Intellectual Disability, Digital Technologies, and Independent Transportation -A Scoping Review

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Safari, M.; Wass, S.; Thygesen, E.; Haugland, S.

Abstract: Transportation is an essential aspect of everyday life. For people with intelle ... Expand

Abstract: Transportation is an essential aspect of everyday life. For people with intellectual disabilities transportation is one the largest barriers to community participation and a cause of inequality. However, digital technologies can reduce barriers for transportation use for people with intellectual disabilities and increase community mobility. The aim of this scoping review was to identify and map existing research on digital technology support for independent transport for people with intellectual disabilities and identify knowledge gaps relevant for further research. The authors conducted a scoping review of articles presenting digital technologies designed to assist in outdoor navigation for people with intellectual disabilities. The results show that while a variation of design elements was utilized, digital technologies can effectively support individuals with intellectual disability in transport. Further research should focus on multiple contexts and types of transportation, different support needs during independent travel, real-world settings, participatory approaches, and the role of user training. Collapse

Topics: system support database system geographic information system Sustainable Development Goal global navigation satellite system

Methods: structured literature research mixed method literature sample literature study

Detecting Cybersecurity Threats: The Role of the Recency and Risk Compensating Effects

2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0

Authors: Safi, Roozmehr; Browne, Glenn J.

Abstract: Detecting and responding to information security threats quickly and effectively ... Expand

Abstract: Detecting and responding to information security threats quickly and effectively is becoming increasingly crucial as modern attackers continue to engineer their attacks to operate covertly to maintain long-term access to victims’ systems after the initial penetration. We conducted an experiment to investigate various aspects of decision makers’ behavior in monitoring for threats in systems that potentially have been compromised by intrusions. In checking for threats, decision makers showed a recency effect: they deviated from optimal monitoring behavior by altering their checking pattern in response to recent random incidents. Decision makers’ monitoring behavior was also adversely affected when there was an increase in security, exhibiting a risk compensating behavior through which heightened security leads to debilitated security behaviors. Although the magnitude of the risk compensating behavior was significant, it was not enough to fully offset the benefits from added security. We discuss implications for theory and practice of information security. Collapse

Topics: data security IT security defense information security risk decision making

Methods: experimental group experiment Wilcoxon signed-rank test nonparametric test statistical hypothesis test

Theories: behavioral economics

The Work of Students and ChatGPT Compared: Using Machine Learning to Detect and Characterize AI-Generated Text

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Safi, Roozmehr; Naini, Azadeh Jalali

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Topics: artificial intelligence application programming interface Python

Methods: chatGPT machine learning term frequency–inverse document frequency computational algorithm experiment

SENSEMAKING IN AI-BASED DIGITAL INNOVATIONS: INSIGHTS FROM A MANUFACTURING CASE STUDY

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Sagodi, André; Dremel, Christian; Giffen, Benjamin van

Abstract: Organizations strive to innovate with Artificial Intelligence (AI) to tap new v ... Expand

Abstract: Organizations strive to innovate with Artificial Intelligence (AI) to tap new value potentials and outperform their competition. However, despite the enormous expectations associated with AI, incorporating the latter induces novel uncertainties into organizational innovation endeavors. To overcome these AI-induced uncertainties and construct meaningful AI-based innovations, the organizational actors must jointly make sense of AI and derive collective innovation actions. Using an exploratory case study, we investigate organizational sensemaking in two AI-based digital innovation projects at a globally leading automotive manufacturer. We account for the distinct characteristics by which AI differs from traditional information systems and carve out how these AI characteristics trigger AI sensemaking in AI-based digital innovations. We deduce four AI sensemaking mechanisms (i.e., cognition, interaction, regulation, and concretization) to understand better how AI unfolds in digital innovation endeavors in organizations. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence digital innovation sensemaking innovation management organizational context

Methods: case study triangulation qualitative interview qualitative coding single case study

Value Destruction in Information Technology Ecosystems: A Mixed-Method Investigation with Interpretive Case Study and Analytical Modeling

2023 | Information Systems Research | Citations: 0

Authors: Sahaym, Arvin; Vithayathil, Joseph; Sarker, Suprateek; Sarker, Saonee; Bjørn-Andersen, Niels

Abstract: Many of today’s software systems are created by leveraging ecosystems consisting ... Expand

Abstract: Many of today’s software systems are created by leveraging ecosystems consisting of heterogeneous “complementors” and “hub” firms. In fact, the reliance on ecosystems is prevalent in the enterprise resource planning (ERP) domain, where larger ERP vendors form collaborative relationships with smaller industry-specific vendors to co-create value for themselves and their customers. However, value creation and destruction processes are often intertwined. A key motivation for this study is to shed light on the behavioral contingencies and underlying mechanisms that might lead to value destruction over time instead of the initially intended value co-creation. Furthermore, although value co-creation in collaborative relationships associated with ecosystems is often highlighted, research has been scarce on offering an in-depth analysis of the challenges in these relationships that can destroy value. This study attempts to address this issue by uncovering the underlying mechanisms that lead a hub firm and its complementors toward value destruction. Our mixed-methods approach involves the use of a combination of interpretive case study and analytical modeling to highlight nuances and develop conceptual propositions about the conditions that can potentially lead to value destruction. Our context is a globally reputed information technology (IT) firm known for providing business solutions (SOFTCo, a pseudonym) and numerous relatively small, less powerful customer-facing service firms (PartnerCos, a pseudonym). Our findings show that opportunism, unjust appropriation of rents, shirking, exploitation of asymmetric power, and undue dependence can initiate a value destruction process. Furthermore, our study revealed an unexpected emergence of a “pack of wolves,” where resentful PartnerCos formed a collective to tackle the opportunistic behaviors of SOFTCo by starting to align with its competitor, further destroying value for SOFTCo’s ecosystem. Overall, this study contributes to the literature on value co-creation/destruction in IT ecosystems. It also offers an illustration of a mixed-methods study where seemingly incommensurable approaches are harnessed to develop a theoretical understanding.History: Ola Henfridsson, Senior Editor; Likoebe Maruping, Associate Editor.Funding: The authors acknowledge the financial support of the 3gERP project at the Copenhagen Business School in Denmark, the Dean’s Summer Research Fund of the McIntire School of Commerce, University of Virginia, and the Huber Dean’s Fellowship of the Carson College of Business, Washington State University.Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2022.1119. Collapse

