Aggregation of Correlated Judgments on Multiple Interconnected Issues

2023 | Group Decision and Negotiation | Citations: 0

Authors: Sekiguchi, Takuya; Ohtsuki, Hisashi

Abstract: This paper theoretically studies the outcome of the dependency among votes. In p ... Expand

Abstract: This paper theoretically studies the outcome of the dependency among votes. In particular, we pay attention to the event that aggregation of logically consistent judgments by a large number of voters leads to a logically inconsistent collective judgment, i.e., discursive dilemma. In contrast to results found in the literature, which assumes independent voting, we find that if the dependence among votes exists, enhancing voters’ competences does not always entail a decrease in the probability of collective inconsistency. More precisely, a non-monotonic relation can arise between individual competences and the likelihood of collective inconsistency. Moreover, even a paradoxical monotonic relation can arise, in which the likelihood of the collective inconsistency increases as voters’ competences increase. We also examine the probability of collective inconsistency when a voter’s competence is variable. The result is qualitatively similar to that obtained from the model assuming constant competences. We conclude that allowing for dependencies between votes can give rise to a new problem about the difficulty of achieving collective consistency in collective decision-making on logically interconnected issues. Collapse

Topics: decision making

Methods: descriptive statistic

Voting Records as Assessors of Premises Behind Collective Decisions

2023 | Group Decision and Negotiation | Citations: 0

Authors: Sekiguchi, Takuya

Abstract: The question of how to maximize benefits from the accuracy of collective decisio ... Expand

Abstract: The question of how to maximize benefits from the accuracy of collective decisions by weighting votes has been examined for a single-issue agenda. This study generalizes the existing optimal weighting rule in the context of collective judgment on an agenda consisting of multiple logically interconnected issues. Specifically, it determines the best approach to weight each voter’s judgment on a proposition in order to estimate the states of premises behind the proposition, which maximize the expected collective benefit obtained from their correctness, when voters’ judgments for the proposition are available as a record, but their judgments for premises are not available. Although the optimal weight assigned to a vote for a single-issue agenda has been known to depend only on voters’ competences (i.e., probability of a voter making a correct decision), we found that the weight in the case of multiple connected issues further depends on the content of the voter’s judgment. This difference raises a new question. In the case of a single-issue agenda, if voters have overwhelmingly high competence, dictatorial or oligarchic situations arise, namely, the weights to those voters can be so large that the remaining voters’ decisions do not affect the collective decision. By contrast, in the case of multiple connected issues, we should define who would be dictatorial or oligarchic in terms of the contents of their decisions, not just their competence. We examine the conditions under which such cases are likely to arise. Collapse

Topics: decision making on-premises software

Human perceptions of fairness: a survey experiment

2023 | International Conference on Business Informatics | Citations: 0

Authors: Sengewald, Julian; Schlichter, Anissa; Siepermann, Markus; Lackes, Richard

Abstract: Algorithmic decision-making (ADM) through automation has benefits but must be i ... Expand

Abstract: Algorithmic decision-making (ADM) through automation has benefits but must be implemented responsibly. Several mathematical definitions of fair outcomes exist, but it remains unclear how these align with human perceptions of fairness. We conducted a survey experiment (N=258) examining common machine-learning definitions of fairness (demographic parity, equal opportunity, and equalized odds) in the context of algorithmic job interview invitations. We find that humans perceive the simple fairness definition of demographic parity as less fair than a more complex one that considers whether the invitees were eligible. Collapse

Topics: logistics management anonymity social media Facebook electronic mail

Methods: experiment longitudinal research machine learning survey survey design

"Digital Sanctums of Empowerment": Exploring Community and Everyday Resilience-Building Tactics in Online Professional Communities for Women

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Sengupta, S.; Tacheva, Z.

Abstract: Work and learning are essential facets of our existence, yet women have and may ... Expand

Abstract: Work and learning are essential facets of our existence, yet women have and may continue to face multiple restrictions that hinder and impede their professional outcomes. These restrictions are especially pronounced in the technical domains of Information technology and Computer science.This paper explores the power of informal online communities to act as collective shields of care in the context of professional development, especially for women. Using a mixed-methods comparative investigation of 400,268 conversational traces from three professional development communities on Reddit, we report resilience and communal empathy-building tactics, as well as calls for inclusivity and belongingness, which drive the collective identity of these online channels. The long-term goal of this work is to address the way in which such channels can be designed and curated to offer spaces for enrichment, empowerment, and advocacy with a focus on the professional development of women, especially those engaged in technical domains. Collapse

Topics: online community IT career Reddit Python application programming interface

Methods: BERT linguistic analysis mixed method qualitative content analysis cross sectional research

Moving away from trading on the margins: Economic empowerment of informal businesses through FinTech

2023 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 1

Authors: Senyo, P. K.; Gozman, Daniel; Karanasios, Stan; Dacre, Nicholas; Baba, Melissa

Abstract: While there have been increasing studies on the impact of financial technology ( ... Expand

