Introduction to the Minitrack on Personal and Population Health Technologies in Disease Surveillance

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Goldfine, Charlotte; Chai, Peter R.; Lai, Jeffrey; Carreiro, Stephanie

Abstract: Recent advances in wearable, implantable and ingestible technologies permit unp ... Expand

Abstract: Recent advances in wearable, implantable and ingestible technologies permit unprecedented assessments of various aspects of health and wellness. The ubiquity of smartphones, smart watches and fitness tracking tools has provided vast amounts of digital physiologic and behavioral data. These "phenotypes" of health -prosody of smartphone use, biometric data surrounding health events, geolocation and ambient environment conditions -provide an opportunity for social scientists, engineers and clinicians to advance health interventions antecedent to exacerbations of disease. For example, phenotypes of smartphone use have been correlated with changes in mental health and pain, ingestible sensors measure real-time changes and contexts of medication adherence in various diseases, and biometric data may predict different states of health conditions prior to their clinically apparent manifestation.The COVID-19 pandemic continues to spur increasing acceptance of digital biomarkers and personal technologies as health management tools. Additionally, technologies that leverage public health infrastructure such as wastewater-based epidemiology and crowdsourced street maps provide novel insights into the effects of disease in communities at the population health level.The goal of this minitrack is to facilitate multidisciplinary collaboration and exploration of various facets of health technologies and their ability to surveil and predict disease. Last year's minitrack explored the design and implementation challenges as innovative technologies were deployed in clinical settings: virtual windows to enhance the patient experience in the emergency department, wearable sensors to detect alcohol consumption, agent-based modeling to evaluate the cost-savings of poison control centers, and the use of noise-cancelling earbuds to improve sleep quality for healthcare shift workers.This year's minitrack features four papers that explore innovative technological applications to improve the treatment and detection of disease states.In our first paper, the authors present a novel augmented reality (AR) training for two emergency medical procedures (bag-valve-mask ventilation and needle decompression of pneumothorax), demonstrating no difference between AR and standard video training in usability and usefulness scores or expert rating of the technique. Our second paper details the development of a novel asynchronous learning module for medical toxicology education that can uniquely be delivered via text-messaging, an intervention that emergency medicine residents and physician assistants at various stages of training find to be easy-to-use and of high educational value. The third paper presents formative qualitative work toward the development of a gamified app to help individuals in Vietnam maintain adherence to antituberculosis therapy. Our fourth paper examines the use of a wearable sensor system to detect stress and craving in individuals with substance use disorder. Finally, we conclude with a discussion regarding the ability to leverage technology to detect and prevent abuse in academic medicine.We are excited to re-convene in person this year at HICSS-56. We are looking forward to generating fruitful discussions of the featured papers and fostering the development of new ideas for future work. Collapse

Topics: smart wearable device mobile application online chat usability smart device

Methods: wearables based research literature sample agent based simulation

Responsible cognitive digital clones as decision-makers: a design science research study

2023 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Golovianko, Mariia; Gryshko, Svitlana; Terziyan, Vagan; Tuunanen, Tuure

Abstract: This study uses a design science research methodology to develop and evaluate th ... Expand

Abstract: This study uses a design science research methodology to develop and evaluate the Pi-Mind agent, an information technology artefact that acts as a responsible, resilient, ubiquitous cognitive clone – or a digital copy – and an autonomous representative of a human decision-maker. Pi-Mind agents can learn the decision-making capabilities of their “donors” in a specific training environment based on generative adversarial networks. A trained clone can be used by a decision-maker as an additional resource for one’s own cognitive enhancement, as an autonomous representative, or even as a replacement when appropriate. The assumption regarding this approach is as follows: when someone was forced to leave a critical process because of, for example, sickness, or wanted to take care of several simultaneously running processes, then they would be more confident knowing that their autonomous digital representatives were as capable and predictable as their exact personal “copy”. The Pi-Mind agent was evaluated in a Ukrainian higher education environment and a military logistics laboratory. In this paper, in addition to describing the artefact, its expected utility, and its design process within different contexts, we include the corresponding proof of concept, proof of value, and proof of use. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence decision making digital transformation legal context information system use

Methods: design artifact machine learning binary classification design science design principle

To What Extent Can Individualisation in Terms of Different Types of Mode Improve Learning Outcomes and Learner Satisfaction? A Pre-study (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Gonnermann, J.; Brandenburger, B.; Vladova, G.; Gronau, N.

