Design Principles for User Interfaces in AI-Based Decision Support Systems: The Case of Explainable Hate Speech Detection

2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0

Authors: Meske, Christian; Bunde, Enrico

Abstract: Hate speech in social media is an increasing problem that can negatively affect ... Expand

Abstract: Hate speech in social media is an increasing problem that can negatively affect individuals and society as a whole. Moderators on social media platforms need to be technologically supported to detect problematic content and react accordingly. In this article, we develop and discuss the design principles that are best suited for creating efficient user interfaces for decision support systems that use artificial intelligence (AI) to assist human moderators. We qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated various design options over three design cycles with a total of 641 participants. Besides measuring perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and intention to use, we also conducted an experiment to prove the significant influence of AI explainability on end users’ perceived cognitive efforts, perceived informativeness, mental model, and trustworthiness in AI. Finally, we tested the acquired design knowledge with software developers, who rated the reusability of the proposed design principles as high. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence explainable artificial intelligence perceived ease of use usage intention social media

Methods: design science experiment design principle survey qualitative content analysis

Wearables in Organizations - The Role of Data Sharing Mode

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Messer, Uwe; Lukas, Nadine

Abstract: Wearable technology such as smartwatches have firmly established in the electro ... Expand

Abstract: Wearable technology such as smartwatches have firmly established in the electronics market. Their sensors allow gathering biological signals and the derivation of rich insights about the user. Organizations would like to use such data from employees to promote well-being, safety or to monitor performance. However, extant research lacks findings to explain why and when employees might accept these devices and disclose data. Based on uses-and-gratifications theory we empirically investigate drivers and inhibitors of wearable usage in the workplace and in private settings depending of data sharing mode (voluntary vs. mandatory sharing with the employer). Using a mixed-methods approach with structural equation modelling and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) and a sample of 783 respondents we gain important insights into adoption intentions. Our research introduces new constructs to the literature (e.g., dehumanization risks) and provides important practical implications for the adoption of wearable technology in organizational settings. Collapse

Topics: usage intention smart wearable device mobile system technology adoption smart watch

Methods: structural equation modeling fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis SEM tool mixed method theory development

Theories: uses and gratifications theory uses and gratification theory

A Look Through a Broken Window: The Relationship Between Disorder and Toxicity on Social Networking Sites

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Messerschmidt, Nils; Gundlach, Jana; Baumann, Annika

Abstract: Toxicity has increased on social networking sites (SNSs), sparking a debate on ... Expand

Abstract: Toxicity has increased on social networking sites (SNSs), sparking a debate on its underlying causes. While research readily explored eligible social factors, disorder induced by the very nature of SNSs has been neglected so far. The relationship between disorder and deviant behaviors could be revealed within the offline sphere. Incorporating the theoretical lens of the Broken Windows Theory, we propose that a similar mechanism is prevalent in the online context. To test the hypothesis that perceived disorder increases toxicity on SNSs, the study compares two subcommunities on Reddit dedicated to the same topic that differ in their perceived disorder. Sampling the toxicity scores via data collection and natural language processing yields the first evidence for our hypothesis. We further outline subsequent studies that aim to investigate further the phenomenon of how disorder-related factors contribute to toxic online environments. Collapse

Topics: Reddit criminality application programming interface cloud computing

Methods: natural language processing experimental design qualitative coding survey design survey

Do-it-yourself as a means for making assistive technology accessible to elderly people: Evidence from the ICARE project

2023 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 0

Authors: Mettler, Tobias; Daurer, Stephan; Bächle, Michael A.; Judt, Andreas

Abstract: New assistive technology (AT) is at our disposal for improving the everyday life ... Expand

Abstract: New assistive technology (AT) is at our disposal for improving the everyday life of people in need. Yet, the current way how AT is produced and provisioned is hindering certain marginalised groups in the population, particularly elderly people, to get access to it. To expedite time-to-market, reduce costs, and increase accessibility to otherwise unattainable AT, we explore if do-it-yourself (DIY) could be a feasible and desirable alternative to commercial applications. We provide answers to the following research questions: (1) For whom does the DIY approach work in the context of assistive technology? (2) Under which circumstances do DIY work? and (3) How can researchers make DIY a satisfying experience? The evidence we collected during the “iCare” project suggests that DIY attracts both, elderly people with a need-based motive and a hedonic motive. It also shows that a participatory approach and an early engagement with potential users, their family members, and informal caregivers is beneficial for improving design and use-related aspects of the AT and the DIY intervention. Collapse

Topics: usability application programming interface Linux iOS Android

Methods: chatbot design artifact design requirement survey

Are we on the right track? an update to Lyytinen et al.’s commentary on why the old world cannot publish

2023 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Mettler, Tobias; Sunyaev, Ali

Abstract: In a thought-provoking paper published in EJIS more than a decade ago, Lyytinen ... Expand

Abstract: In a thought-provoking paper published in EJIS more than a decade ago, Lyytinen and colleagues asked the question, why does the “old world” perform poorly in high academic impact publishing? This triggered a lively debate on the epistemological and methodological traditions, preferences, and research practices of Europeans versus North Americans that has lasted until today. Is it still true, we asked ourselves, that European scholars generate less academic impact than their North American colleagues? Is the European research context indeed disadvantageous for developing high academic impact research? In this paper, we set out to explore these questions by analysing the Google Scholar profiles of 1713 IS researchers from all over the world. Our findings show that Northern and Western European scholars no longer seem to differ significantly from their North American peers, even though the different research contexts still exercise a certain level of influence. However, is this a development the “old world” desires? We provide an assessment and some suggestions for the future of European IS research. Collapse

