Valuing Flexibility in Low Carbon Electricity Portfolios

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Blumsack, S.

Abstract: With the increased focus on responding to climate change by accelerating a tran ... Expand

Abstract: With the increased focus on responding to climate change by accelerating a transition to a low carbon energy system, differing views remain on the combination of energy technologies that will best achieve this goal. Identifying technological pathways is complicated by wide uncertainties in economic and technological factors. Analyses that neglect these uncertainties can produce pathways for a low carbon energy future that are highly granular and specific, but which are based on a particular assumption about future conditions and imply a need to make specific technology commitments over a long period of time. We frame the energy transition problem as the identification of one near-term investment strategy that is flexible across a wide range of possible future costs, followed by many alternative subsequent investment plans, each of which responds to realized future costs to achieve an aggressive emissions reduction target. Using an example of planning a low carbon power system under uncertainty, we demonstrate the option value of not ruling out some energy technologies in the near-term. Collapse

Topics: energy information system IT investment technological change

Methods: support vector machine case study machine learning stochastic model descriptive statistic

Managing Customer Data in Data-driven Service Innovation: A Framework of Data Principles

2023 | International Conference on Business Informatics | Citations: 0

Authors: Blöcher, Katharina; Reinhold, Olaf; Alt, Rainer

Abstract: While customer data has been collected in enterprise systems since decades, the ... Expand

Abstract: While customer data has been collected in enterprise systems since decades, the emerging consumer technologies create new sources of data. Although the need to co-create services with customers has been recognized, a systematic approach of how to include this sensitive source of innovation in the service innovation process is still lacking. This research explores the potential of data governance practices for data-driven service innovation. Data principles for the governance of customer data are collected and assessed by practioners in order to provide conceptual support for organizations and to facilitate the service innovation process. The results of this research integrate data principles of different research streams and offer a framework of data principles that can be applied in the design and management of data-driven services. Collapse

Topics: innovation management business process innovation data governance database system data management

Methods: qualitative interview personal interview archival research theoretical contribution synthesis

Theories: dominant logic

Organizing Entrepreneurial Teams: A Field Experiment on Autonomy over Choosing Teams and Ideas

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 1

Authors: Boss, Viktoria; Dahlander, Linus; Ihl, Christoph; Jayaraman, Rajshri

Abstract: Scholars have suggested that autonomy can lead to better entrepreneurial team pe ... Expand

Abstract: Scholars have suggested that autonomy can lead to better entrepreneurial team performance. Yet, there are different types of autonomy, and they come at a cost. We shed light on whether two fundamental organizational design choices—granting teams autonomy to (1) choose project ideas to work on and (2) choose team members to work with—affect performance. We run a field experiment involving 939 students in a lean startup entrepreneurship course over 11 weeks. The aim is to disentangle the separate and joint effects of granting autonomy over choosing teams and choosing ideas compared with a baseline treatment with preassigned ideas and team members. We find that teams with autonomy over choosing either ideas or team members outperform teams in the baseline treatment as measured by pitch deck performance. The effect of choosing ideas is significantly stronger than the effect of choosing teams. However, the performance gains vanish for teams that are granted full autonomy over choosing both ideas and teams. This suggests the two forms of autonomy are substitutes. Causal mediation analysis reveals that the main effects of choosing ideas or teams can be partly explained by a better match of ideas with team members’ interests and prior network contacts among team members, respectively. Although homophily and lack of team diversity cannot explain the performance drop among teams with full autonomy, our results suggest that self-selected teams fall prey to overconfidence and complacency too early to fully exploit the potential of their chosen idea. We discuss the implications of these findings for research on organizational design, autonomy, and innovation.History: This paper has been accepted for the Organization Science Special Issue on Experiments in Organizational Theory.Funding: The authors are grateful for funding from the Innovation Growth Laboratory, the Peter Curtius Foundation, and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Grant CRC TRR 190].Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.1520. Collapse

Topics: team productivity entrepreneurship missing data intrinsic motivation evaluation criteria

Methods: experiment experimental group survey causal mediation analysis field experiment

Correction to: Gender, Pay Transparency, and Competitiveness: Why Salary Information Sometimes, but Not Always, Mitigates Gender Gaps in Salary Negotiations

2023 | Group Decision and Negotiation | Citations: 0

Authors: Bear, Julia B.; Pinkley, Robin; Barsness, Zoe; Mazei, Jens; Bhatia, Nazli; Sleesman, Dustin J.

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse

Minitrack on Distributed, Renewable and Mobile Resources (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Blumsack, S.

