Learning in Temporary Teams: The Varying Effects of Partner Exposure by Team Member Role

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Kim, Song-Hee; Song, Hummy; Valentine, Melissa A.

Abstract: In many workplaces, temporary teams convene to coordinate complex work, despite ... Expand

Abstract: In many workplaces, temporary teams convene to coordinate complex work, despite team members having not worked together before. Most related research has found consistent performance benefits when members of temporary teams work together multiple times (team familiarity). Recent work in this area broke new conceptual ground by instead exploring the learning and performance benefits that team members gain by being exposed to many new partners (partner exposure). In contrast to that new work that examined partner exposure between team members who are peers, in this paper, we extend this research by developing and testing theory about the performance effects of partner exposure for team members whose roles are differentiated by authority and skill. We use visit-level data from a hospital emergency department and leverage the ad hoc assignment of attendings, nurses, and residents to teams and the round-robin assignment of patients to these teams as our identification strategy. We find a negative performance effect of both nurses’ and resident trainees’ partner exposure to more attendings and of attendings’ and nurses’ exposure to more residents. In contrast, both attendings and residents experience a positive impact on performance from working with more nurses. The respective effects of residents working with more attendings and with more nurses is attenuated on patient cases with more structured workflows. Our results suggest that interactions with team members in decision-executing roles, as opposed to decision-initiating roles, is an important but often unrecognized part of disciplinary training and team learning. Funding: This work was supported by the New Faculty Startup Fund from Seoul National University; Harvard Business School; Stanford Center for Work, Technology, and Organization; and Stanford Center for Designing Organizational Change. Supplemental Material: The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1585. Collapse

Topics: team productivity individual productivity electronic health record missing data task structure

Methods: Poisson regression qualitative interview statistical hypothesis test archival research experiment

Crowdfunding from friends: Tie strength and embeddedness

2023 | Decision Support Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Kim, Yongsuk; Koh, Tat Koon

Abstract: Crowdfunding is a useful channel for new or inexperienced “rookie” entrepreneurs ... Expand

Abstract: Crowdfunding is a useful channel for new or inexperienced “rookie” entrepreneurs to solicit funding for their projects. This study examines the individual funding decisions arising from the heterogeneity in the tie strength and embeddedness of the dyadic relationships between social media friends and rookie project initiators (PIs). Using integrated crowdfunding-social media data, we find that friends’ funding likelihood increases with a stronger tie or greater embeddedness, whereas friends’ funding amount only increases with greater embedd­ edness. We further find early evidence that the effect of tie strength on the friend’s funding decision is sensitive to the evaluation of project success potential, whereas that of embeddedness is less so. Moreover, embeddedness, but not tie strength, contributes to the project’s funding success. The findings run counter to the prevailing view of strong ties in crowdfunding while shedding new light on the persistently supportive role of embedded ties. Collapse

Topics: crowdfunding crowdsourcing social media social network

Methods: theory development descriptive statistic robustness check probit regression archival research

Cultural Roots of Entrepreneurship: Evidence from Second-Generation Immigrants

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Kleinhempel, Johannes; Klasing, Mariko J.; Beugelsdijk, Sjoerd

Abstract: Does national culture influence entrepreneurship? Given that entrepreneurship an ... Expand

Abstract: Does national culture influence entrepreneurship? Given that entrepreneurship and the economic, formal institutional, and cultural characteristics of nations are deeply intertwined and co-vary, it is difficult to isolate the effect of culture on entrepreneurship. In this study, we examine the self-employment choices of second-generation immigrants who were born, educated, and currently live in one country, but were raised by parents stemming from another country. We argue that entrepreneurship is influenced by durable, portable, and intergenerationally transmitted cultural imprints such that second-generation immigrants are more likely to become entrepreneurs if their parents originate from countries characterized by a strong entrepreneurial culture. Our multilevel analysis of two independent samples—65,323 second-generation immigrants of 52 different ancestries who were born, were raised, and live in the United States and 4,165 second-generation immigrants of 31 ancestries in Europe—shows that entrepreneurial culture is positively associated with the likelihood that individuals are entrepreneurs. Our results are robust to alternative non-cultural explanations, such as differences in resource holdings, labor market discrimination, and direct parent-child linkages. Overall, our study highlights the durability, portability, and intergenerational transmission of entrepreneurial culture as well as the profound impact of national culture on entrepreneurship. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1645. Collapse

