Introduction to the Minitrack on Security and Privacy Aspects of Human-Computer-Interactions

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Rosenthal, Paul; Müller, Nicholas; Weber, Kristin

Abstract: Special-Track IntroductionWith increasing digitization, the security and privac ... Expand

Abstract: Special-Track IntroductionWith increasing digitization, the security and privacy aspects of information are a non-negotiable factor in information system design and operation.Especially the human factor of information systems is a pivotal role in information security and increasingly relevant in establishing user-privacy concepts. More often than not, their knowledge about security aspects and ways of user-manipulation tactics are the last line of defense against cyber-attacks. However, studies show users are also seen as the weakest link in information security. Therefore, they are also the primary target of attackers.In addition to the traditional forms of user-computerinteractions in the form of mouse-keyboard-inputdevices, new ways of system-interactions, e.g., physiological data from fitness-trackers, eye-tracking devices or even pupillary responses indicating cognitive-load-levels, are increasingly feasible as everyday HCI-components. With the interest in data privacy increasing, are users aware how valuable those personal input data is and how do they value data privacy measures? Therefore, we have identified two main aspects relevant to researchers within the domain of Software Technology:1) how to securely deal with input data (also focusing on privacy aspects) 2) how this data can be utilized in order to increase secure behavior or to raise awareness among users (help the users to make better securityrelated decisions)In this minitrack we sought papers that explore concepts, prototypes and evaluations of how users interact with information systems and what implications these interactions have for information security and privacy. Further, we welcomed new and innovative ways of human-computer-interaction and securityrelated concepts currently examined in the field. This year two papers will be discussed within this minitrack which cover the above-mentioned facets of security aspects. Developing a Maturity Model for Information Security Awareness Using a Polytomous Extension of the Rasch ModelThe first paper by Fertig, Schütz and Weber is about Information Security Awareness (ISA), and how to apply it in a targeted way. They developed a system of five maturity levels and were able to show, by conducting a survey, that the maturity model is an effective way to identify strengths and weaknesses regarding ISA within organizations. The Forgotten Model -Validating the Integrated Behavioral Model in Context of Information Security AwarenessThe second paper by Fertig and Schütz is also focused on information security awareness and how this interacts or can be explained by applying the Integrated Behavioral Model (IBM). The authors therefore present an extended model of the IBM within the ISA context and apply a high level of detail to help companies to enhance ISA in a systematic way. Collapse

Topics: privacy data security cybersecurity awareness

Methods: design artifact

Modularity Archetypes and Their Coexistence in Technological Development: The Case of a Telecoms Company from Analogue Voice to 5G

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Rossi, Enrico; Pujadas, Roser; Venters, Will

Abstract: Modularity is a key concept in the research and practice of information systems. ... Expand

Abstract: Modularity is a key concept in the research and practice of information systems. Yet, it has been variously interpreted. Synthesizing the literature, we inductively develop a two-by-two matrix encapsulating two dualities of modularity: architectural vs. governance dimensions, and bottom-up vs. top-down perspectives. This matrix groups the literatures into four archetypical approaches to modularity (Engineering, Ecosystem, Generative and Logical). We next illustrate these archetypes through a qualitative study of a large global telecommunications firm. Drawing upon archival data and interviews, we show how each of these four approaches to modularity become dominant at different times, but also how they overlap and coexist. Collapse

Topics: organization structure business process management digital innovation digital platform innovation management

Methods: qualitative interview case study theory development archival research literature study

The Design of Open Platforms: Towards an Emulation Theory

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Rudmark, Daniel; Lindgren, Rikard

Abstract: The enrolment of third-party developers is essential to leverage the creation an ... Expand

Abstract: The enrolment of third-party developers is essential to leverage the creation and evolution of data ecosystems. When such complementary development takes place without any organizational consent, however, it causes new social and technical problems to be solved. In this paper, we advance platform emulation as a theoretical perspective to explore the nature of such problem-solving in the realm of open platforms. Empirically, our analysis builds on a 10-year action design research effort together with a Swedish authority. Its deliberate change agenda was to transform unsolicited third-party development into a sanctioned data ecosystem, which led to a live open platform that is still in production use. Theoretically, we synthesize and extend received theory on open platforms and offer novel product and process principles for this class of digital platforms. Collapse

Topics: digital platform application programming interface mobile application problem solving database languages

Methods: qualitative interview action design research design science data modeling triangulation

Bounce Forward Resilience Attributes: Information System Strengthening in Response to Crisis

