z-Commerce: Designing a Data-Minimizing One-Click Checkout Solution

2023 | DESRIST | Citations: 0

Authors: Ermolaev, Egor; Abellán Álvarez, Iván; Sedlmeir, Johannes; Fridgen, Gilbert

Abstract: E-commerce has grown rapidly over the past years, with prevailing e-commerce pla ... Expand

Abstract: E-commerce has grown rapidly over the past years, with prevailing e-commerce platforms aggregating large amounts of customer data. This practice has several undesirable side effects, such as facilitating profiling that may lead to price discrimination and data feedback loops that can hamper competition. Moreover, data hoarding carries security risks through data breaches and undermines customers’ privacy expectations. On the other hand, convenience aspects and compliance regulation demand the processing and storage of user-related data. To address this tension field, we aim to conceptualize and iteratively refine a data-minimizinig e-commerce platform. Following a design science research approach, we identify design objectives and propose and implement a solution in which stakeholders receive only customer data that is indispensable for their part of the process. Our solution leverages digital identity wallets and general-purpose zero-knowledge proofs (zk-SNARKs). We aim to perform a criteria-based evaluation to assess our artifact’s feasibility and fitness from an interdisciplinary perspective. With our results, we hope to illustrate that combining state-of-the-art cryptographic techniques and an emerging digital identity paradigm allows reaching the user experience of incumbent e-commerce platforms while mitigating the undesirable socio-economic side effects of avoidable data disclosure. Collapse

Topics: electronic commerce privacy user experience open source price discrimination

Methods: qualitative interview design artifact design science literature study business process modeling

Critical Success Factors for AI-driven Smart Energy Services

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Gerlach, Jana; Lier, Sarah; Hoppe, Paul; Breitner, Michael H.

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) can significantly contribute to decentralizing and ... Expand

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) can significantly contribute to decentralizing and digitalizing the energy sector and environmental sustainability. Integrating AI-driven smart energy services (SES), such as energy production forecasting, building energy management, and predictive maintenance, remain in an early phase for plant providers or energy utilities. However, the knowledge regarding key factors determining the design of AI-driven SES is limited in the literature. Therefore, we derive critical success factors (CSFs) for the design of AI-driven SES in a design science research (DSR) approach in connection with the design thinking process. We identified ten CSFs and 31 CSF categories by iteratively combining the knowledge of interviewed AI business experts, scientific literature, and results of AI programming projects with students. Based on this, we developed a further research agenda containing six research demands and direct further research questions. KeywordsArtificial intelligence, energy sector, critical success factors, design thinking, design science research. Research Needs and MotivationAI solutions in the energy sector can be deployed for various tasks, such as energy generation forecasting, demand side management, building energy management, weather forecasting, predictive maintenance, plant and storage management, and energy price forecasting (Li et al. 2022). A forecast for the year 2025 predicts that the AI software market will generate annual revenue of 126 billion US dollars (Omdia 2020). Reasons for the increasing integration are the development of technologies for the collection and storage of big data and the constantly evolving computing power (Haenlein and Kaplan 2019). According to Nishant et al. (2020) AI systems in the energy sector contribute threefold: to task automation, gaining insights from data, e.g., documents, videos, and e-mails, and solving complex problems through computing capabilities. Automation tasks include the automated usage of drones for inspection and safety purposes. Gaining insights from data involves image analysis to provide predictive maintenance for power lines or energy production forecasting for energy planning. Solving complex problems includes planning efficient and multiple usages of battery storage (Nishant et al. 2020;Quest et al. 2022). Therefore, AI solutions, here AIdriven SES, can significantly impact energy efficiency and contribute to environmental sustainability, decarbonization, and decentralization of the energy sector (Antonopoulos et al. 2020;Nishant et al. 2020). Environmental sustainability, one of the three dimensions of sustainable development, concerns climate change and the measures required to quantify and reduce its impacts. Sustainability must be understood as consuming natural resources only so that future generations are not exposed to natural resource depletion (Purvis et al. 2019). Current literature on AI-driven SES addresses AI and Machine Learning (ML) models (Li et al. 2022), application areas and business models (Antonopoulos et al. 2020;Li et al. 2022;Quest et al. 2022), and advantages and disadvantages (Ahmad et al. 2021;Benbya et al. 2020). However, knowledge CSFs for AI-driven Smart Energy Services Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence design thinking critical success factor user interface explainable artificial intelligence

Methods: design methodology qualitative interview literature study personal interview computational algorithm

Accept Me as I Am or See Me Go: A Qualitative Analysis of User Acceptance of Self-Sovereign Identity Applications

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Guggenberger, Tobias; Neubauer, Lena; Stramm, Jan; Völter, Fabiane; Zwede, Till

Abstract: Self-sovereign identity represents a novel phenomenon aiming to innovate how ent ... Expand

