Defensive Cyber Maneuvers to Disrupt Cyber Attackers

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Mckneely, Jennifer; Sell, Tara; Straub, Kathleen; Thomas, Daniel

Abstract: erimeter based defenses are limited in deterring and defeating cyberattacks. Mul ... Expand

Abstract: erimeter based defenses are limited in deterring and defeating cyberattacks. Multi-layered approaches are needed to provide robust cybersecurity and defend against Advanced Persistent Threats. Proactive defensive cyber actions can provide positional or temporal advantages over an adversary in the cognitive, technical, and physical domains. These actions comprise cyber maneuvers, which are implemented reconfigurations to a network that aim to make attackers more visible and detectable, impede attacker progress, and reduce attackers’ chances of mission success. Technical actions and response are the primary focus of most current cyber defense frameworks with little attention on adversary behavioral and cognitive effects. We describe the enhanced cyber maneuver framework which addresses cognitive and behavioral responses to cyber effects. We present experimental results that demonstrate the framework and a testing approach to collect supporting findings on the effects of cyber maneuvers. Collapse

Topics: decision making user experience video conference virtual private network

Methods: qualitative interview experiment simulation digital trace data personal interview

Theories: behavioral theory

Data Management in Emergency Response: Observations from the Field During COVID-19 and Storm Ana

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Meesters, K.; Steenbergen, O.; Wang, Y.

Abstract: During disruptive events, the exchange of information is a key factor in succes ... Expand

Abstract: During disruptive events, the exchange of information is a key factor in successfully managing the adverse effects. Today, there is a plethora of data and related datatechnologies available for emergency response organizations, which can help address the information needs. Data has a great potential to support responders in their operations, especially in complex emergencies with longer lasting and more widespread effects. However, the increasing availability and use of data in emergency response also presents new challenges. The emergence of data in the field of crisis response is not only technical in nature, but also has impacts on the organizational aspects. Drawing on existing literature and best practices in data management and governance activities, we explore this topic in two cases centered around large-scale emergency responses. Data-management challenges faced by responders are observed first-hand and implications are identified for successfully leveraging the potential of data in the immediate responses to large-scale emergencies. Collapse

Topics: data management emergency management information management

Methods: qualitative interview case study archival research action research qualitative content analysis

A Framework for Developing Cross-Sectional Surveys

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Mehler, Maren; Ellenrieder, Sara; Akdag, Merve Turan; Wagner, Amina; Benbasat, Izak

Abstract: Although the use of cross-sectional surveys is widespread in Information System ... Expand

Abstract: Although the use of cross-sectional surveys is widespread in Information Systems (IS) research and related disciplines, few papers address the survey development process. In order to ensure a standardized approach, comparable and valid results, as well as to guide researchers in quantitative research methods, this paper presents a framework for the survey development process in IS. Based on a Design Science Research (DSR) methodology, the framework was derived from a structured literature review of leading IS journals and refined by three focus group discussions among IS experts. The framework includes several steps and considerations on the sample size, variable selection, their order in the survey, protection against bias, ensuring validity and reliability, and testing before administering the survey with a focus on documentation and reporting. Our framework supports quantitative research by providing a structured approach to create reliable and credible surveys. Collapse

Topics: website implicit knowledge ease of use privacy anonymity

Methods: survey focus group survey design literature study cross sectional survey

How Much Are Machine Assistants Worth? Willingness to Pay for Machine Learning-Based Software Testing

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Mehler, Maren; Vetter, Oliver

Abstract: Machine Learning (ML) technologies have become the foundation of a plethora of ... Expand

Abstract: Machine Learning (ML) technologies have become the foundation of a plethora of products and services. While the economic potential of such ML-infused solutions has become irrefutable, there is still uncertainty on pricing. Currently, software testing is one area to benefit from ML services assisting in the creation of test cases; a task both complex and demanding human-like outputs. Yet, little is known on the willingness to pay of users, inhibiting the suppliers' incentive to develop suitable tools. To provide insights into desired features and willingness to pay for such ML-based tools, we perform a choicebased conjoint analysis with 119 participants in Germany. Our results show that a high level of accuracy is particularly important for users, followed by ease of use and integration into existing environments. Thus, we not only guide future developers on which attributes to prioritize but also which characteristics of ML-based services are relevant for future research. Collapse

Topics: willingness to pay ease of use quality management artificial intelligence software developer

Methods: conjoint analysis literature study delphi study survey computational algorithm

Through the Lens of Cognitive Functions and Contextual Factors – A Study of the Action Potentials of Artificial Intelligence in Business Process Management

2023 | International Conference on Business Informatics | Citations: 0

Authors: Meierhöfer, Simon; Dorner, Claudius-Merlin

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) is currently one of the most prevalent technologic ... Expand

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) is currently one of the most prevalent technological breakthroughs. The nature of AI provides a multitude of action potentials in business process management (BPM). However, the diversity and complexity of underlying tools and methods of AI make it difficult for organizations to determine appropriate use cases in business processes, the central unit of BPM. At this point, organizations lack knowledge on how to conceptualize the use of AI in BPM. Against this background, we investigate the action potentials of individual cognitive functions of AI across different contextual factors of business processes by combining an online survey with an interview study by means of a mixed-methods approach. The results provide researchers and practitioners with a comprehensive overview of the action potentials of AI in BPM. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence business process management brainstorming data integrity video conference

Methods: survey qualitative interview mixed method personal interview

Theories: core competency theory

DESIGNING A PROCEDURE MODEL TO DEVELOP A PRESCRIPTIVE MATURITY MODEL

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Meierkort, Luis; Hellweg, Frauke; Hellingrath, Bernd

