Activists of themselves: Liminality of Instagram and its role in the ethnic identity construction processes of third generation British Sikhs to their imagined identities

2023 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Takhar, Amandeep; Bebek, Gaye; Jamal, Ahmad

Abstract: As a result of the rapid evolution of computer culture, social media and network ... Expand

Abstract: As a result of the rapid evolution of computer culture, social media and networking websites now provide the primary socialisation platforms for individuals across the world. With characteristics such as transcending time, space, and even cultures, these platforms impact individuals through increased interactions. Although past research shows how social media impacts on individuals’ cultural affiliations and identity construction processes, research neglects to understand the role and impact of the characteristics of social media and networking en­ vironments as individuals engage in these virtual spaces. This paper uses Instagram as a case study, to demonstrate the liminal nature of social media spaces and looks at how this virtual space and its characteristics evoke a sense of reflexivity with regards to identity construction amongst young British Sikhs in the U.K. We highlight how the empowering characteristics of this virtual space impact their identity and just how the communities that are formed by individuals through Instagram, act as a further acculturative agent, as they attempt to deal with the tensions that they experience as a result of being both British and Sikh. Findings implicate how brands can engage with and support the individuals going through this reflective identity re/ construction process. Collapse

Topics: Instagram social media virtual world online community social network

Methods: qualitative interview personal interview mixed method qualitative content analysis theory development

The Road Not Taken: Technological Uncertainty and the Evaluation of Innovations

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Tan, David

Abstract: When venturing into unfamiliar areas of technology, inventors face ex ante techn ... Expand

Abstract: When venturing into unfamiliar areas of technology, inventors face ex ante technological uncertainty, that is many possible alternative technological paths going forward and limited guidance from existing technological knowledge for predicting the likelihood that a given path will successfully result in an invention. I theorize, however, that this ex ante technological uncertainty becomes less apparent when evaluating inventions in hindsight. When one knows that a given technological path turned out to be successful ex post, it may be difficult to appreciate the ex ante plausibility of reasons to prefer alternative paths. As a result, inventions may seem more obvious to those evaluating inventions with the benefit of hindsight. My theory yields a counterintuitive implication; when inventors venture into less familiar areas of technology, there is a greater risk of evaluators overestimating obviousness due to hindsight bias. Empirical evidence comes from novel data on accepted and rejected patent applications, including hand-collected data from the text of applicant objections to obviousness rejections and examiners’ subsequent reversals of rejections in response to applicant objections. Collapse

Topics: innovation management digital innovation data breach

Methods: case study descriptive statistic theory development statistical hypothesis test

Satisfaction or gratitude? Exploring the disparate effects of physicians' knowledge sharing on patients' service evaluation in online medical consultations

2023 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 0

Authors: Tan, Hongying; Zhang, Xiaofei; Yang, Yefei

Abstract: The influence of physicians' knowledge sharing on patient satisfaction in online ... Expand

Abstract: The influence of physicians' knowledge sharing on patient satisfaction in online medical consultations (OMCs) has received extensive attention in recent years. However, patient gratitude in OMCs, another crucial outcome for physicians' knowledge sharing, has largely been overlooked. To address this gap, this study attempts to distinguish patient satisfaction from gratitude in OMCs and elucidate the relationship between the sharing process and outcomes. Drawing on the affect theory of social exchange, this study proposes a model that investigates the relative effects of physicians' informational and emotional support during the knowledge-sharing process on patient satisfaction and gratitude, as well as the contingent roles of physicians' professional seniority and patients' disease severity. The research model is tested by using data from a well-known online health platform in China. The results indicate that patient gratitude is associated with a more favourable service evaluation than satisfaction in OMCs. Physicians' informational support has a greater effect on patient satisfaction than emotional support, while emotional support has a greater effect on patient gratitude than informational support. Moreover, professional seniority and disease severity positively and negatively moderate the relationship between emotional support and patient gratitude, respectively. A survey-based experiment is also adopted to validate the research model with self-reported perceptual measures. This study contributes to the literature on patient gratitude, online healthcare service evaluation, knowledge sharing, and the affect theory of social exchange. Collapse

Topics: knowledge sharing online review healthcare data electronic health privacy

Methods: sentiment analysis Wald test survey experiment parametric test

Theories: affect theory

Explainable Risk Classification in Financial Reports

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Tan, Xue Wen; Kok, Stanley

Abstract: Every publicly traded company in the US is required to file an annual 10-K fina ... Expand