Topics: entrepreneurship human resource management accounting national culture database system

Methods: hierarchical linear modeling survey robustness check descriptive statistic instrumental variables estimation

Theories: theory of economic development

Visualizing Convolutional Neural Network Models’ Sensitivity to Nonnatural Data Order

2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0

Authors: Klepetko, Randy; Krishnan, Ram

Abstract: Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have revolutionized image recognition techno ... Expand

Abstract: Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have revolutionized image recognition technology and found applications in various nonimage-related fields. For nonnatural data, such as cybersecurity packets, in which the data sample order is not defined by nature, some models trained on certain orderings of data perform better than when trained with other orderings. Some orderings create patterns from which the CNN extracts better features. Understanding how to best order the training data to improve CNN performance is not well-studied. In this study, we investigate this problem by examining malware infections using different CNN models and include visualization tools to enhance our analysis. We define a functional algorithm for ordering and show that order importance in CNNs is model dependent. In addition, we show that depending on the model, statistical relationships are crucial in establishing order with better performance. Collapse

Topics: malware mobile system cloud computing infrastructure as a service

Methods: experiment descriptive statistic machine learning computational algorithm Keras

Digital Business Strategy Implementation: Investigating the Use of Managerial Actions by the Leadership Team

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Klopper, Joep; Kalgovas, Bradley; Borgman, Hans; Benlian, Alexander

Abstract: Incumbent business models are being challenged by technological developments, re ... Expand

Abstract: Incumbent business models are being challenged by technological developments, resulting in tension in these organizations. Thus, Leadership Teams (LT) need to execute Managerial Actions (MAs) which assist in Digital Business Strategy Implementation (DBSI). To explore these MAs in the context of the DBSI, we conducted seven in-depth case studies of Dutch incumbent firms across a diverse range of industries that were undertaking a DBSI. Five propositions were tested to identify the challenges that the LT encounters when using MAs in a DBSI, and their differences compared to a standard strategy implementation. All five propositions are supported, allowing us to form specific and practical recommendations for enabling the DBSI in various business contexts. Collapse

Topics: digital business information systems strategy digital business strategy business model video conference

Methods: qualitative interview case study quantitative observational study personal interview

Personalization-Privacy Paradox in Using Mobile Health Services

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Klossner, Sara; Ghanbari, Hadi; Rossi, Matti; Sarv, Lill

Abstract: The rapid growth of the population and the increase in life expectancy put inte ... Expand

Abstract: The rapid growth of the population and the increase in life expectancy put intense pressure on the healthcare systems worldwide. Mobile health applications (m-health apps) can help ease the situation by offering highly personalized services that empower individuals to take better care of their health. To reach their full potential, m-health apps must continuously gather personal health data from users, which leads to privacy concerns. We study the influence of users' privacy concerns on their intention to disclose personal health data to m-health apps. Using an online survey and conducting SEM-PLS, we show that a personalization-privacy paradox is present in the context of m-health apps. While respondents claim to have privacy concerns about using m-health apps, their concerns do not negatively affect their self-disclosure intentions nor their intention to continue using the apps. Our results show that the magnitude of personalization-privacy paradox is influenced by demographic factors. Collapse

Topics: information privacy concern mobile health mobile application usability personalization

Methods: survey partial least squares path modeling SEM tool survey design partial least squares regression

EFFECTS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION ON SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY – AN EFFECT PATH PERSPECTIVE

