The Hidden Potential: Explaining How and Why Late-Entry IT Professionals Move Into The IT Profession

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Prommegger, Barbara; Joseph, Damien; Krcmar, Helmut

Abstract: To sustain the rapid technological evolution, more than our internal market of ... Expand

Abstract: To sustain the rapid technological evolution, more than our internal market of young IT talent will be required to satisfy the need for IT staff. Integrating skilled non-IT professionals in the IT sector may help combat the IT skills shortage. However, we still lack an understanding of how and why non-IT professionals enter the IT sector late in their careers. We address this research gap by drawing on the careers of 53 successful late-entry IT professionals. By combining the theories of boundaryless and protean careers with the signaling theory, we discuss how we see shifts in the signals of knowledge, skills, and abilities that lower the barriers of the IT profession and explain how signals of behavior and practices act as door openers into IT. Lastly, we introduce four career patterns of lateentry IT professionals and thus shape our understanding of contemporary career development in but also outside of IT. Collapse

Topics: IT workforce IT career IT job IT work agile software development

Methods: qualitative interview qualitative coding personal interview theoretical contribution constant comparative analysis

Theories: signaling theory

Does Narrative Impact Funding? Analyzing the Relationship Between Project Description and Pledged Amounts for Reward-based Crowdfunding Projects

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Pu, Shaolin; Srinivasan, Karthik; Sherwood, Ben; Tripathi, Arvind

Abstract: In reward-based crowdfunding (RBC) campaigns, project description text plays a ... Expand

Abstract: In reward-based crowdfunding (RBC) campaigns, project description text plays a critical role in driving market demand, by simplifying complex project information and providing clear backing signals. Indeed, well-crafted textual descriptions could persuade potential backers to better fund the respective projects. Through the lenses of theories on framing and resonance, we examine three attributes, that are key to forming a compelling narrative: innovation disclosure, linguistic specificity, and shared phrase utilization. We posit that better communication regarding product innovation (i.e., innovation disclosure), employing phrases commonly found in comparable projects (i.e., shared phrase utilization), and incorporating concrete and precise language (i.e., linguistic specificity) are associated with higher funding. Using data from technology and product design project categories of a prominent RBC platform, our hypotheses are tested and largely supported. Our study contributes to information systems (IS) research by exploring creators' resonance strategies and the role of the project description narratives in funding outcomes. Collapse

Topics: innovation management crowdfunding crowdsourcing Python website

Methods: descriptive statistic regression analysis method experimental group propensity score method statistical hypothesis test

Theories: lemon market theory

From Bits to Atoms: Open Source Hardware at CERN

2023 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 0

Authors: Pujol Priego, Laia; Wareham, Jonathan

Abstract: Although considered a relatively recent phenomenon of the past decade, open sou ... Expand

Abstract: Although considered a relatively recent phenomenon of the past decade, open source hardware (OSH) is already influencing commercial hardware development. However, a common belief is that the greater economic cost and complexity of hybrid digital objects (i.e., digital objects with both hardware and software) precludes their development with open source methods traditionally used for software. We study a sophisticated OSH named White Rabbit initiated at CERN and developed through a vibrant and heterogenous open source community. Our findings show that the assumption that hardware and software require fundamentally distinctive development and production modes should be replaced with a more nuanced differentiation characterized by three main attributes describing an object's composition: embodiment, modularity, and granularity. Taken together, these three attributes determine how a hybrid object is developed throughout its evolution in an open source community. Our research offers several contributions. First, we provide a more nuanced view of the consequences of the material embodiment of hardware. Once considered a simple deterrent to open source development, we describe how economic cost is subordinate to more influential aspects of an object's physical layers: as the open source community modifies the object to accommodate the operating requirements of diverse physical instantiations, such modifications can be incorporated in the logical design covered by the open source license. Additionally, we show how embodiment, modularity, and granularity progress through the object's evolution and how this maturation subsequently affects development modes. We trace the implications of our findings for hybrids and digital object conceptualizations in IS research, open source development and, more broadly, normative implications for OSH in scientific and commercial computing. Collapse

Topics: open source computer hardware open source community online community innovation management

Methods: qualitative interview design artifact qualitative coding case study theory development

Bringing Machine Learning Systems into Clinical Practice: A Design Science Approach to Explainable Machine Learning-Based Clinical Decision Support Systems

2023 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Pumplun, Luisa; Peters, Felix; Gawlitza, Joshua; Buxmann, Peter

Abstract: Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) based on machine learning (ML) hold g ... Expand