Abstract: With the latest technological developments and associated new possibilities in ... Expand

Abstract: With the latest technological developments and associated new possibilities in teaching, the personalisation of learning is gaining more and more importance. It assumes that individual learning experiences and results could generally be improved when personal learning preferences are considered. To do justice to the complexity of the personalisation possibilities of teaching and learning processes, we illustrate the components of learning and teaching in the digital environment and their interdependencies in an initial model. Furthermore, in a pre-study, we investigate the relationships between the learner's ability to (digital) self-organise, the learner's priorknowledge learning in different variants of mode and learning outcomes as one part of this model. With this pre-study, we are taking the first step towards a holistic model of teaching and learning in digital environments. Collapse

Topics: online learning system enterprise information system business process management podcast internet technology

Methods: experiment survey experimental design business process modeling regression analysis method

Influence of Pre-Experience on Learning, Usability and Cognitive Load in a Virtual Learning Environment

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Gonnermann, Jana; Teichmann, Malte

Abstract: Virtual reality can have advantages for education and learning. However, it mus ... Expand

Abstract: Virtual reality can have advantages for education and learning. However, it must be adequately designed so that the learner benefits from the technological possibilities. Understanding the underlying effects of the virtual learning environment and the learner's prior experience with virtual reality or prior knowledge of the content is necessary to design a proper virtual learning environment. This article presents a prestudy testing the design of a virtual learning environment for engineering vocational training courses. In the pre-study, 12 employees of two companies joined the training course in one of the two degrees of immersion (desktop VR and VR HMD). Quantitative results on learning success, cognitive load, usability, motivation, and qualitative learning process data were presented. The qualitative data assessment shows that overall, the employees were satisfied with the learning environment regardless of the level of immersion and that the participants asked for more guidance and structure accompanying the learning process. Further research is needed to test for solid group differences. Collapse

Topics: virtual reality usability online learning system user interface virtual world

Methods: experiment survey descriptive statistic design principle quasi experiment

Work (Un)Interrupted: How Non-territorial Space Shapes Worker Control over Social Interaction

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Gonsalves, Leroy

Abstract: Organizational research has long emphasized the importance of physical space in ... Expand

Abstract: Organizational research has long emphasized the importance of physical space in structuring opportunities for social interaction among workers. Using 14 months of field research during an office redesign at a large team-based sales company, I find that the adoption of non-territorial space—a change from assigned cubicles to an unassigned mix of spaces—substantially increased worker control over social interaction. Whereas the old territorial space rendered workers constantly accessible to others, the new non-territorial space altered information about workers’ location and availability preferences, enabling new strategies for hiding in the space and signaling availability to others through workspace selection. This led to greater reliance on virtual or asynchronous communication technologies, and less unwanted interruption in the new non-territorial space. The findings identify how the non-territorial dimension of office space affects worker control over social interaction. They also reveal the social practices through which individuals actively use material and symbolic resources in the physical environment to avoid cognitive and temporal costs of unwanted interruption. The study complements dominant structural accounts with a richer theorization of individual agency—while physical spaces certainly structure opportunities for social interaction, they also structure the strategies that individuals can use to actively manage social interaction. Collapse

Topics: remote work IT supported collaboration privacy collaborative work personalization

Methods: survey qualitative interview field study theory development regression analysis method

Social Inclusion: The Use of Social Media and the Impact on First-Generation College Students

2023 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Gonzalez, Ester; Deng, Xuefei (Nancy)

Abstract: Social inclusion has become a pressing issue for organizations wishing to close ... Expand

Abstract: Social inclusion has become a pressing issue for organizations wishing to close the inequality and disparity gaps associated with underrepresented or disadvantaged groups. The challenge is becoming particularly critical in higher education institutions suffering from low retention rates and low graduation rates among first-generation college students (FGCS). In response to the challenges imposed by the notion of social inclusion, some universities and colleges are exploring the use of social networking technologies such as social media (SM) in ways that can impact social inclusion. In order to improve the understanding of how social networking technology affects the social inclusion of FGCS, we conducted a case study in a public, Hispanic-serving institution in the United States. We used technology affordance theory to reveal various affordances actualized by FGCS and various outcomes resulting from those affordances. To explain how the actualization of different strands of affordance produces certain outcomes, our analysis of 102 FGCS' narratives followed an established five-step framework for identifying generative mechanisms, revealing three SM user types-Community Builders, Scholars, and Information Seekers-and four actualized affordances, namely interconnection, inspiration, insightfulness, and intense comfort, which are conceptualized into three generative mechanisms: identity booster, academic growth, and self-care. Our results provide insights into SM usage for social inclusion outcomes. By revealing how technology use can promote social engagement and mitigate exclusion experienced by FGCS, this study contributes to the broad social inclusion research on technology and disadvantaged communities. Collapse

Topics: affordance social media user experience information system use usability

Methods: survey case study literature study qualitative coding personal interview

Theories: theory of affordance cognitive dissonance theory

Exploring the impact of online social participation on loneliness in older adults: Evidence from The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

