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Disentangling Human-AI Hybrids
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2023 | Business & Information Systems Engineering | Citations: 0
Authors: Fabri, Lukas; Häckel, Björn; Oberländer, Anna Maria; Rieg, Marius; Stohr, Alexander

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) offers great potential in organizations. The path t ... Expand

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) offers great potential in organizations. The path to achieving this potential will involve human-AI interworking, as has been confirmed by numerous studies. However, it remains to be explored which direction this interworking of human agents and AI-enabled systems ought to take. To date, research still lacks a holistic understanding of the entangled interworking that characterizes human-AI hybrids, so-called because they form when human agents and AI-enabled systems closely collaborate. To enhance such understanding, this paper presents a taxonomy of human-AI hybrids, developed by reviewing the current literature as well as a sample of 101 human-AI hybrids. Leveraging weak sociomateriality as justificatory knowledge, this study provides a deeper understanding of the entanglement between human agents and AI-enabled systems. Furthermore, a cluster analysis is performed to derive archetypes of human-AI hybrids, identifying ideal–typical occurrences of human-AI hybrids in practice. While the taxonomy creates a solid foundation for the understanding and analysis of human-AI hybrids, the archetypes illustrate the range of roles that AI-enabled systems can play in those interworking scenarios. Collapse

Semantic filters: social practice theory

Topics: artificial intelligence human computer interaction human AI collaboration sensemaking system development method

Methods: cluster analysis qualitative interview design artifact design methodology literature study

Theories: sociomaterialism theory co-evolution theory social practice theory
From Virtual to Physical: An Exploratory Study on how Online Social Networks and Communities Influence Decision-Making in Everyday Crafting

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0
Authors: Lee, L.; Ocepek, M.

Abstract: The popularity of the maker movement has prompted extensive research on how the ... Expand

Abstract: The popularity of the maker movement has prompted extensive research on how the maker spirit enhances learning and redefines entrepreneurism. However, what is left unknown is the dynamic process of making as a hobby and how it may cut across virtual and physical media. To seal this gap, we conducted a qualitative study to investigate how online social networks and communities (OSNCs) may play a role in influencing making-related decisions. We carried out diary studies and semi-structured individual interviews with 25 arts and crafts hobbyists. The findings show that YouTube and Pinterest are the top two mentioned sources to facilitate ideation about what to make. Participants mostly turned to YouTube and Reddit to address problems when getting stuck. We demonstrate the direct and close relationship between tangible making and OSNCs as a multidimensional source, showing how virtual user-generated content can impact everyday hands-on practices. Collapse

Semantic filters: social practice theory

Topics: YouTube decision making social network online community Pinterest

Methods: qualitative interview diary study triangulation personal interview qualitative content analysis

Theories: social practice theory
What Makes Resource Provision an Effective Means of Poverty Alleviation? A Resourcing Perspective
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2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0
Authors: Sutter, Christopher; Bhatt, Babita; Qureshi, Israr

Abstract: Adequately addressing the grand challenge of poverty requires addressing resourc ... Expand

Abstract: Adequately addressing the grand challenge of poverty requires addressing resource scarcity. However, efforts to provide resources as a means of poverty alleviation have met with mixed success. We explore what makes resource provision effective as a means of poverty alleviation. We adopt a resourcing perspective, which focuses on the relationship between potential resources and schemas, or shared understandings, that shape how resources are used. Consistent with prior research, we find that schemas shape how resources are used in practice. However, we also find that who can access the resources is as consequential as how they are used. In exploring this issue, we identify a new category of schemas related not to use but to access, which we refer to as access schemas. We define access schemas as shared understandings regarding who can appropriately access potential resources. We find that different social groups have distinct schemas regarding access, and we identify three mechanisms—precedence, complementarity, and scaffolding—that shape the way that access schemas are enacted in resource-scarce settings. Our study contributes to the literature on grand challenges by clarifying the link between resource provision and resource use. We also contribute to the literature on resourcing by uncovering mechanisms that shape schema enactment in the presence of conflicting access schemas held by different social groups. Funding: This work was supported by the Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee [GRF Grants PolyU 548210 and PolyU 549211], and International Development Research Centre [Doctoral Research Award 107473-99906075-074]. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.1570. Collapse

Semantic filters: social practice theory

Topics: organizational context mobile platform social norm

Methods: qualitative interview archival research field study longitudinal research grounded theory

Theories: social practice theory management theory
From Words to Results: The Role of IS in Bridging the Sustainability Strategy-Implementation Gap

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Wagner, Franziska; Ixmeier, Anne; Kranz, Johann

Abstract: After many years of reluctance and lack of commitment, companies are increasing ... Expand

Abstract: After many years of reluctance and lack of commitment, companies are increasingly prioritizing sustainability and setting ambitious goals. Along with the rise of organizational sustainability strategy (OSS), the role of information systems (IS) in sustainability has increased and become a source of sustainability at the organizational level. Although ever more companies consider sustainability a top priority, they struggle to turn sustainability strategies into practice and observe measurable results. We followed a mixed methods approach combining qualitative interview data (n=13) and quantitative data from a multi-continental industry survey (n=551) to generate an in-depth understanding of the role of IS-enabled sustainability practices in influencing the organizational sustainability strategy-implementation gap. With our study, we demonstrate that IS-enabled sustainability practices mediate the impact of OSS on organizational sustainability performance (OSP) and that these practices are enabled by IS capabilities that are critical to implementing sustainability practices (technology intelligence, data analysis, and digital twinning capability). Collapse

Semantic filters: social practice theory

Topics: information technology capability green IS IT alignment logistics management anonymity

Methods: qualitative interview survey mixed method linear regression analysis mediation analysis