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Russpatrick, Scott; Amarakoon, Pamod; Hedberg, Calle

Abstract: Previous information system resilience studies have predominantly focused on an ... Expand

Abstract: Previous information system resilience studies have predominantly focused on analyzing bounce back, return to pre-shock state, resilience. This paper explores the phenomena of bounce forward information system resilience through longitudinal analysis of the COVID-19 responses in Sri Lanka and Sierra Leone. Both of these countries were able to significantly expand their information systems in terms of functionality, scale, and coordination in response to the pandemic. The goal of this paper is to derive new bounce forward attributes that were present in the information system landscapes of these countries prior to the pandemic. Through the analysis of these cases against the previously identified resilience attributes found in the literature, we defined capacity for coordinated agility, configurable and extensible innovation platform infrastructure, and human resource action potential as unique information system attributes that can constitute bounce forward outcomes when systems face shocks or are under stress.2013; Russpatrick et al., 2021). In response to this gap, we propose the following research question: Are there unique attributes of an information system that can bounce forward when responding to and adapting from a crisis such as COVID-19? We identify specific system properties, referred to as attributes, that enable a bounce forward of the IS. We derive these attributes through a critical realist, empirical investigation of longitudinal case-studies of the COVID-19 surveillance systems in Sri Lanka and Sierra Leone. Driven by fresh case data and new research, we build on, refine, and fill the gaps of previously identified bounce back and bounce forward resilience attributes (Russpatrick et al. 2021; Amarakoon et al., 2022, Park et al., 2021 Kinkade et al. 2022. We examine in both countries the use of the free and open-source District Health Information Software 2 (DHIS2) platform for COVID-19 surveillance.The paper is organized as follows. First, we define our conceptualization of resilience attributes through the analysis of the existing resilience attributes from prior research. Next, we present a detailed description of each case-study. From there, we present a cross-case analysis through the lens of established bounce back attributes to explicate the bounce forward outcomes. In the discussion we present new bounce forward resilience attributes through corroboration with the case data and triangulation against existent literature on bounce forward resilience. Finally we briefly recapitulate our findings in the conclusion. Collapse

Topics: innovation management pandemic human resource management application programming interface health information system

Methods: case study triangulation qualitative interview longitudinal case study field study

AI-based Technologies for Everyone: How and Why to Adapt Voice Assistants’ Complexity to Older Adults

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Rzepka, Christine; Berger, Benedikt; Tams, Stefan

Abstract: Technological advancements in the area of artificial intelligence have rapidly ... Expand

Abstract: Technological advancements in the area of artificial intelligence have rapidly improved the performance of speech recognition and natural language processing. These improvements have facilitated the proliferation of voice assistants (VAs), which can understand human speech and provide spoken answers to assist in various tasks. More and more individuals and organizations adopt VAs because they value the naturalness of speech interaction. However, speech interaction is of ephemeral nature and processed in sequential order, which puts cognitive load on the user. Therefore, we investigate the relationship between the complexity of speech interaction and the interaction outcomes enjoyment, satisfaction, and intention to explore. Our results show that this relationship has an inverted U-shape for people with above-median information processing speed (i.e., younger adults) but is negatively linear otherwise. The results contribute to the literature on interface complexity and on the use of IT systems by the elder. Collapse

Topics: decision support system website information system use password Google+

Methods: survey experiment regression analysis method statistical hypothesis test experimental group

Theories: complexity theory compensatory adaptation theory

Can Social Disconnectedness Inhibit Online Trade? Examining the Effects of Digital Distance on Peer-to-peer Lending

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Sabzehzar, Amin; Zhou, Yingxin; HOU, JINGBO

Abstract: The extant literature has shown that offline group proximity manifests in onlin ... Expand

Abstract: The extant literature has shown that offline group proximity manifests in online peer-topeer lending platforms, inhibiting online transactions in those markets. The findings of this research suggest that digital distance, as measured by the rate of Facebook friendship between country pairs, can also influence lending actions in bi-country lending. Building on a dataset from Kiva.org, we show that digital distance significantly and negatively affects bi-country lending actions, on top of other distance-related barriers discussed in the literature. The results also shed light on the role of government policies regarding local IT infrastructure and Internet freedom, revealing that greater levels of IT infrastructure and Internet freedom can compensate for the negative effect of digital distance on prosocial lending. Collapse

Topics: internet technology information technology infrastructure Facebook crowdsourcing virtual teamwork

Methods: descriptive statistic regression analysis method

In or Out of Sync? A Psychophysiological Approach to Understanding Creative Collaboration in Online and In-Person Teams

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Saigot, Maylis; Gleasure, Rob; Constantiou, Ioanna; Blicher, Andreas

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse

Topics: Google+ video conference laptop computer computer supported cooperative work spreadsheet

Methods: ANOVA parametric test experiment survey qualitative coding

Deep Learning for Information Systems Research

2023 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 1

Authors: Samtani, Sagar; Zhu, Hongyi; Padmanabhan, Balaji; Chai, Yidong; Chen, Hsinchun; Nunamaker Jr., Jay F.