Abstract: Every publicly traded company in the US is required to file an annual 10-K financial report, which contains a wealth of information about the company. In this paper, we propose an explainable deep-learning model, called FinBERT-XRC, that takes a 10-K report as input, and automatically assesses the post-event return volatility risk of its associated company. In contrast to previous systems, our proposed model simultaneously offers explanations of its classification decision at three different levels: the word, sentence, and corpus levels. By doing so, our model provides a comprehensive interpretation of its prediction to end users. This is particularly important in financial domains, where the transparency and accountability of algorithmic predictions play a vital role in their application to decision-making processes. Aside from its novel interpretability, our model surpasses the state of the art in predictive accuracy in experiments on a large real-world dataset of 10-K reports spanning six years. Collapse

Topics: cloud computing explainable artificial intelligence artificial intelligence logistics management risk management

Methods: machine learning word embedding term frequency–inverse document frequency experiment logistic regression

Physical Stores as Warehouses for Online Channels: Implications for Channel Choices Under Competition

2023 | Information Systems Research | Citations: 0

Authors: Tang, Ping; Chen, Jianqing; Raghunathan, Srinivasan

Abstract: The Internet and online channels have immensely transformed retailing, which has ... Expand

Abstract: The Internet and online channels have immensely transformed retailing, which has traditionally relied on brick-and-mortar and physical channels. In recent years, a hybrid and special omnichannel structure referred to as New Retail promising to tightly integrate online and physical channels has emerged within the industry; some industry experts tout New Retail as the future of retailing. For instance, in the New Retail model, retailers use physical stores not only as front ends for physical channel consumers but also as small local warehouses to serve online consumers. In this paper, we provide insights into competing firms’ retail channel choices among online channel, physical channel, and omnichannel under the New Retail model. The online and physical channels could differ in terms of geographical market coverage, consumer shopping cost, and consumer valuation: An online channel can serve both city and remote (suburban) consumers, whereas a physical channel may only be able to serve city consumers, and consumers could have a lower shopping cost in the online channel than in the physical channel but a lower valuation for the online channel than for the physical channel. We find that an equilibrium in which at least one firm operates the omnichannel emerges only when consumers have a higher valuation for the physical channel. Moreover, neither firm would operate only the online channel in this case. In contrast, when consumers have a higher valuation for the online channel than the physical channel, neither firm is likely to operate the omnichannel. The market and channel characteristics have nonuniform and counterintuitive impacts on firms’ profits under different equilibria. For instance, firms might not benefit from either increasing the differentiation between the channels within a firm or increasing the differentiation between channels across firms. Furthermore, an increase in the number of city consumers relative to suburban consumers can hurt the firm that serves only city consumers. The tradeoffs among interfirm competition, market expansion, consumer segmentation, and intrafirm cannibalization effects of firms’ channel choices drive our findings. History: Giri Kumar Tayi, Senior Editor; Yifan Dou, Associate Editor. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2023.1198. Collapse

Topics: price management electronic commerce marketing management

Methods: robustness check

Theories: game theory

Understanding user misrepresentation behavior on social apps: The perspective of privacy calculus theory

2023 | Decision Support Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Tang, Yao; Ning, Xianzhang

Abstract: Due to the rapid growth of social media and mobile devices, social apps have bec ... Expand

Abstract: Due to the rapid growth of social media and mobile devices, social apps have become deeply integrated into people's lives. Extensive adoption of social apps entails the collection of massive amounts of users' private in­ formation, causing serious privacy issues. To protect their privacy, in practice, social app users are quite likely to disclose false information (i.e., to engage in misrepresentation behavior). Although misrepresentation behavior both influences the regular involvement of fellow users and reduces the efficiency of the marketing strategies designed by the social app operator, this phenomenon has received limited attention from academics. Accord­ ingly, we use privacy calculus theory to investigate user misrepresentation behavior in the context of social apps. Our empirical analysis shows that both privacy concerns and social rewards motivate users to engage in misrepresentation behavior, while personalized benefits discourage users from doing so. We verify the inter­ dependence of privacy concerns and perceived benefits by confirming that users with a high degree of privacy concerns tend to discount the perceived benefits of information disclosure. Moreover, we find that, as ante­ cedents, perceived privacy control and app permission sensitivity influence privacy concerns significantly, while disposition to value privacy and perceived effectiveness of privacy policies have nonsignificant effects on privacy concerns. We also conduct various mediation analyses to extend our basic model. This study enriches the literature on privacy calculus theory and information disclosure behavior. Additionally, our findings shed light on the strategies that the social app operator can adopt to incentivize users to refrain from disclosing false information. Collapse

Topics: information privacy concern mobile application privacy misinformation Sina Weibo

Methods: survey descriptive statistic partial least squares regression theory development data transformation

Theories: privacy calculus theory protection motivation theory

Conception and Requirements Identification of Gaia-X-Based Service Offerings

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Tanrikulu, Cansu; Gogineni, Sonika; Kondak, Konstantin; Lindow, Kai