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Kneissel, Katharina; Pedraza-Copete, Mariana; Schäfer, Ricarda

Abstract: Although on top of research and practice agendas, digital transformation is stil ... Expand

Abstract: Although on top of research and practice agendas, digital transformation is still challenging, but promising in addressing economic and ecologic sustainability. However, we lack understanding of the effects of digital transformation on social sustainability and vice versa. Given the relevance of humancentred challenges during digital transformation, a better understanding of the effects of digital transformation on social sustainability is needed. To provide such holistic understanding, we present two effect path models that reflect the effects of digital transformation on social sustainability in the fields of health, education, and equality. Building on a structured literature review and a case study, we find education at the centre of two circular relationships affecting health and equality and highlight the duality of social sustainability as an effect and a driver of digital transformation. Thus, we contribute novel perspectives on digital transformation for social sustainability and aim at inspiring practitioners to foster intra-organisational social sustainability. Collapse

Topics: digital literacy digital transformation organizational context robotic business-to-business

Methods: case study qualitative coding structured literature research qualitative interview mixed method

The Role of Emotions in Human-AI Collaboration

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Knickrehm, Charlotte; Reichmann, Doron

Abstract: Because AI has distinct abilities that enable the automation of tasks that usua ... Expand

Abstract: Because AI has distinct abilities that enable the automation of tasks that usually require human intelligence, it can affect various emotions ranging from excitement about efficiency gains to the fear of being replaced. At the same time, emotions constitute key drivers of employee behavior and thus may determine whether and how AI users collaborate with AI. We raise the question of what AI users consider important in the light of human-AI collaboration and how these aspects relate to their emotional attitudes towards this technology. We address this research question by collecting longitudinal data regarding the AI implementation in three companies. We use qualitative coding to identify important aspects of human-AI collaboration from semi-structured interviews conducted at different stages of the AI implementation. Moreover, we use voice analysis to measure the interviewees' emotional state while speaking about different aspects of human-AI collaboration. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence human AI collaboration human computer interaction application programming interface database system

Methods: qualitative interview qualitative coding regression analysis method mixed method longitudinal research

Theories: affective events theory

"Why collaborate? Factors Influencing in Crowdsourcing Ecosystems", by

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Ko, I.; Beimborn, D.

Abstract: studied internal and external factors contributing to collaboration in crowdsou ... Expand

Abstract: studied internal and external factors contributing to collaboration in crowdsourcing ecosystems. Crowdsourcing initiatives in Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museum sectors were analyzed regarding preparedness, challenges, scope, and risks.23 internal and external factors were suggested for platform-based collaboration, including data availability, organizational culture, trust, shared values, social goals, domain expertise, and quality assurance. Collapse

Dark Desires? Using the Theory of Basic Desires to Better Understand Toxic Behavior in Multiplayer Online Games

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Kordyaka, Bastian; Stelter, Aida; Laato, Samuli; Niehaves, Bjoern

Abstract: Within the context of multiplayer online battle arena video games (MOBAs) toxic ... Expand

Abstract: Within the context of multiplayer online battle arena video games (MOBAs) toxic behavior (TB) remains a complex and yet unsolved socio-technological challenge. While significant work has been done recently, there is a lack of theory-guided approaches for curbing TB. In this work, we test the motivational theory of basic desires for explaining the occurrence of TB. For this, we used a survey approach and collected a sample consisting of players of the successful MOBAs League of Legends and Dota 2 (n = 308). Using a PCA, results indicate two underlying factors of the 16 basic desires (i.e., physiological and social factors). Consequently, both factors hold the potential to explain TB. In addition, the predisposition age showed a significant influence on TB in our sample. These findings highlight the 16 basic desires as a promising frame for understanding the antecedents of TB. Collapse

Topics: personality online game video game crowdsourcing

Methods: principal component analysis data transformation regression analysis method survey self reported survey

Theories: motivation theory