Abstract: Modern artificial intelligence (AI) is heavily reliant on deep learning (DL), an ... Expand

Abstract: Modern artificial intelligence (AI) is heavily reliant on deep learning (DL), an emerging class of algorithms that can automatically detect non-trivial patterns from petabytes of rapidly evolving "Big Data." Although the information systems (IS) discipline has embraced DL, questions remain about DL's interface with a domain and theory and DL contribution types. In this paper, we present a DL information systems research (DL-ISR) schematic that reviews DL while considering the role of the application environment and knowledge base, summarizes extant DL research in IS, a knowledge contribution framework (KCF) to position DL contributions, and ten guidelines to help IS scholars design, execute, and present DL for computational, behavioral, or economic IS research. We illustrate a research contribution to DL for cybersecurity. This article's contribution to theory resides in the conceptual DL-ISR schematic and KCF, while its contributions to practice are based on its practical guidelines for executing DL-based projects. Collapse

Topics: knowledge base IT security artificial intelligence darknet IT security threat

Methods: Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining data transformation autoencoder computational algorithm econometric modeling

Decision Support for Healthcare Processes and Services

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Reuter-Oppermann, M.; Walker, C.; Furian, N.

Abstract: While the COVID pandemic has increased the pressure on healthcare systems world ... Expand

Abstract: While the COVID pandemic has increased the pressure on healthcare systems worldwide, it has also proven the importance of decision support for healthcare processes and services based on optimization, simulation and information technology research. In many countries, a shortage of staff and intensive care beds on the one hand and unclear predictions about future demand has led to critical situations and high challenges for everyone involved. Many surgeries, treatments and screening were cancelled or postponed, leading to an extensive backlog that healthcare services providers now need to deal with. This also opens up many new research questions for OR/OM and IS researchers.The pandemic has emphasized the need for integrated planning with a system's perspective, for interdisciplinary approaches bringing knowledge from different areas together and for a strong collaboration between research and practice. While in some countries scientists have been successfully present in the media and advised decision makers, especially OR/OM researchers have to better promote their methods and the demonstrate the benefit of applying them for decision making in practice.Healthcare processes (e.g. patient pathways) and services are often very complex and can involve various parties within an organization or between organizations such as hospitals and other caregivers, as well as the patients. The design of services is often different from traditional service design -as for many healthcare services patients receive care, but insurance companies pay for it. Implementing processes in this domain should result in providing faster, safer and more effective care, necessitating organizing and sharing information among all participants involved in patient care. While the need for well-defined healthcare processes is clear, there are many obstacles and opportunities for research, including technical, behavioral, and organizational topics.Operational Research approaches including mathematical programming and simulation modelling can help address and solve logistical challenges in designing and managing healthcare processes and services. While mathematical programming can give the optimal locations of ambulances or shift schedules for hospital doctors, simulation approaches are a crucial tool to analyze different scenarios and model complex settings like emergency departments or operating rooms.Decision support systems play a crucial role in healthcare, not only in the form of clinical decision support systems to assist physicians and other health professionals with medical decision making, but also to support logistical and organizational processes.This minitrack focuses on the analysis, design and optimization of healthcare systems, the use of IT to support and improve care processes as well as non-IT assets such as process changes, innovative IT artefacts, and interoperability standards.In its fourth year (with slight changes in title and minitrack chairs), the minitrack received 22 high quality submissions of which we were able to accept nine papers. These show the variety of potential applications and research questions around decision support for healthcare processes and services, providing different perspectives on the role of optimization, simulation and information technology. Covered topics include appointment scheduling, machine learning, discreteevent and Monte-Carlo simulation, fraud detection, patient length of stay, visitor admission, healthcare access, patient information leaflets, mental health, intensive care as well as visual analytics. The minitrack comprises the following eight papers: Collapse

UNDERSTANDING AND EXPLORING TECHNO-EUSTRESS: A STUDY OF THE UK AND SPAIN

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Rodriguez, Carolina; Choudrie, Jyoti

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse