social media IT skill productivity

Methods: qualitative interview archival research case study

Theories: dynamic capabilities theory

Social Determinants of Health and ER Utilization: Role of Information Integration during COVID-19

2023 | ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Guo, Tianjian; Bardhan, Indranil; Khurshid, Anjum

Abstract: Emergency room (ER) admissions are the front door for the utilization of a commu ... Expand

Abstract: Emergency room (ER) admissions are the front door for the utilization of a community's health resources and serve as a valuable proxy for a community health system's capacity. While recent research suggests that social determinants of health (SDOH) are important predictors of patient health outcomes, their impact on ER utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic is not well understood. Further, the role of hospital information integration in moderating the impact of SDOH on ER utilization has not received adequate attention. Utilizing longitudinal claims data from a regional health information exchange spanning 6 years including the COVID-19 period, we study how SDOH affects ER utilization and whether effective integration of patient health information across hospitals can moderate its impact. Our results suggest that a patient's economic well-being significantly reduces future ER utilization. The magnitude of this relationship is significant when patients are treated at hospitals with high information integration but is weaker when patients receive care at hospitals with lower levels of information integration. Instead, patients' family and social support can reduce ER utilization when they are treated at hospitals with low information integration. In other words, different dimensions of SDOH are important in low versus high information integration conditions. Furthermore, predictive modeling shows that patient visit type and prior visit history can significantly improve the predictive accuracy of ER utilization. Our research implications support efforts to develop national standards for the collection and sharing of SDOH data and their use and interpretation for clinical decision making by healthcare providers and policy makers. Collapse

Topics: healthcare data pandemic information exchange accounting health information system

Methods: experimental group machine learning XGBoost longitudinal research econometric modeling

Preventive Care Now or Pay Later? A Personalized Medicine Approach for Healthcare Management

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Guo, Tianjian; Bardhan, Indranil; Wen, Wen

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse

Topics: health information system mobile system information exchange Python price management

Methods: simulation reinforcement learning Markov decision process PyTorch deep learning

Green Data Analytics of Supercomputing from Massive Sensor Networks: Does Workload Distribution Matter?

2023 | Information Systems Research | Citations: 0

Authors: Guo, Zhiling; Li, Jin; Ramesh, Ram

Abstract: Energy costs represent a significant share of the total cost of ownership in hig ... Expand

Abstract: Energy costs represent a significant share of the total cost of ownership in high-performance computing (HPC) systems. Using a unique data set collected by massive sensor networks in a petascale national supercomputing center, we first present an explanatory model to identify key factors that affect energy consumption in supercomputing. Our analytic results show that, not only does computing node utilization significantly affect energy consumption, workload distribution among the nodes also has significant effects and could effectively be leveraged to improve energy efficiency. Next, we establish the high model performance using in-sample and out-of-sample analyses. We then develop prescriptive models for energy-optimal runtime workload management and extend the models to consider energy consumption and job performance tradeoffs. Specifically, we present four dynamic resource management methodologies (packing, load balancing, threshold-based switching, and energy optimization), model their application at two levels (purely within-rack and jointly cross-rack resource allocation), and explore runtime resource redistribution policies for jobs under the emergent principle of computational steering and comparatively evaluate strategies that use computational steering with those that do not. Our experimental studies show that packing is preferred when the total workload of a rack is higher than a threshold and load balancing is preferred when it is lower. These results lead to a threshold strategy that yields near-optimal energy efficiency under all workload conditions. We further calibrate the energy-optimal resource allocations over the full range of workloads and present a bicriteria evaluation to consider energy consumption and job performance tradeoffs. We demonstrate significant energy savings of our proposed strategies under various workload conditions. We conclude with implementation guidelines and policy insights into energy-efficient computing resource management in large supercomputing data centers. History: Olivia Liu Sheng, Senior Editor; Xiaobai Li, Associate Editor. Funding: The authors thank the National Supercomputing Center of Singapore for enabling and supporting this research. J. Li received support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 71901169, 72032006, and T2293774]. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2023.1208. Collapse

Topics: data center high-performance computing task productivity resource allocation analytical information system

Methods: optimization model experiment simulation descriptive statistic longitudinal research

Catching the Fast Payments Trend: Optimal Designs and Leadership Strategies of Retail Payment and Settlement Systems

2023 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 0

Authors: Guo, Zhiling; Ma, Dan

Abstract: Recent financial technologies have enabled fast payments and are reshaping reta ... Expand

Abstract: Recent financial technologies have enabled fast payments and are reshaping retail payment and settlement systems globally. We developed an analytical model to study the optimal design of a new retail payment system in terms of settlement speed and system capability under both bank and fintech firm heterogeneous participation incentives. We found that three types of payment systems emerge as equilibrium outcomes: batch retail (BR), expedited retail (ER), and real-time retail (RR) payment systems. Although the base value of the payment service positively affects both settlement speed and system capability, the expected liquidity cost negatively impacts settlement speed, and total transaction volume and technological effectiveness positively impact system capability. We identified three leadership strategies to maximize social welfare: the government mandate (GM) strategy, the fintech-inclusive (FI) strategy, and the fintech-exclusive and bank-exclusive (FE+BE) strategy. When the base value of the payment service is either low or high, the GM strategy leads to a socially optimal unified system. When the base value of the payment service is in the intermediate range, and if fintech firms have a significant technological advantage over banks, then both GM and FI strategies result in a socially optimal unified system; otherwise, the FE+BE strategy results in a socially optimal fragmented system. Further, we proposed a Shapley-value-based cost-sharing rule under the GM strategy to fairly allocate social welfare among the system participants. Our findings offer important policy insights into the optimal system designs, leadership strategies, and the government regulator's role in shaping future innovations in the payments industry. Collapse

Topics: electronic finance systems design electronic payment economic surplus IS economics

Methods: optimization model mathematical model sensitivity analysis literature study machine learning