Abstract: Gaia-X is an initiative to develop the next generation of a secure and federate ... Expand

Abstract: Gaia-X is an initiative to develop the next generation of a secure and federated European data infrastructure to promote digital sovereignty for data exchange to fuel innovations. This paper introduces the basics of Gaia-X, in particular the mobility domain, followed by the federated system and its standards. In addition, a research methodology is presented to help conceptualize and derive requirements for service offerings on a Gaia-X-based data space. This is elaborated with a use case from the project "GAIA-X4 AMS" (Gaia-X4-Advanced Mobility Services), which reflects implementation in Gaia-X ecosystems and its added value. Collapse

Topics: legal context vehicular automation supply chain management

Mitigating Bias in Organizational Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Tanriverdi, Hüseyin; Akinyemi, John-Patrick; Neumann, Terrence

Abstract: We theorize why some artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms unexpectedly treat ... Expand

Abstract: We theorize why some artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms unexpectedly treat protected classes unfairly. We hypothesize that mechanisms by which AI assumes agencies, rights, and responsibilities of its stakeholders can affect AI bias by increasing complexity and irreducible uncertainties: e.g., AI's learning method, anthropomorphism level, stakeholder utility optimization approach, and acquisition mode (make, buy, collaborate). In a sample of 726 agentic AI, we find that unsupervised and hybrid learning methods increase the likelihood of AI bias, whereas "strict" supervised learning reduces it. Highly anthropomorphic AI increases the likelihood of AI bias. Using AI to optimize one stakeholder's utility increases AI bias risk, whereas jointly optimizing the utilities of multiple stakeholders reduces it. User organizations that co-create AI with developer organizations instead of developing it in-house or acquiring it off-the-shelf reduce AI bias risk. The proposed theory and the findings advance our understanding of responsible development and use of agentic AI. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence algorithmic bias Google+ database system algorithmic transparency

Methods: computational algorithm supervised learning survey design optimization model theory development

Network Externality and Trust in Agent-Based Social Commerce

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Tao, Jingqiao; Jiang, Mingliang; Zhai, Yingda

Abstract: The social commerce platform engages users in an agent-led network, leveraging ... Expand

Abstract: The social commerce platform engages users in an agent-led network, leveraging local ties and communal trust. Agents are neighborhood influencers facilitating user referral, community engagement, and product marketing. We study the economic value of the agents to the platform based on their native endowed network externality and the trust formulated from the interaction with the users. Using detailed performance and referral data from a leading social commerce platform in Indonesia, we find that (1) agents with a higher level of endowed network externality outperform the ones with a lower level; (2) a more trustworthy and, surprisingly, less connected agent produces higher community sales; and (3) user's perceived benevolence of the agent positively moderates the referral effect. The results suggest that the platform faces a trade-off between capitalizing on agents' social connections and nurturing community trust. Collapse

Topics: network effect social commerce marketing management user satisfaction electronic commerce

Methods: instrumental variables estimation ordinary least square hierarchical linear modeling statistical hypothesis test robustness check

Algorithms as co-workers: Human algorithm role interactions in algorithmic work

2023 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 0

Authors: Tarafdar, Monideepa; Page, Xinru; Marabelli, Marco

Abstract: In algorithmic work, algorithms execute operational and management tasks such as ... Expand

Abstract: In algorithmic work, algorithms execute operational and management tasks such as work allocation, task tracking and performance evaluation. Humans and algorithms interact with one another to accomplish work so that the algorithm takes on the role of a co-worker. Human–algorithm interactions are characterised by problematic issues such as absence of mutually co-constructed dialogue, lack of transparency regarding how algorithmic outputs are generated, and difficulty of over-riding algorithmic directive – conditions that create lack of clarity for the human worker. This article examines human–algorithm role interactions in algorithmic work. Drawing on the theoretical framing of organisational roles, we theorise on the algorithm as role sender and the human as the role taker. We explain how the algorithm is a multi-role sender with entangled roles, while the human as role taker experiences algorithm-driven role conflict and role ambiguity. Further, while the algorithm records all of the human's task actions, it is ignorant of the human's cognitive reactions – it undergoes what we conceptualise as ‘broken loop learning’. The empirical context of our study is algorithm-driven taxi driving (in the United States) exemplified by companies such as Uber. We draw from data that include interviews with 15 Uber drivers, a netnographic study of 1700 discussion threads among Uber drivers from two popular online forums, and analysis of Uber's web pages. Implications for IS scholarship, practice and policy are discussed. Collapse

Topics: Uber mobile application ride sharing platform global navigation satellite system web page

Methods: computational algorithm qualitative interview qualitative coding netnography theory development

Theories: organizational role theory role theory