Abstract: Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) based on machine learning (ML) hold great promise for improving medical care. Technically, such CDSSs are already feasible but physicians have been skeptical about their application. In particular, their opacity is a major concern, as it may lead physicians to overlook erroneous outputs from ML-based CDSSs, potentially causing serious consequences for patients. Research on explainable AI (XAI) offers methods with the potential to increase the explainability of black-box ML systems. This could significantly accelerate the application of MLbased CDSSs in medicine. However, XAI research to date has mainly been technically driven and largely neglects the needs of end users. To better engage the users of ML-based CDSSs, we applied a design science approach to develop a design for explainable ML-based CDSSs that incorporates insights from XAI literature while simultaneously addressing physicians' needs. This design comprises five design principles that designers of ML-based CDSSs can apply to implement user-centered explanations, which are instantiated in a prototype of an explainable ML-based CDSS for lung nodule classification. We rooted the design principles and the derived prototype in a body of justificatory knowledge consisting of XAI literature, the concept of usability, and an online survey study involving 57 physicians. We refined the design principles and their instantiation by conducting walk-throughs with six radiologists. A final experiment with 45 radiologists demonstrated that our design resulted in physicians perceiving the ML-based CDSS as more explainable and usable in terms of the required cognitive effort than a system without explanations. He earned his doctorate in medicine in 2018 and his Habilitation in medicine in 2021, with research focusing on perfusion imaging in computed tomography and quantitative computed tomography in COPD. An accomplished researcher, Joshua has authored and co-authored numerous articles in renowned journals and serves as a reviewer for multiple scientific journals, such as the European Journal of Radiology and the Journal of Thoracic Imaging. He has also been recognized with several prestigious awards in the field of radiology. Collapse

Topics: explainable artificial intelligence usability knowledge representation decision making knowledge base

Methods: design artifact design principle design science design requirement survey

Evaluating user acceptance of an open-source mobile app for hospital price transparency rule

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Purkayastha, Saptarshi; Merine, Regina; Dsouza, Vyona; Singh, Pallavi; Gichoya, Judy

Abstract: ... Expand

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Topics: mobile application behavioral intention information system use open source price management

Methods: survey partial least squares path modeling cognitive walkthrough design science personal interview

Theories: unified theory of acceptance and use of technology

Improving Communication at a University: an Action Research

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Put, Dariusz; Stal, Janusz

Abstract: In the paper, the proposal for a system improving communication at universities ... Expand

Abstract: In the paper, the proposal for a system improving communication at universities is presented. First, problems concerning the use of multiple communication channels are identified. Second, examples of systems for improving communication are discussed, and their properties are analysed. Next, factors of effective communication, especially at universities, are examined. Then, a system for improving content management by intelligent messages targeting to interested parties only is proposed. Finally, a SWOT analysis of the system is carried out, and further actions leading to the implementation of the proposed solution and its evaluation are indicated. Collapse

Topics: SWOT analysis communication service infrastructure systems implementation

Methods: action research

ENABLING UTXO-BASED BACKWARDS AND FORWARDS TRACEABILTY

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Pytel, Norman; Zeiß, Christian; Winkelmann, Axel

Abstract: Increased regulation creates challenging requirements for production environmen ... Expand

Abstract: Increased regulation creates challenging requirements for production environments, changes mindsets, opens IT silos, and forms IT landscapes with greater integration. Many researchers and practitioners hope to meet future product traceability requirements beyond their companies' borders using Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) approaches. However, interdisciplinary teams still face different organizational and technical standardization challenges in supply networks. This paper uses a Design Science Research (DSR) approach to unify contradictory event terminologies in supply chains and creates a modified Unspent Transaction Output (UTXO) token that conceptualizes EPCIS 2.0 standards. The findings show an evaluated input-output traceability system (IOTS) mapping holistic meta-events. We use a simple cross-organizational example and visualization tools that multiple organizations can deploy for efficient backwards and forwards traceability. We conclude with a detailed discussion of future research directions. Collapse

Topics: smart contract Hyperledger supply chain management blockchain enterprise information system

Methods: qualitative interview computational algorithm simulation design science design process

An Ontological Approach to Defining and Systematizing Traceability Terminologies

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Pytel, Norman

Abstract: ... Expand

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Topics: blockchain knowledge representation software developer enterprise resource planning enterprise information system

Methods: ontological modelling qualitative interview network analysis design artifact personal interview

Negativity bias in the diagnosticity of online review content: the effects of consumers’ prior experience and need for cognition

2023 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Qahri-Saremi, Hamed; Montazemi, Ali Reza

Abstract: The importance of online review valence is a subject of debate among scholars. P ... Expand