Abstract: While there have been increasing studies on the impact of financial technology (FinTech), limited research has explored how FinTech supports economic empowerment for informal businesses. Drawing on institutional logics and a case study of mobile money—a FinTech innovation—this study develops a model of mobile money-driven economic empowerment. We argue that this model is important to explain how those at the bottom of the economic pyramid, who are often neglected, use FinTech innovations to create and run informal businesses. Our findings and model explain the dynamics between logics, actors, and mobile money at three levels: regulatory, payments infrastructure, and informal economy. We identify three corresponding effects as outcomes of economic empowerment for informal businesses: greater access to start-up capital, new employment opportunities, and improved financial management. By illustrating these effects, our study contributes to a better understanding of how FinTech innovations offer a possible pathway to economic empowerment for informal businesses. Collapse

Topics: mobile payment mobile system electronic finance innovation management information and communication technology for development

Methods: qualitative interview qualitative coding theory development personal interview triangulation

Source Credibility Theory: SME Hospitality Sector Blog Posting During the Covid-19 Pandemic

2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0

Authors: Serman, Zehra Ece; Sims, Julian

Abstract: During the recent Covid-19 pandemic SMEs in the hospitality sector had to develo ... Expand

Abstract: During the recent Covid-19 pandemic SMEs in the hospitality sector had to develop new ways of increasing consumer engagement and maintaining business activity. This study examines the effect of using blogs to counter the detrimental effect of pandemic lockdowns. A survey method was deployed with 449 respondents. Analysis used SEM PLS. The findings show trustworthiness and reputation positively affects credibility, but promotional incentives and expertise do not affect credibility. The findings also suggest that unverified information sharing mediates the relationship between credibility and loyalty. Information System (IS) researchers can systematically develop approach using big data to identify false information. This research contributes to knowledge of both IS researchers and SMEs in hospitality sector. SMEs in hospitality sector can partner IS and use this research as an example of method for recovering from crisis by the adoption of blog posts, as well as working remotely with IS researchers to explore data sources and research techniques to investigate false information. Collapse

Topics: blog information exchange customer loyalty social media misinformation

Methods: survey partial least squares regression structural equation modeling statistical hypothesis test descriptive statistic

Best of Both Worlds: The Inclusion of Gamification in Virtual Lab Environments to Increase Educational Value

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Shadbad, F.; Bahr, G.; Luse, A.; Hammer, B.

Abstract: Previous research investigating gamification and virtual laboratories has sugge ... Expand

Abstract: Previous research investigating gamification and virtual laboratories has suggested that both are successful in educational outcomes, but few have looked at both gamification and virtual labs in tandem. This research explores the idea of investigating both contexts within one unified platform. We examine whether gamification within virtual labs is effective in enhancing learners' educational performance. Particularly, we employ leaderboards as a motivational gamification mechanism for more engagement and participation that can result in higher learning outcomes. Using a sample of students, our results show that utilization of gamification within a virtual lab environment causes students to exhibit higher performance in terms of more task accomplishments (specifically more complex tasks) and higher self-efficacy. The current findings show promising evidence on the positive influence of gamification within virtual lab learning environments. Collapse

Topics: gamification self efficacy electronic mail task productivity personality

Methods: chi squared test experiment longitudinal research descriptive statistic analysis of covariance

Input Output HMM for Indoor Temperature Prediction in Occupancy Management Under User Preferences

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Shahin, Kamrul Islam; Das, Anooshmita; Kjærgaard, Mikkel

Abstract: In this paper, a probabilistic machine learning method is proposed to predict th ... Expand

Abstract: In this paper, a probabilistic machine learning method is proposed to predict the indoor temperature of an office environment. An IOHMM-based model is developed to represent the office environment under different circumstances of heating sources. One year of time series data is observed and studied to learn the dynamics of the indoor thermal states. The uncertainty associated with the changing aspects of the indoor temperature and its dependence on the outdoor temperature is considered in the model development. The well-known Baum Welch and forward-backward algorithms are adapted to learn the model parameters. Then, the Viterbi algorithm is used to predict the maximum path of hidden states, leading to predicting the most likely future temperatures. A numerical application is presented to demonstrate the model development steps and the training and testing results. Finally, the model's performance is validated using leave-one-out cross-validation, which shows that the model has a prediction accuracy of about 78%. Collapse

Topics: workstation recommender system

Methods: computational algorithm experiment hidden Markov model case study personal interview

The Influence of Temporal Focus on Employee Preferences in Cybersecurity Training

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Shaikh, Faheem Ahmed

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse

Topics: IT security security policy electronic mail password IS education

Methods: descriptive statistic survey experimental group chi squared test theory development

Theories: construal level theory

On Technology Ecosystems: De-Jure Standards Setting by Firms

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Shams, Reza; Saraf, Nilesh; Ruckman, Karen

Abstract: We study how social structure, strategic heterogeneity, and competition impact ... Expand

Abstract: We study how social structure, strategic heterogeneity, and competition impact collaboration efforts among firms in a technological standard-setting organization. Our findings reveal that a higher level of social capital among firms in the standard committee leads to a quicker consensus over the current standard. However, more competition among committee firms and larger committees delays the time to consensus. Our study emphasizes that supporting open standard development and consensus-based decision making is a double-edged sword for SSOs. Our research has some implications for value cocreation in open innovation alliances. Collapse

Topics: open innovation decision making social capital Java participatory design

Methods: proportional hazards model statistical hypothesis test qualitative coding design methodology