Abstract: Self-sovereign identity represents a novel phenomenon aiming to innovate how entities interact with, manage, and prove identity-related information. As with any emerging phenomenon, user acceptance represents a major challenge for the adoption of Self-sovereign identity. Since previous initiatives for digital identity management solutions have not been successfully adopted while at the same time their benefits are largely driven by network effects, user acceptance research is of particular importance for Self-sovereign identity. Therefore, we investigate the user acceptance of Self-sovereign identity by conducting a qualitative interview study. We contribute novel variables to existing theory and offer guidelines for building Self-sovereign identity systems. Collapse

Topics: privacy user acceptance user experience technology adoption data protection

Methods: qualitative interview qualitative content analysis qualitative coding

Theories: TAM2 technology acceptance model

Giving DIAnA More TIME – Guidance for the Design of XAI-Based Medical Decision Support Systems

2023 | DESRIST | Citations: 0

Authors: Bunde, Enrico; Eisenhardt, Daniel; Sonntag, Daniel; Profitlich, Hans-Jürgen; Meske, Christian

Abstract: Future healthcare ecosystems integrating human-centered artificial intelligence ... Expand

Abstract: Future healthcare ecosystems integrating human-centered artificial intelligence (AI) will be indispensable. AI-based healthcare technologies can support diagnosis processes and make healthcare more accessible globally. In this context, we conducted a design science research project intending to introduce design principles for user interfaces (UIs) of explainable AI-based (XAI) medical decision support systems (XAI-based MDSS). We used an archaeological approach to analyze the UI of an existing web-based system in the context of skin lesion classification called DIAnA (Dermatological Images – Analysis and Archiving). One of DIAnA’s unique characteristics is that it should be usable for the stakeholder groups of physicians and patients. We conducted the in-situ analysis with these stakeholders using the think-aloud method and semi-structured interviews. We anchored our interview guide in concepts of the Theory of Interactive Media Effects (TIME), which formulates UI features as causes and user psychology as effects. Based on the results, we derived 20 design requirements and developed nine design principles grounded in TIME for this class of XAI-based MDSS, either associated with the needs of physicians, patients, or both. Regarding evaluation, we first conducted semi-structured interviews with software developers to assess the reusability of our design principles. Afterward, we conducted a survey with user experience/interface designers. The evaluation uncovered that 77% of the participants would adopt the design principles, and 82% would recommend them to colleagues for a suitable project. The findings prove the reusability of the design principles and highlight a positive perception by potential implementers. Collapse

Topics: explainable artificial intelligence artificial intelligence usability user experience user interface

Methods: qualitative interview design principle personal interview cognitive walkthrough survey

Theories: theory of interactive media effects theory of affordance sociotechnical systems theory

Designing Gamification for Sustainable Employee Behavior: Insights on Employee Motivations, Design Features and Gamification Elements

2022 | HICSS | Citations: 2

Authors: Krath, Jeanine; Morschheuser, Benedikt; Von Korflesch, Harald

Abstract: Encouraging sustainable employee behavior is critical for companies in the face ... Expand

Abstract: Encouraging sustainable employee behavior is critical for companies in the face of increasing societal pressure towards sustainability. While gamification has been shown to influence employee behavior effectively, current attempts to design gamification for sustainability in the workplace largely neglect the importance of understanding personal factors and contextual characteristics. This work explores employees' motivations for sustainable behavior and expectations for design features through in-depth interviews with 27 employees from different SMEs. Our results show that many employees tend to be egoistically motivated, suggesting the design of appropriate narratives and individualistic-oriented design features. Employees expected utilitarian, hedonistic, and social design features that primarily serve to support them in achieving personal sustainability goals while highlighting that gamification at work should also integrate seamlessly with existing work routines. We contribute to gamification design research by discussing the particularities of the workplace sustainability context and shedding new light on involving users in gamification design. Collapse

Topics: mobile application gamification participatory design data protection user experience

Methods: qualitative interview qualitative content analysis design methodology design process personal interview

Designing a Framework for Digital KYC Processes Built on Blockchain-Based Self-Sovereign Identity

2022 | Information & Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Schlatt, Vincent; Sedlmeir, Johannes; Feulner, Simon; Urbach, Nils

Abstract: Know your customer (KYC) processes place a great burden on banks, because they a ... Expand

Abstract: Know your customer (KYC) processes place a great burden on banks, because they are costly, inefficient, and inconvenient for customers. While blockchain technology is often mentioned as a potential solution, it is not clear how to use the technology’s advantages without violating data protection regulations and customer privacy. We demonstrate how blockchain-based self-sovereign identity (SSI) can solve the challenges of KYC. We follow a rigorous design science research approach to create a framework that utilizes SSI in the KYC process, deriving nascent design principles that theorize on blockchain’s role for SSI. Collapse

Topics: blockchain privacy identity management distributed ledger technology electronic authentication

Methods: qualitative interview design artifact design science literature study qualitative coding