Abstract: The digital transformation of supply chains is an important yet challenging end ... Expand

Abstract: The digital transformation of supply chains is an important yet challenging endeavor for many companies. Prescriptive maturity models are tools that can offer valuable guidance and support. However, no prescriptive maturity models in this field of research nor a process for their development can be identified in the literature. Therefore, this paper describes the design of a procedure model to develop a prescriptive maturity model based on design science research and a systematic literature review. Furthermore, the procedure model is initially tested by applying it to develop a prescriptive maturity model using the digital transformation of supply chains as an exemplary field of application. The results are evaluated based on expert interviews with four companies, leading to generally positive feedback. However, as the evaluation of the procedure model is preliminary, limitations and future paths to improve this work are discussed. Collapse

Topics: supply chain management digital transformation

Methods: maturity model design science qualitative interview structured literature research personal interview

"DIGITAL WELFARE AND VULNERABLE CITIZENS: A LITERATURE REVIEW"

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Melchiori, Cintia; Sanches, Bruno; Cruz, Manuela; Diniz, Eduardo; Cunha, Maria

Abstract: Governments worldwide are digitizing their social welfare policies and services ... Expand

Abstract: Governments worldwide are digitizing their social welfare policies and services despite the persistence of significant levels of digital exclusion. Although digitization may simplify processes and offer better services at lower costs, it may also marginalize citizens with limited digital access and skills, imposing administrative burdens on them and undermining their privacy. This research in progress attempts to make sense of the flourishing literature on the digital transformation of welfare policies and services and its implications for vulnerable citizens. An integrative literature review was conducted, adopting a critical-interpretive perspective. The literature analyzed thus far showcases the multiple ways in which supposedly neutral technology might deepen the exclusion of vulnerable citizens and points to the need for a research agenda focused on developing contexts and on the experience of vulnerable people. Collapse

Topics: digital divide database system government system spreadsheet digital transformation

Methods: literature sample literature study synthesis

Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch Formulated as Quadratic OPF and Solved via CS-SLP

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Meliopoulos, A.; Ilunga, G.; Cokkinides, G.

Abstract: Increased penetration of inverter interfaced renewable energy resources creates ... Expand

Abstract: Increased penetration of inverter interfaced renewable energy resources creates challenges and opportunities for reactive power management in the modern electricity grid. Because of the multiplicity of new resources, new computational tools and optimization models are needed in formulating and solving the Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch Problem (ORPD). In this paper, we propose (1) an object-oriented ORPD formulation based on high-fidelity modeling of each device in the network, especially those with VAR/V control capability and (2) a two-step Convex Solution-Sequential Linear Programming algorithm. The proposed method introduces two innovations: (a) high fidelity quadratized models of each component of the power system with emphasis on those components that have VAR/V control capability; and (b) an object oriented convexification of the resulting quadratic OPF problem; the solution is obtained by first solving the convex problem using public solvers for convex problems and them removing the relaxation and solving the original OPF using SLP, starting from the solution of the relaxed (convex) problem.Index Terms--Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch (ORPD), Convex relaxations, Sequential Linear Programming (SLP), Co-state Method I. Collapse

Topics: innovation management

Methods: computational algorithm linear optimization

Revisiting the Privacy Paradox: A Novel Framework for Privacy Calculus

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Memarian Esfahani, Sara; Kim, Dan

Abstract: This paper aims to address the gaps in the existing literature on the privacy p ... Expand

Abstract: This paper aims to address the gaps in the existing literature on the privacy paradox and privacy calculus by exploring the role of contextual and situational factors, such as the specific circumstances in which privacy decisions are made, and the influence of individual moral value differences across diverse populations. To achieve this, we present three research questions that aim to shed light on how users' privacy values influence paradoxical behavior and decision-making in online contexts. Our research is expected to contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the privacy calculus framework and provide insight into how individuals' privacy values and situational factors shape their privacy-related decision-making. Ultimately, our research aims to improve individual's ability to protect their personal information in online contexts, by developing effective privacy policies and interventions that are sensitive to cultural differences and values. Collapse

Topics: privacy website decision making social network electronic commerce

Methods: personal interview qualitative interview archival research

Theories: privacy calculus theory

HUMAN-AI COLLABORATION IN CONCEPTUALIZING DESIGN SCIENCE RESEARCH STUDIES: PERCEIVED HELPFULNESS OF GENERATIVE LANGUAGE MODEL'S SUGGESTIONS

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Memmert, Lucas; Cvetkovic, Izabel; Bittner, Eva

Abstract: Solving complex problems was named a new challenge for research on human-AI col ... Expand

Abstract: Solving complex problems was named a new challenge for research on human-AI collaboration. In our study we focus on a particular means to solving complex problems: design science research (DSR). We investigate whether AI, more specifically, generative language models (GLM), can support an individual in conceptualizing DSR studies by making helpful suggestions. To do so we use extracts of a published DSR study and have GPT-3, a GLM provide suggestions for aspects of this study. These suggestions are then evaluated in a survey (n=33) regarding their helpfulness. Results show that GLM suggestions are perceived to be helpful, with some variation depending on expertise. Reported interest in using such a tool in the future was high. Describing how GLMs can offer helpful suggestions we contribute toward a DSR tool support ecosystem and, more generally, towards knowledge on how humans and (generative) AI systems can team up to solve complex problems. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence human computer interaction human AI collaboration generative AI system support

Methods: survey design requirement design principle correlation analysis descriptive statistic