Reject and Resubmit: A Formal Analysis of Gender Differences in Reapplication and Their Contribution to Women’s Presence in Talent Pipelines

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Fernandez-Mateo, Isabel; Rubineau, Brian; Kuppuswamy, Venkat

Abstract: A common explanation for women’s underrepresentation in many economic contexts i ... Expand

Abstract: A common explanation for women’s underrepresentation in many economic contexts is that women exit talent pipelines at higher rates than men. Recent empirical findings reveal that, in male-dominated selection contexts, women are less likely than men to reapply after being rejected for an opportunity. We examine the conditions under which this gender difference contributes to women’s underrepresentation in talent pipelines over time. We formally model and analyze the population dynamics of a generic selection context, which we then ground using three distinct empirical settings. We show that gender differences in reapplication are an important mechanism of gender segregation in some selection contexts but negligible in others. The extent to which gender differences in reapplication contribute to women’s underrepresentation is driven in part by the rejection rate. Higher rejection rates increase the stock of rejected applicants, which in turn enables gender differences in reapplication to disproportionally reduce women’s representation. The results demonstrate that interactions between individuals’ choices on the supply side and screeners’ behavior on the demand side may have consequences for gender inequality, even if we were able to fully eliminate demand-side biases. We discuss the theoretical and policy implications of our research for understanding women’s underrepresentation in talent pipelines. We also interrogate the effectiveness of common interventions focused on encouraging women to apply for opportunities in male-dominated domains. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1635. Collapse

Topics: crowdfunding crowdsourcing anonymity

Methods: theory development simulation descriptive statistic robustness check system dynamics

Thinking Fast and Thinking Slow: Digital Devices' Effects on Cognitive Reflection

2023 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Figl, Kathrin; Remus, Ulrich

Abstract: Informed by theoretical perspectives on working memory demands and devices' pote ... Expand

Abstract: Informed by theoretical perspectives on working memory demands and devices' potential to "prime" different types of cognitive processing, this paper investigates whether we tend to think "faster" and more intuitively, with less reflection when we use a smartphone instead of a personal computer (PC) or notebook. Three complementary experimental studies with a total of 823 participants reveal that the results of using such devices surface only when participants can select the smartphone as their preferred device. Controlling for potential confounding variables reveals no evidence of general differences between devices. Our findings caution against overemphasizing the importance of the type of device in thinking slow or fast and establish self-selection bias as an important factor in explaining such differences. This study contributes to clarifying the psychology of smartphone screens and how humans make choices when they are using these devices. Collapse

Topics: smartphone electronic mail social media decision making laptop computer

Methods: survey within subject experiment longitudinal research experiment hierarchical linear modeling

Theories: dual-system theory cognitive theory

Explaining sociotechnical change: an unstable equilibrium perspective

2023 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Fischer, Louise Harder; Baskerville, Richard

Abstract: Within the domain of Information Systems, assumptions around sociotechnical chan ... Expand

Abstract: Within the domain of Information Systems, assumptions around sociotechnical change cohesively build on establishing a stable and balanced relationship between the social and technical structures. When these structures become too rigid, revolutionary moments that punctuate the status quo are required for the structures to accommodate to a new situation. Approaching sociotechnical change with “punctuation of equilibrium” is becoming increasingly ineffective. In line with rising instability and rapid digital development, we argue that new sociotechnical change approaches are needed. In this paper we investigate how individual knowledge workers respond to the increasingly complex challenges they face when orchestrating social and technical structures to support efficient and creative knowledge work. We suggest a new perspective that covers an unstable equilibrium emerging from the interplay between individuals and their usage of “the collection of rigid and flexible workplace technologies”. Our study is based on data from interviews made with 40 knowledge professionals over a period of three years, inquiring into individual experiences with sociotechnical change. Our study reveals contradictory patterns of both technological-individualisation and -socialisation. A universal generative mechanism emerges when these patterns complement each other and generates continuous change that seems to diminish inertia from rigid structures while also intensifying agile responses. Collapse

Topics: knowledge work cloud computing IT supported collaboration remote work LinkedIn

Methods: qualitative interview group interview theory development personal interview theoretical contribution

Theories: punctuated equilibrium theory theory of change social sciences theory

"YOU CAN'T ALWAYS GET WHAT YOU WANT": EXAMINING EMPLOYEES' PREFERENCES AND JOB SATISFACTION IN AGILE TRANSFORMATIONS

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Fischer, Mareike; Heinz, Matthias; Schlereth, Christian; Rosenkranz, Christoph

Abstract: Agile transformations cause fundamental changes to work designs. To better unde ... Expand

Abstract: Agile transformations cause fundamental changes to work designs. To better understand resistance to transformations, we shed light on employee preferences and the consequences of team and work organization changes for job satisfaction. Using the stated preference method "pairwise comparisonbased preference measurement", we examine our hypothesis on job satisfaction in agile vs. traditional team and work organization. Furthermore, we relate job satisfaction to the gap between perceived and preferred forms of such organizations. In summary, we identified team organization as the most important dimension in agile transformations. For requirements engineering, the distance between employee preferences and the perceived status quo was particularly large. Further, we found evidence that a larger distance between team and work organization preferences and perceptions negatively influenced job satisfaction. Collapse

Topics: job satisfaction marketing management IT personell turnover business model new product development

Methods: survey statistical hypothesis test linear regression analysis conjoint analysis Student's t-test

