Managing Uncertainty: An Experiment on Delegation and Team Selection

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Hamman, John R.; Martínez-Carrasco, Miguel A.

Abstract: We study how organizations use team selection and delegation of authority jointl ... Expand

Abstract: We study how organizations use team selection and delegation of authority jointly to navigate uncertain environments. To do so, we model a managerial decision environment in which a manager both determines the skill heterogeneity of the workers and determines whether to retain or delegate the ability to allocate tasks. Delegation enables better-informed workers to allocate tasks more efficiently when uncertainty is high relative to the incentive conflict between manager and worker. Our novel approach allows us to illustrate that this conflict is endogenously determined by the team selection decision. Experimental data support—although not globally—the direction of our theoretical hypotheses and offer insight into how and why choices deviate from expected behavior. Notably, we identify behavioral characteristics that aid decisions along each dimension. Deliberative thinking improves all decisions under low uncertainty and improves team selection regardless of the level of uncertainty. Risk tolerance improves all decisions in highly uncertain situations and helps managers optimally delegate decision rights in all settings. The results highlight potentially costly ways in which managers seek to simplify their decisions but show how deliberative thinking and risk tolerance can improve performance in a complementary manner.History: This paper has been accepted for the Organization Science Special Issue on Experiments in Organizational Theory.Funding: The authors thank Florida State University and the Barcelona Graduate School of Economics for financial support.Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.1545. Collapse

Topics: organization structure environmental uncertainty data quality decision making task interdependence

Methods: experiment regression analysis method logistic regression descriptive statistic parametric test

Theories: organizational theory transaction cost economics agency theory theory of bounded rationality

IoT and Wearable Devices-Enhanced Information Provision of AR Glasses: A Multi-Modal Analysis in Aviation Industry

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Han, Xuewen; Li, Ting; Xu, Sean Xin; Yang, Zherui; Yin, Zhitao; Zhang, Kunpeng

Abstract: While Augmented Reality (AR) glasses are now instrumental in industries for del ... Expand

Abstract: While Augmented Reality (AR) glasses are now instrumental in industries for delivering work-related information, the current one-size-fits-all information provision of AR glasses fails to cater to diverse workers' needs and environmental conditions. We propose a framework for harnessing Internet of thing (IoT) and wearable technology to improve the adaptability and customization of information provision by AR. As a preliminary exploration, this short paper develops a multi-modal data processing system for work performance classification in the aviation industry. Using machine learning algorithms for multi-modal feature extraction and classifier construction, this framework provides a more objective and consistent evaluation of work performance compared to singlemodal approaches. The proposed analytics architecture can provide valuable insights for other industries struggling to implement IoT and mixed reality. Collapse

Topics: smart wearable device mobile system internet of things individual characteristic ergonomics

Methods: oculometry machine learning support vector machine lasso regression robustness check

A Needs-Affordances-Satisfaction Perspective on the Use of Connected Objects

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Hanelt, André; Marz, David; Matt, Christian

Abstract: ... Expand

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Topics: affordance smartphone digital product usability technology adoption

Methods: survey partial least squares regression theory development structural equation modeling design artifact

Theories: theory of affordance self determination theory theory of planned behavior technology acceptance model

GDPR Privacy Type Clustering: Motivational Factors for Consumer Data Sharing

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 7

Authors: Hanneke, Björn; Baum, Lorenz; Hinz, Oliver

Abstract: The GDPR introduced restrictive privacy-preserving measures, affecting the dail ... Expand

Abstract: The GDPR introduced restrictive privacy-preserving measures, affecting the daily life of (online) consumers. Moreover, literature shows that privacy preferences are constantly evolving. This is the first study introducing a GDPR exercising-oriented approach to identify consumer privacy types. Based on a representative sample of the German online population, we cluster consumers according to their privacy importance ("intention to act") and GDPR knowledge ("ability to act") and derive four consumer privacy type clusters: fundamentalists, amateurs, pragmatists, and unconcerned. We investigate motivational factors for changing privacy settings and find significant differences between consumers' intentions and actions for selected factors. This provides evidence for the privacy paradox. Contrarily, intentions and actions align for other factors, which supports the hypothesis that actionbased consent might lower the privacy paradox. Finally, we suggest the development of standardized scales and corresponding clustering methodologies for consumer privacy type clustering to increase comparability over time and across populations. Collapse

Topics: privacy legal context General Data Protection Regulation privacy behavior advertising management

Methods: cluster analysis survey archival research k-means clustering survey design

Consumer Preferences for Privacy Management Systems

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Hanneke, Björn; Baum, Lorenz; Schlereth, Christian; Hinz, Oliver

Abstract: This work presents insights into consumer preferences regarding Privacy Managem ... Expand

Abstract: This work presents insights into consumer preferences regarding Privacy ManagementSystems in the context of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The authors perform a Choice-Based Conjoint experiment with consumers (n = 589) to elicit preferences over four attributes and compute usage likelihoods for all product configurations. Results show that data sharing for marketing purposes and discounts are the most important attributes for consumers. Furthermore, consumers prefer digital access to privacy-related information, detailed rights management for data sharing and no data sharing for marketing purposes. Moreover, a cluster analysis reveals differing importance weights across clusters. The study concludes that incorporating consumer preferences into the design and development process of Privacy Management Systems could increase their use and effectiveness, ultimately strengthening consumers' privacy rights and companies' legal compliance. The authors suggest researching legal, business, and consumer requirements more holistically to converge these perspectives to improve Privacy Management Systems adoptions. Collapse