Abstract: J. Charles Smith Energy Systems Integration Group charlie@esig.energy generatio ... Expand

Abstract: J. Charles Smith Energy Systems Integration Group charlie@esig.energy generation, microgrids and strategic storage can provide reliability and security and distributed sensing can offer unprecedented system visibility. Integration of DERs requires continuing innovation in co-ordinated control, optimization, and modeling, and technology to enable the participation in regulation and balancing services, ancillary service markets and distribution system management. How these customer-suppliers will interact with DERs and the larger power grid is still evolving rapidly. Researchers and the industry are starting to realize the potential of data analytics, as well as the potential for distributed and transactive decision-making. There is also increased recognition of the potential for DERs to improve energy-system resilience in the face of extreme events.Integration of new resources and technologies into the power grid also creates challenges for system operators and planners. With wind generation currently having the largest share of the new capacity, and solar generation having the highest rate of growth, this trend is expected to continue to produce an increasing amount of variability and uncertainty in system generation portfolios. This technology transition can improve the sustainability of electricity supplies but it also makes the grid as a whole more dependent on the availability of natural resources. Risk-based approaches are needed to assess availability of these resources for adequate grid planning. The need of the power grid for technologies that can provide long-term energy storage, as well as those that can supply needed ancillary services to help grid operators ride through volatile periods of renewable power production, is going to rise. Papers in this mini-track address the ways in which planning and evaluation of environmental performance can be evaluated for power systems moving towards very high penetration of renewables -particularly wind, solar and hydroelectric. Other papers focus on technological innovations needed to give grid operators sufficient tools for reliable grid operations.The capabilities and characteristics of innovative supply-side and demand-side technologies in the electric power industry, as well as power system operations, implementation of microgrids, planning and markets are evolving rapidly. Electric power supplies (and consumption) is not only becoming more distributed in nature with increased adoption of customer-sited photovoltaics, energy storage and microgrids, but also has the potential to become highly mobile with the electrification of transportation. Effective integration of distributed resources (behind the meter supply and storage), weather dependent renewables, and mobile electric energy supply and storage through electrified transportation requires evolution in planning, operational and control strategies, as well as an appreciation of how people will adopt and use distributed and mobile resources. This mini-track features papers that address modeling, simulation and hardware developments; economic and system analyses; and studies of individual and organizational behavior and decision making as pertaining to distributed, renewable and mobile resources in electric power systems.This year's mini-track features two groups of papers. The first group includes those that address issues in modeling and understanding the behavior of electricity consumers and how they increasingly interact with the power grid and with one another in increasingly sophisticated ways. The second group of papers in this mini-track addresses system-level problems in the integration of variable renewables and other emerging grid resources, both at the transmission and distribution level.Consumers of electricity are becoming increasingly participatory on both the supply and demand sides of the electricity industry, and with this increasing participation has come the need for more sophisticated approaches to capturing consumer behavior in power-grid models. Distributed energy resources (DERs) can play an important role in providing services to the power system. Flexible loads can be scheduled to balance variable Collapse

TOWARDS AN OPEN HARDWARE PROTOTYPE PROCESS MODEL FOR LONG-TERM SUSTAINABILITY

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Brandenburger, Bonny; Brüsch, Julia; Voigt, Maximilian; Busch, Magnus

Abstract: The rise of open source models for software and hardware development has cataly ... Expand

Abstract: The rise of open source models for software and hardware development has catalyzed the debate regarding sustainable business models. Open Source Software has already become a dominant part in the software industry, whereas Open Source Hardware is still a little-researched phenomenon but has the potential to do the same to manufacturing in a wide range of products. This article addresses this potential by introducing a research design to analyze the prototyping phase of six different Open Source Hardware projects tackling ecological, social, and economical challenges. Using a design science research methodology, a process model is developed to concretise the prototype development steps. The prototype phase is important because it is where fundamental decisions are made that affect the openness of the final product. This paper aims to advance the discourse on open production as a concept that enables companies to apply the aspect of openness towards collaboration-oriented and sustainable business models. Collapse

Topics: participatory design new product development open source computer hardware business model

Methods: business process modeling design artifact design methodology case study literature study

DO NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES AFFECT PLATFORM MEMBERSHIP CONDITIONS? THE IMPACT OF MORAL AND REGULATORY LEGITIMACY ON PLATFORM GOVERNANCE

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Brandwijk, Noah; Reuver, Mark de

Abstract: When allowing third parties to join their platforms, platform owners run the ri ... Expand