Abstract: The importance of online review valence is a subject of debate among scholars. Prior studies mostly assumed valence as a “peripheral” cue derived from online review surface features (e.g., star ratings). This assumption has important implications as it restricts the negativity bias effects to a certain group of consumers who lack pertinent prior experience with the product/service domain and the motivation to assess the product/service. Focusing on online service context and drawing on an adaptational view to negative information, we investigate the negativity bias in the effects of the valence of the “content” of online reviews on consumers’ attitudes and show that it can be attributed to the higher perceived diagnosticity of negative reviews. This is determined by consumers’ in-depth elaborations of reviews’ contents, which are contingent on their prior experience with the domain of online service and need for cognition. Our findings provide a new perspective to negativity bias by showing that more experienced and thoughtful consumers are also influenced by negativity bias when the content of online reviews is considered. This is a novel account of negativity bias in the effects of online reviews that underscores the importance of response strategies for reducing their adverse effects. Collapse

Topics: online review user-generated content perceived usefulness

Methods: experiment experimental group statistical hypothesis test post-hoc analysis regression analysis method

Theories: dual-system theory

Introduction to the Minitrack on Dark Sides of Information Technology Use

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Qahri-Saremi, Hamed; Vaghefi, Isaac; Turel, Ofir

Abstract: As digital technology progresses at an increasing rate, making once-impossible ... Expand

Abstract: As digital technology progresses at an increasing rate, making once-impossible ideas, such as self-driving cars and metaverse, possible, we observe more and new instances and types of its negative (typically unintended) effects on the individual and collective users. Notwithstanding the significant benefits of digitalization for human society, the negative consequences of digitalization for users and societies are undeniable. From the spread of false information on digital platforms that endanger our health and disrupt elections and economies (Aral, 2020) to technology mediated dangerous behaviors Turel, 2021;Turel & Qahri-Saremi, 2016) and negative effects of digital technology on productivity and psychological wellbeing of users Vaghefi et al., 2020) are a few examples of such negative consequences. Therefore, identifying the dark sides of digitalization, their drivers, and investigating remedial interventions to improve them are equally valuable strides. This endeavor will guide us toward digitalization for good manifested in realizing digital technologies that can make the life truly better around the world.In pursuance of this goal, for the seventh consecutive year, this mini-track offers a forum for studies on the dark sides of digital technology. This year's mini-track comprises eight carefully selected, insightful papers that shed light on renewed and different aspects of the dark side of digital technology, and offer theoretical and practical insights for future.Two of the papers investigate the spread of false information. Suntwal and colleagues investigate the relationship between false news and presence of emojis via two studies. They find that tweets with emojis are more common in false news than true news, and that emojis are more popular with false news compared to true news. Moreover, they show how the functional usage (replace/emphasize) of emoji affects the spread of false information. In a similar vein, Syed and Shinde examine how false information related to COVID19 on social media exacerbates individuals' perceptions of health threats. Based on analyzing over 5000 fact-checked articles, they identify thirteen topics targeted by false information related to COVID19, with most of them targeting the perceived benefits of preventive actions, undermining the severity of the pandemic, and questioning the trustworthiness of official sources such as health agencies and research institutes communicating about the pandemic. Their findings have important implications for the efforts to nullify the false information.The third paper by Herrala and colleagues shed light on the ambivalent nature of personal finance management systems for young users. Via an interpretive study of qualitative data, they show that these systems emancipate young people by promoting agency (the freedom to act), while oppress them by hindering rationality (the freedom to think) due to stress. They offer remedial suggestions for the development and research on personal finance management systems to reduce their oppression and promote emancipation in young people. This study extends the growing body of works on ambivalence, which can emerge from the use of many IS, and highlights their positive effects and negative influences duality Turel et al., 2021;. On a related topic, the fourth paper by Schoch and colleagues investigate how gamification integrated into IS can improve the challenge appraisal and reduce threat appraisal of system demands for the users. It contributes to our growing knowledge base about techno-stress processes.The fifth and sixth papers shed light on two types of technology-mediated dangerous behaviors. Fang and colleagues shed light on "doxing", which is the public release of personal information with harmful intentions. Doxing is an emerging malicious online practice that is used in social protest movements, for personal revenge, as well as a means of cyber-warfare. In this paper, Fang and colleagues summarize the current state of knowledge based on a systematic review of 28 doxing papers and identify future directions for doxing research. They propose a series of research questions to guide the future research on the role of digital Collapse

Topics: virtual reality knowledge base autonomous driving system IT supported collaboration remote work