2023 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Goodarzi, Soheil; Jiang, Jinglu; Head, Milena; Lu, Xuecong

Abstract: As individuals age, mental and physical impairment can emerge and impact their w ... Expand

Abstract: As individuals age, mental and physical impairment can emerge and impact their well-being. Previous research on social participation in older adults has typically focused on specific activities or failed to distinguish between different forms of participation. In contrast, we propose that social participation is a resource optimization process for older adults, where various forms of participation must be optimized in order to improve well-being outcomes. Drawing on Selective Optimization with Compensation theory, we develop hypotheses on how older adults with cognitive decline select and optimize their social participation profile and how multiple modes of participation synergistically affect their perceived loneliness. Using data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA), we test a polynomial model and find that online social participation has a U-shaped effect on loneliness, while personal-oriented offline social participation mitigates this effect. We also find that the impact of social participation modes varies considerably between younger and older groups. Our findings suggest im­ plications for the design of integrative aging support programs and the use of ICT to promote mental well-being in different stages of advanced age. Collapse

Topics: social media electronic mail covid 19 information system use information technology addiction

Methods: descriptive statistic longitudinal research regression analysis method statistical hypothesis test survey

Law, Economics, and Privacy: Implications of Government Policies on Website and Third-Party Information Sharing

2023 | Information Systems Research | Citations: 0

Authors: Gopal, Ram D.; Hidaji, Hooman; Kutlu, Sule Nur; Patterson, Raymond A.; Yaraghi, Niam

Abstract: Widespread abuse of internet users’ privacy online has prompted user advocacy gr ... Expand

Abstract: Widespread abuse of internet users’ privacy online has prompted user advocacy groups to implore governments to intervene and protect consumer rights. To study such interventions’ effects, we examine data-protection policies that policy makers and governments can enforce on websites, including consent-based user information sharing and subsidizing competing websites. We use a stylized analytical model to examine such policies’ impact on the decisions and outcomes of websites, users, and third-parties. Interestingly, we find that even though a consent-based policy may improve user surplus, in the absence of market entry and exit (static market), it has the unintended consequence of increasing the number of third-parties and, thus, sharing of user information. We also determine that both consent-based and website subsidization policies may reduce competition by driving websites out of the market—to the detriment of user surplus and social welfare. To validate our analytical model’s findings, we empirically investigated the impact of a consent-based policy on third-parties in a natural experiment of the California Consumer Privacy Act. These findings raise significant implications for policy making surrounding online privacy. History: Giri Kumar Tayi, Senior Editor; Nachiketa Sahoo, Associate Editor. Funding: Financial support from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada is gratefully acknowledged. R. D. Gopal gratefully acknowledges support by the Gillmore Centre for Financial Technology at the Warwick Business School. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2022.1178. Collapse

Topics: website information privacy concern data protection privacy legal context

Methods: mathematical model natural experiment experimental group longitudinal research time series analysis

Collateral Damage: The Relationship Between High-Salience Events and Variation in Racial Discrimination

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Gorbatai, Andreea; Younkin, Peter; Burtch, Gordon

Abstract: To what extent are individual or organizational biases affected by racially sali ... Expand

Abstract: To what extent are individual or organizational biases affected by racially salient events? We propose that acts of discrimination and the individual biases that undergird them are sensitive to high-salience events and will oscillate with the salience of the focal attribute. In short, that the propensity to discriminate reflects both individual and environmental differences, and therefore a given person may become more prone to discriminate in the aftermath of a high-salience event. We test our hypothesis in three online experiments that examine how varying the salience of race affects the evaluation of in-group or out-group founders. We find that respondents evaluate their in-group members more favorably, and out-group members less favorably, when exposed to a high-salience event, which translates into a significant disadvantage for the minority (African American) group. We complement these studies with an assessment of how police shootings affect fundraising outcomes on Kickstarter to confirm the external validity of our findings. Together, these studies indicate that racially salient events depress the quality evaluations and success odds of African American entrepreneurs relative to others. Hence, discrimination levels can be affected by salient yet unrelated events, and such events are consequential for the economic fortunes of individuals belonging to minority and disadvantaged groups.History: This paper has been accepted for the Organization Science Special Issue on Experiments in Organizational Theory.Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.1527. Collapse

Topics: crowdfunding crowdsourcing website criminality application programming interface

Methods: experiment parametric test statistical hypothesis test survey facial recognition system

Generative AI in Idea Development: The Role of Numeric and Visual Feedback

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Gordetzki, Philipp; Blohm, Ivo; Hofstetter, Reto

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence innovation management generative AI human computer interaction human AI collaboration

Methods: experiment statistical hypothesis test experimental group survey experimental design

Theories: media synchronicity theory dual-coding theory