Abstract: When allowing third parties to join their platforms, platform owners run the risk of attracting harmful third-party complements. Existing literature considers that low-quality offerings negatively affect crossside user satisfaction and attractiveness, ultimately harming the platform's reputation and stability. However, recent events show that negative externalities from third-party offerings can also motivate platform sponsors to adapt their membership conditions. Existing platform literature does not explain the underlying theoretical mechanisms. In this paper, we examine why platform sponsors adjust the conditions that govern third parties joining their platforms in response to negative externalities. We apply legitimacy theory to a critical case on a payment transaction platform. We find that negative externalities affect both moral and regulatory legitimacy, which in turn motivate the platform sponsor to adjust the conditions under which third parties may join the platform. Collapse

Topics: platform governance digital ecosystem digital platform user satisfaction network effect

Methods: qualitative interview case study theory development single case study

Explainable artificial intelligence in information systems: A review of the status quo and future research directions

2023 | Electronic Markets | Citations: 4

Authors: Brasse, Julia; Broder, Hanna Rebecca; Förster, Maximilian; Klier, Mathias; Sigler, Irina

Abstract: The quest to open black box artificial intelligence (AI) systems evolved into an ... Expand

Abstract: The quest to open black box artificial intelligence (AI) systems evolved into an emerging phenomenon of global interest for academia, business, and society and brought about the rise of the research field of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). With its pluralistic view, information systems (IS) research is predestined to contribute to this emerging field; thus, it is not surprising that the number of publications on XAI has been rising significantly in IS research. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of XAI research in IS in general and electronic markets in particular using a structured literature review. Based on a literature search resulting in 180 research papers, this work provides an overview of the most receptive outlets, the development of the academic discussion, and the most relevant underlying concepts and methodologies. Furthermore, eight research areas with varying maturity in electronic markets are carved out. Finally, directions for a research agenda of XAI in IS are presented. Collapse

Topics: explainable artificial intelligence artificial intelligence user requirement electronic market user experience

Methods: literature study literature sample cluster analysis synthesis machine learning

Theories: information systems theory activity theory agency theory attribution theory cognitive fit theory

“Dear CEO and Board”: How Activist Investors’ Confidence in Tone Influences Campaign Success

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Brauer, Matthias; Wiersema, Margarethe; Binder, Philipp

Abstract: Activist hedge funds represent the most potent form of financial activism. Yet w ... Expand

Abstract: Activist hedge funds represent the most potent form of financial activism. Yet we do not fully understand how these activist investors, despite holding only a small stake in target firms, are able to influence management and the board to acquiesce to their demands, especially given the large uncertainty that their demands will improve shareholder value. Building on impression management (IM) theory, we propose that activist investors who express their concerns and demands with high confidence in their letters to target firms are likely to be perceived as knowledgeable and competent by the firm’s other shareholders, thus influencing the response of the firm’s management and board. In support of this theoretical proposition, results of our empirical analysis of 475 U.S. activist campaigns against U.S. companies between 2007 and 2019 suggest that confidence in tone in an activist’s letter, as a form of self-promotion, is positively associated with campaign success. We also observe that the positive association between confidence in tone in activist letters and campaign success is less for activists with greater success in prior campaigns and in campaigns with multiple activists. Our paper contributes to financial activism research by showing that activists’ verbal impression management can serve as an effective influence tactic in their campaigns. Our study also contributes to the emerging research stream on verbal IM by introducing a language attribute, confidence in tone, that has not been studied in management research and is distinct from past constructs examined in verbal IM research. Collapse

Topics: corporate governance strategic management organizational productivity decision making database system

Methods: descriptive statistic qualitative content analysis theory development linguistic analysis regression analysis method

Theories: behavioral theory

Natural Language Processing for Medical Texts – A Taxonomy to Inform Integration Decisions into Clinical Practice

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Braun, Marvin; Kolbe, Lutz; Neumann, Caspar

Abstract: Electronic health records (EHR) have significantly amplified the volume of info ... Expand

Abstract: Electronic health records (EHR) have significantly amplified the volume of information accessible in the healthcare sector. Nevertheless, this information load also translates into elevated workloads for clinicians engaged in extracting and generating patient information. Natural Language Process (NLP) aims to overcome this problem by automatically extracting and structuring relevant information from medical texts. While other methods related to artificial intelligence have been implemented successfully in healthcare (e.g., computer vision in radiology), NLP still lacks commercial success in this domain. The lack of a structured overview of NLP systems is exacerbating the problem, especially with the emergence of new technologies like generative pre-trained transformers. Against this background, this paper presents a taxonomy to inform integration decisions of NLP systems into healthcare IT landscapes. We contribute to a better understanding of how NLP systems can be integrated into daily clinical contexts. In total, we reviewed 29 papers and 36 commercial NLP products. Collapse

Topics: health information system artificial intelligence database system healthcare data information technology infrastructure

Methods: natural language processing computational algorithm information extraction literature sample NLP application