Topics: IT investment productivity IS discipline Google+ problem solving

Methods: ANOVA parametric test bibliometric analysis statistical hypothesis test robust regression

Can Racial Diversity Attenuate Racial Discrimination in Service Interactions? Evidence from Cite-and-Release Decisions within Police Departments

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Meuris, Jirs

Abstract: Despite the belief that racial diversity in organizations will attenuate racial ... Expand

Abstract: Despite the belief that racial diversity in organizations will attenuate racial discrimination in service interactions, the extant literature suggests that it may often exacerbate discrimination by generating intergroup conflict. In this paper, I propose that the influence of racial diversity on racial discrimination in service interactions will depend upon (a) the level of interdependence within an organization and (b) whether an increase in diversity consists of a larger representation of a minority’s own racial group. To test my predictions, I combine interaction-level data covering approximately 200,000 cite-and-release decisions where suspects are either given a summons to attend court at a later date or transported to jail following arrest with longitudinal organization-level data from 93 police departments across the United States. Consistent with prior research, I found that minority suspects were less likely to be cited and released for the same offense relative to White suspects. Racial diversity among sworn officers in a police department exacerbated discrimination in cite-and-release decisions unless officers’ work roles were highly interdependent due to the adoption of community-oriented policing. Focusing on Black and Hispanic suspects, I observed this pattern regardless of whether an increase in racial diversity in the department was characterized by a larger representation of a minority suspect’s own racial group or other minority racial groups. Taken together, the findings suggest that diverse organizations can mitigate the emergence of intergroup conflict that exacerbates racial discrimination in service interactions by fostering interdependencies. Supplemental Material: Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.1571. Collapse

Topics: task structure accounting

Methods: descriptive statistic survey longitudinal research company material statistical hypothesis test

Punctuality Predictions in Public Transportation: Quantifying the Effect of External Factors

2023 | International Conference on Business Informatics | Citations: 0

Authors: Meyer-Hollatz, Tim; Schwarz, Nina; Werner, Tim

Abstract: Increasing availability of large-scale datasets for automatic vehicle location ... Expand

Abstract: Increasing availability of large-scale datasets for automatic vehicle location (AVL) in public transportation (PT) encouraged researchers to investigate data-driven punctuality prediction models (PPMs). PPMs promise to accelerate the mobility transition through more accurate prediction delays, increased customer service levels, and more efficient and forward-looking planning by mobility providers. While several PPMs show promising results for buses and longdistance trains, a comprehensive study on external factors' effect on tram services is missing. Therefore, we implement four machine learning (ML) models to predict departure delays and elaborate on the performance increase by adding realworld weather and holiday data for three consecutive years. For our best model (XGBoost) the average MAE performance increased by 17.33 % compared to the average model performance when only trained on AVL data enriched by timetable characteristics. The results provide strong evidence that adding informationbearing features improve the forecast quality of PPMs. Collapse

Topics: decision making explainable artificial intelligence artificial intelligence

Methods: literature study XGBoost machine learning Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining LightGBM

Technology for Humanity

2023 | Business & Information Systems Engineering | Citations: 0

Authors: Meythaler, Antonia; Baumann, Annika; Krasnova, Hanna; Hinz, Oliver; Spiekermann, Sarah

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse

Topics: green IS IT career health information system mobile application social media

Methods: personal interview design artifact design principle

Designing Interactive Explainable AI Systems for Lay Users

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Meza Martínez, Miguel; Mädche, Alexander

Abstract: Explainability considered a critical component of trustworthy artificial intell ... Expand

Abstract: Explainability considered a critical component of trustworthy artificial intelligence (AI) systems, has been proposed to address AI systems' lack of transparency by revealing the reasons behind their decisions to lay users. However, most explainability methods developed so far provide static explanations that limit the information conveyed to lay users resulting in an insufficient understanding of how AI systems make decisions. To address this challenge and support the efforts to improve the transparency of AI systems, we conducted a design science research project to design an interactive explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) system to help lay users understand AI systems' decisions. We relied on existing knowledge in the XAI literature to propose design principles and instantiate them in an initial prototype. We then conducted an evaluation of the prototype and interviews with lay users. Our research contributes design knowledge for interactive XAI systems and provides practical guidelines for practitioners. Collapse

Topics: explainable artificial intelligence artificial intelligence shapley additive explanation open source enterprise architecture

Methods: design artifact design principle qualitative interview design requirement design science

Theories: game theory

It’s not All Shiny and Glamorous: Loneliness and Fear of Missing Out among Digital Nomads

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Miguel, Cristina; Lutz, Christoph; Majetić, Filip; Perez-Vega, Rodrigo; Sanchez-Razo, Miguel

Abstract: The term ‘digital nomad’ has gained popularity to describe professionals who wor ... Expand

Abstract: The term ‘digital nomad’ has gained popularity to describe professionals who work remotely from different locations facilitated by using information and communication technology. This study explores the interaction between digital nomadism and loneliness, digital nomads’ coping mechanisms to fight loneliness (with a special focus on social media use), as well as the phenomenon of fear of missing out (FoMO). Digital nomads who often experience isolation may turn to the use of Facebook, WhatsApp, and Instagram to keep in contact with family and friends and other social media like Facebook groups, Slack, and MeetUp to meet new people. However, intensive use of social media can generate FoMO. By using 15 in-depth interviews, this paper aims to explore loneliness and FoMO as issues that might negatively intersect with digital nomads’ wellbeing, thus spotlighting some of the hidden dark sides of digital nomadism that go too often unnoticed. Collapse

Topics: social media Instagram mobile application internet technology

Methods: qualitative interview personal interview qualitative content analysis natural language processing

Theories: theory of affordance