The Role of Social Cues and Trust in Users’ Private Information Disclosure

2022 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 0

Authors: Zalmanson, Lior; Oestreicher-Singer, Gal; Ecker, Yael

Abstract: Across different domains, websites are incorporating social media features, rend ... Expand

Abstract: Across different domains, websites are incorporating social media features, rendering themselves interactive and community-oriented. This study suggests that these “friendly” websites may indirectly encourage users to disclose private information. To investigate this possibility, we carried out online experiments utilizing a YouTube-like video-browsing platform. This platform provides a realistic and controlled environment in which to study users’ behaviors and perceptions during their first encounter with a website. We show that the presence of social cues on a website (e.g., an environment in which users “like” or rate website content) indirectly affects users’ likelihood of disclosing private information to that website (such as full name, address, and birthdate) by enhancing users’ “social perceptions” of the website (i.e., their perceptions that the website is a place where they can socialize with others). We further show that the presence of social cues is more likely to enhance users’ social perceptions when users are primed to perceive the website as trustworthy, as opposed to untrustworthy (through the presentation of trust cues such as data protection disclaimers). Moreover, we rule out users’ privacy concerns as an alternative mechanism influencing the relationship between social cues and information disclosure. We ground our observations in goal systems and trust theories. Our insights may be beneficial both for managers and for policy makers who seek to safeguard users’ privacy. Collapse

Topics: website data breach information privacy concern privacy social network

Methods: experiment survey Student's t-test parametric test robustness check

Theories: general systems theory trust theory

A Value-based Perspective on User Experience - How Alexa's Value Dispositions Elicit Emotional Responses

2021 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Goernemann, Esther; Spiekermann, Sarah

Abstract: Previous studies of user experiences with Conversational Agents (CAs) have ofte ... Expand

Abstract: Previous studies of user experiences with Conversational Agents (CAs) have often focused on specific use cases and evaluated usability and user expectations. Investigations of users' emotional responses and on the value implications created by CAs have remained rare. We present a qualitative study with 30 participants, using a novel approach of observation that explores emotional responses to the underlying values elicited or harmed by the CA. Particularly, we report on the emotional responses to 37 unique values, which are involved when users perceive and interact with CAs or consider the social implications of CA usage. We found that harms of artefact-based values often continuously provoke anger and frustration. In contrast, our findings indicate that technology is particularly joyful when it fosters human values outside of central functionalities, such as community, autonomy, friendship, playfulness and humour. Manifestations of such person-based values can sustainably foster users' personal growth, self-confidence and social relationships. Collapse

Topics: user experience usability Airbnb smart speaker data protection

Methods: focus group qualitative interview design artifact card sorting survey

Theories: prototype theory

The Students’ View on IT-Support Chatbots at Universities - A Case-based Pilot Study

2020 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Meyer von Wolff, Raphael; Heuzeroth, Tammo; Hobert, Sebastian; Schumann, Matthias

Abstract: Recently, chatbots are widely used in many different scenarios. Mostly driven t ... Expand

Abstract: Recently, chatbots are widely used in many different scenarios. Mostly driven through business cases, they are applied in information acquisition or first-level support scenarios. As more and more researchers try to leverage the potentials in university settings, research lacks become apparent. Especially the basic attitude and assessment of future users for this type of support channel are lacking. Therefore, we conducted a casebased pilot study for IT-support chatbots at a German university with 93 students. The results (1) show a general positive attitude of the users towards chatbots, and (2) point out a good fit for chatbots in IT-support scenarios. Furthermore, we also show positive and negative aspects of our prototype together with appropriate improvement potentials. Collapse

Topics: system support user experience knowledge base social network enterprise information system

Methods: chatbot design artifact survey descriptive statistic two sample t-test with equal variance

Nudging users into digital service solutions

2020 | Electronic Markets | Citations: 13

Authors: Schneider, David; Klumpe, Johannes; Adam, Martin; Benlian, Alexander

Abstract: With the ubiquity and prevalence of advanced technologies in society, transactio ... Expand

Abstract: With the ubiquity and prevalence of advanced technologies in society, transactions have become increasingly digital, requiring new user identity verification mechanisms. Electronic identification (eID) enables user identity authorization in online environments. Although eID plays a central role in government initiatives worldwide to digitalize citizen transactions, eID adoption remains surprisingly low. Drawing on digital nudging theory and e-government literature, we examine how eID adoption can be increased by changing the decision environment in which users choose eID. In a controlled experiment with 161 participants, we investigate the effect of default options (eID vs. offline ID as default) and popularity signals (presence vs. absence of social proof) on users’ eID adoption behavior. Both nudges increase eID adoption, but default options are a double-edged sword as they simultaneously fuel privacy concerns towards the government, attenuating the effect of default option on eID adoption. These concerns can be mitigated by adding social proof cues. Collapse

Topics: information privacy concern government system website privacy technology adoption

Methods: experiment mediation analysis survey survey design theory development