“NO ONE CAN DO IT ALL”: THE (CHANGING) ROLE OF EXTERNAL MANAGERS FOR TEAM EMPOWERMENT IN AGILE TEAMS

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Fischer, Mareike; Rosenkranz, Christoph

Abstract: Agile software development teams need a high degree of team empowerment. Yet, a ... Expand

Abstract: Agile software development teams need a high degree of team empowerment. Yet, autonomous decisionmaking and self-organization are at odds with traditional command-and-control management. As more and more organizations adopt agile methods at a large scale, managers can be either a burden or a facilitator in the endeavor to achieve agility. Prior research has studied the internal processes of agile teams, but our understanding of the role of team-external managers is limited. In this research, we conducted a case study in five teams in a large organization currently undergoing an agile transformation. We developed a theoretical model of team-external management and its effects on team empowerment. We provide recommendations for practitioners and a set of hypotheses for empirical testing in future studies. Collapse

Topics: customer service self efficacy organization structure change management user satisfaction

Methods: qualitative interview theory development qualitative coding case study company material

Theories: leadership theory

Understanding resistance to IS-related change

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Fleron, Benedicte; Pries-Heje, Jan; Hansen, Magnus

Abstract: When adopting and diffusing new Information Systems (IS) people often show sign ... Expand

Abstract: When adopting and diffusing new Information Systems (IS) people often show signs of resistance and animosity when they are required to change their behaviour caused by the introduction and implementation of new digital technology in organisational settings. However, resistance may take many forms and may vary from stakeholder to stakeholder. Further, it may be very challenging to know how to handle and cope with different types of resistance. Understanding different types of resistance and how one will meet and experience them is an extremely important part of any digital transformation in order to make the wished-for change happen. In this paper we analyse 6000 Facebook postings that revolve around a new digital healthcare platform with more than 40,000 daily users that all were required to adopt and use the new healthcare system. We infer an overall typology of resistance to change (RtC) that enhances the understanding of the phenomenon and paves the way for new potential coping strategies. Collapse

Topics: Facebook systems implementation resistance to change armed conflict health information system

Methods: qualitative content analysis synthesis grounded theory qualitative interview

The Academic Genealogy of the Scholars of the Information Systems Discipline

2023 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Freeman, Lee; Kranz, Johann; Urbaczewski, Andrew; Westerman, George

Abstract: Despite the relative youth of our information systems discipline, many of us do ... Expand

Abstract: Despite the relative youth of our information systems discipline, many of us do not know the founders of our field or the academic "families" that have helped shape us into what we are today. We have changed greatly over the past few decades, both topically and geographically. As the Information Systems (IS) discipline enters its second halfcentury, now is a good time to identify the origins of our academic community while some of the founders are still with us. We have created a web-enabled "family tree" of more than 11 thousand IS scholars that investigators can use to examine where we came from, where we are going, and how we can position our field for future academic generations. The genealogical data can be used to show the trajectory of our research, the influences that shape our field, and the influences of organizational designs and the broader environment. Collapse

Topics: database system pandemic

Methods: design science data modeling mixed method

In-Memory and Column Storage Changes IS Curriculum

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Freeze, Ronald; Bristow, Susan

Abstract: Random Access Memory (RAM) prices have been dropping precipitously. This has giv ... Expand

Abstract: Random Access Memory (RAM) prices have been dropping precipitously. This has given rise to the possibility of keeping all data gathered in RAM rather than utilizing disk storage. This technological capability, along with benefits associated with a columnar storage database system, reduces the benefit of Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS) and eliminates the need for Online Transactional Processing (OLTP) and Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) activities to remain separate. The RDBMS was a required data structure due to the need to separate the daily OLTP activities from the OLAP analysis of that data. In-memory processing allows both activities simultaneously. Data analysis can be done at the speed of data capture. Relational databases are not the only option for organizations. In-Memory is emerging, and university curriculum needs to innovate and create skills associated with denormalization of existing database (legacy) systems to prepare for the next generation of data managers. Collapse

Topics: organizational impact relational database computer data storage

Methods: qualitative interview

Automized Assessment for Professional Skills – A Systematic Literature Review and Future Research Avenues

2023 | International Conference on Business Informatics | Citations: 0

Authors: Freise, Leonie Rebecca; Bretschneider, Ulrich

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse

Topics: knowledge base soft skill

Methods: structured literature research computational algorithm literature study cluster analysis natural language processing

Theories: organizational behavior theory

Establishing a Gamified Programming Practice Environment with Immediate Feedback

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Fu, JenRuei; Hsu, Chiung-Wen

Abstract: Feedback serves a key role of closing the gap between students' current underst ... Expand

Abstract: Feedback serves a key role of closing the gap between students' current understanding and desired learning. However, it is difficult for students to obtain feedback on homework corrections in a timely manner. With the guidance of self-determination theory, this research integrated gamified elements and immediate feedback feature in students' practice assignments and develops a highly motivating SQL programming practice exercise that is not limited by time and space, allowing exploration and trial-anderror process surroundings. The system completely records the content of each activity process and problem-solving so as to provide teachers with after-the-fact review and serve as a reference for classroom teaching. We provide students with an engaging but meaningful learning experience in gamified scenarios. From the perspective of learning gamification, this research explores how gamification elements in the learning process affect students' learning engagement and learning outcomes. Collapse

Topics: gamification user interface usability enterprise architecture structured query language

Methods: survey design artifact

Theories: self determination theory