Topics: participatory design enterprise resource planning digital ecosystem value creation pseudonymity

Methods: design methodology case study mathematical model qualitative interview mixed method

Theories: game theory prisoner's dilemma organizational behavior theory

Introduction to the Minitrack on Agile and Lean: Organizations, Products and Development

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Saltz, Jeffrey; Anderson, Edward; Sutherland, Alex

Abstract: Over the past two decades, implementation of Agile and Lean methods for softwar ... Expand

Abstract: Over the past two decades, implementation of Agile and Lean methods for software development has increased radically. Agile and Lean practices (which we define broadly to include Scrum, XP, Lean Startup, as well as other related approaches) have been shown to decisively improve the rapidity and success of software projects. Moreover, newer techniques, such as DevOps are emerging, platforms and other new business models are proliferating, and organizations are adapting Agile and Lean methods to non-digital or hybrid digital-physical projects. Research, however, has not kept pace with this growth, which is problematic because understanding how to improve Agile and Lean methods is becoming ever more vital to business success. Collapse

Topics: agile software development devops innovation management system development method IT project

Methods: design methodology case study ethnography

Theories: sociotechnical systems theory

Understanding the Role of Leadership Competencies in Cyber Crisis Management: A Case Study

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Salviotti, Gianluca; Abbatemarco, Nico; De Rossi, Leonardo Maria; Bjoernland, Kaia

Abstract: The amount and severity of cyber-attacks has been constantly increasing in recen ... Expand

Abstract: The amount and severity of cyber-attacks has been constantly increasing in recent years, and the number of cyber-related organizational crises grew accordingly. Despite the relevance of the topic, the literature on the subject is still limited, especially from a non-technical point of view. In the context of leadership, traditional crisis management literature identified specific competencies that organizations can leverage to mitigate the effects of a crisis, but there is a research gap as to whether or not these capabilities make sense in a cyber crisis context. This study aims to bridge this gap by analyzing the case of Norsk Hydro – a Norwegian company that in 2019 fell victim of a disruptive ransomware attack – through the lenses of a traditional crisis leadership model. Collapse

Topics: emergency management ransomware organization learning decision making computer crime

Methods: narrative analysis qualitative interview case study cluster analysis qualitative coding

An approach to modelling complex ICT4D investment problems: towards a solution-oriented framework and data analytics methodology

2023 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Samoilenko, Sergey; Osei-Bryson, Kweku-Muata

Abstract: Economies of the world invest in ICT with the uniform purpose of obtaining socio ... Expand

Abstract: Economies of the world invest in ICT with the uniform purpose of obtaining socio-economic benefits. Determination of the most appropriate path of success linking ICT to socio-economic benefits is a complex multidimensional problem that is not amenable to methodological approaches based on a single perspective. Policy analysts and researchers are, therefore, in need of adequate tools for modelling and analysing the complex ICT4D investment problem. In this paper, we present a consistent solution-oriented theoretical and methodological approach that focuses on discovering pitfalls and best practices that the experience of travelling “ICT → outcomes” path may offer. Specifically, we ask: “What are some lessons that ‘newer entrants’ (represented by the economies of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)) may learn from ‘earlier travelers’ (represented by Transition Economies (TE))?” Among many findings is the difference in the sources of growth in productivity between the SSA- and TE-dominated groups of economies. Besides practical insights, this study offers several contributions to policy-makers and researchers including: a theoretical framework that allows for conceptually complex inquiries into the matters of ICT4D and a multi-method methodology that can be used to identify (a) important areas suitable for benchmarking and (b) differences requiring a customised context-specific approach. Collapse

Topics: information and communication technology for development information technology capability productivity analytical information system decision making

Methods: cluster analysis theoretical contribution conceptual modelling theory development cross sectional research

Theories: theory of economic development theory of economic growth

Secure Knowledge Management and Cybersecurity in the Era of Artificial Intelligence

2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0

Authors: Samtani, Sagar; Zhao, Ziming; Krishnan, Ram

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Topics: IT security artificial intelligence spoofing cloud computing fake news

Methods: reinforcement learning computational algorithm topic model machine learning

Introduction to the Minitrack on Privacy, Trust, and Governance in the Data-driven Economy

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Sandberg, Johan; Ofe, Hosea; De Reuver, Mark; Rudmark, Daniel

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Topics: privacy legal context information privacy law

Methods: literature sample