Topics: privacy legal context General Data Protection Regulation marketing management digital dashboard

Methods: experiment cluster analysis survey literature study computational algorithm

What Factors Affect the Elderly’s Adoption of Digital Technologies for Daily Life and Health Management: A UTAUT Study

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Hao, Haijing; Garfield, Monica

Abstract: In 2021, 30% (97.6 million) of the U.S. population were 55 years or older, and ... Expand

Abstract: In 2021, 30% (97.6 million) of the U.S. population were 55 years or older, and this number will keep growing. This segment of the U.S. population has been hit the hardest by the COVID-19 pandemic which has led to an increase in their social and physical isolation. One way that people have coped with such isolation is to rely on digital technologies to connect with others and maintain daily life activities, and even manage their chronic health conditions. However, little research has focused on how the elderly use digital technologies in their daily life and managing their chronic health issues. The present study utilizes the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework to examine which factors affect the acceptance of digital technology and chronic health management application by seniors in the U.S. Collapse

Topics: information system use technology adoption data quality

Methods: survey pilot survey

Theories: unified theory of acceptance and use of technology

NOTION OF EXPLAINABLE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE - AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION FROM A USER'S PERSPECTIVE

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Haque, Bahalul; Islam, Najmul; Mikalef, Patrick

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Topics: recommender system explainable artificial intelligence user requirement artificial intelligence website

Methods: qualitative interview qualitative content analysis focus group group interview computational algorithm

The Recursive Theory of Knowledge Augmentation: Integrating human intuition and knowledge in Artificial Intelligence to augment organizational knowledge

2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0

Authors: Harfouche, Antoine; Quinio, Bernard; Saba, Mario; Saba, Peter Bou

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) has increased the ability of organizations to accum ... Expand

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) has increased the ability of organizations to accumulate tacit and explicit knowledge to inform management decision-making. Despite the hype and popularity of AI, there is a noticeable scarcity of research focusing on AI's potential role in enriching and augmenting organizational knowledge. This paper develops a recursive theory of knowledge augmentation in organizations (the KAM model) based on a synthesis of extant literature and a four-year revised canonical action research project. The project aimed to design and implement a human-centric AI (called Project) to solve the lack of integration of tacit and explicit knowledge in a scientific research center (SRC). To explore the patterns of knowledge augmentation in organizations, this study extends Nonaka's SECI (socialization, externalization, combination, and internalization) model by incorporating the human-in-the-loop Informed Artificial Intelligence (IAI) approach. The proposed design offers the possibility to integrate experts' intuition and domain knowledge in AI in an explainable way. The findings show that organizational knowledge can be augmented through a recursive process enabled by the design and implementation of human-in-the-loop IAI. The study has important implications for research and practice. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence organizational memory explicit knowledge human in the loop human computer interaction

Methods: computational algorithm action research qualitative interview participant observation statistical hypothesis test

Theories: SECI model of knowledge dimensions organizational knowledge creation

Black-box Models’ Explainability: A Theoretical and Practical Perspective

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: He, Yuanqi; Gu, Bin; Li, Chunxiao; Yan, Lingling; Ding, Yanqing

Abstract: The lack of explainability remains a critical challenge to the widespread adopt ... Expand

Abstract: The lack of explainability remains a critical challenge to the widespread adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in many fields. "Understanding brings in trust", while machine-learning models offer superior prediction accuracy, understanding the underlying logic is equally important to foster trust in these models. In this paper, we present eXplainable AI (XAI) as a solution to this challenge. Our research focuses on three key aspects of XAI: mathematics, humanities and social sciences, and practical applications. We demonstrated the feasibility of XAI through the use of artificially-constructed and model-derived ground truth, and verified performances of different XAIs. We also explored three dimensions of explainable consistency and emphasized the significance of human-machine consistency. Finally, we applied our research to a real-world scenario by cooperating with a national bank in China. Our findings highlight that XAI is both mathematically and practically meaningful, but more efforts need to be dedicated to this human-machine communication field. Collapse

Topics: explainable artificial intelligence shapley additive explanation local interpretable model agnostic explanation decision making accounting

Methods: computational algorithm principal component analysis data transformation XGBoost experiment

EMPOWERING PRACTITIONERS: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR VALUE CO-CREATION THROUGH SMART SERVICE INNOVATION METHODOLOGIES

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Heinz, Daniel; Anke, Jürgen

Abstract: Smart services offer great innovation potential by incorporating digital techno ... Expand

Abstract: Smart services offer great innovation potential by incorporating digital technologies into non-digital value-creation processes. As smart service innovation poses significant challenges to organizations, existing research has contributed to understanding and addressing this phenomenon by developing various methods, tools, and processes. Yet, the academic community often still fails to bridge the "last mile" and help practitioners apply this knowledge in their specific application contexts. This article outlines how research can empower practitioners by systematically providing methodological knowledge for smart service innovation. We review and contrast existing methodologies and present a conceptual framework for value co-creation through smart service innovation methodologies. In addition, we identify six essential resource types required in these methodologies and propose emergent research avenues to guide future contributions to smart service innovation research. Collapse

Topics: innovation management value creation participatory design business process innovation digital innovation

Methods: design methodology cross sectional research qualitative content analysis qualitative coding digital trace data