Theories: social practice theory
Criticality and Values in Digital Transformation Research: Insights from a Workshop
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2023 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Zimmer, Markus; Vassilakopoulou, Polyxeni; Grisot, Miria; Niemimaa, Marko

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse

Semantic filters: social practice theory

Topics: digital transformation artificial intelligence information technology infrastructure information system use

Methods: design artifact case study

Theories: social practice theory
POWER DYNAMICS AS EMBEDDED IN THE ENACTMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE PRACTICES

2022 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Alsaedi, Basmah; Newell, Sue; Gkeredakis, Manos

Abstract: Intelligent technologies require special attention due to their increasing pres ... Expand

Abstract: Intelligent technologies require special attention due to their increasing presence and performative influence both in everyday and organisational life. We aim at developing greater insights into how power relations shape the development and use of intelligent technologies. Combined with a 'performative' process view, our research follows a material-discursive view of power by drawing on Michel Foucault's work to emphasise the positive effects of power. We show how technological change initiatives are shaped through complex mechanisms by which discourses constrain as much as enable what actors can say and do. We highlight the push-pull dynamic which lies in iterative and recursive acts of power and resistance involving a range of actors who collectively, albeit inadvertently, change the meanings technological change outcomes perform. Finally, we show that technological initiatives that might initially seem to fail can 'take off' through persistent and positive power effects. Collapse

Semantic filters: social practice theory

Topics: technological change decision making organizational change systems development business intelligence

Methods: qualitative interview single case study field study triangulation theory development

Theories: social practice theory
A text-mining based cyber-risk assessment and mitigation framework for critical analysis of online hacker forums
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2022 | Decision Support Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Biswas, Baidyanath; Mukhopadhyay, Arunabha; Bhattacharjee, Sudip; Kumar, Ajay; Delen, Dursun

Abstract: Online hacker communities are meeting spots for aspiring and seasoned cybercrimi ... Expand

Abstract: Online hacker communities are meeting spots for aspiring and seasoned cybercriminals where they engage in technical discussions, share exploits and relevant hacking tools to be used in launching cyber-attacks on business organizations. Sometimes, the affected organizations can detect these attacks in advance, with the help of cyberthreat intelligence derived from the explicit and implicit features of hacker communication in these forums. Herein, we proposed a novel text-mining based cyber-risk assessment and mitigation framework, which performs the following critical tasks. (i) Cyber-risk Assessment - to identify hacker expertise (i.e., newbie, beginner, inter mediate, and advanced) using explicit and implicit features applying various classification algorithms. Among these features, cybersecurity keywords, sharing of attachments, and sentiments emerged as significant. Further, we found that expert hackers demonstrate leadership in the online forums that eventually serve as communities of practice. Consequently, novice hackers gradually develop their cyber-attack skills through prolonged observa tions, interactions, and external influences in this social learning process. (ii) Cyber-risk mitigation – computes financial impact for every {hacker expertise, attack-type} combination, and then by ranking them on a {likelihood, impact} decision-matrix to prioritize mitigation strategies in affected organizations. Through these novel rec ommendations, our framework can guide managers to decide on appropriate cybersecurity controls using an {expected loss, probability, attack-type, hacker expertise} metric against financial losses due to cyber-attacks. Collapse

Semantic filters: social practice theory

Topics: IT security IT security threat darknet source code logistics management

Methods: classification method sentiment analysis decision tree classification term frequency–inverse document frequency literature study

Theories: social exchange theory social practice theory
Knowledge coordination via digital artefacts in highly dispersed teams
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2022 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 0
Authors: Fang, Yulin; Neufeld, Derrick; Zhang, Xiaojie

Abstract: Virtual teams face the unique challenge of coordinating their knowledge work acr ... Expand

Abstract: Virtual teams face the unique challenge of coordinating their knowledge work across time, space, and people. Information technologies, and digital artefacts in particular, are essential to supporting coordination in highly dispersed teams, yet the extant literature is limited in explaining how such teams produce and reproduce digital artefacts for coordination. This paper describes a qualitative case study that examined the day-to-day practices of two highly dispersed virtual teams, with the initial conceptual lens informed by Carlile's (2004) knowledge management framework. Our observations suggest that knowledge coordination in these highly dispersed virtual teams involves the continuous production and reproduction of digital artefacts (which we refer to as technology practices) through three paired modes: ‘presenting-accessing’ (related to knowledge transfer); ‘representing-adding’ (related to knowledge translation); and ‘moulding-challenging’ (related to knowledge transformation). We also observed an unexpected fourth pair of technology practices, ‘withholding-ignoring,’ that had the effect of delaying certain knowledge coordination processes. Our findings contribute to both the knowledge coordination literature and the practical use of digital artefacts in virtual teams. Future research directions are discussed. Collapse

Semantic filters: social practice theory

Topics: virtual teamwork knowledge management knowledge sharing electronic mail information system use

Methods: design artifact case study qualitative coding qualitative interview conceptual modelling

Theories: boundary objects theory social practice theory
Locating resistance to healthcare information technology: A Bourdieusian analysis of doctors' symbolic capital conservation
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2022 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 3
Authors: Kumar, Mayank; Singh, Jang Bahadur; Chandwani, Rajesh; Gupta, Agam

Abstract: This research examines the socially significant issue of doctors' resistance to ... Expand

Abstract: This research examines the socially significant issue of doctors' resistance to healthcare information technology (HIT) from the radical power perspective. It adopts Bourdieu's social practice theory to examine the interaction of HIT with the reproduction of doctors' historically rooted social standing through the doctor-patient-interaction (D-P-I) practice. Findings from our ethnographic enquiry at a large corporate healthcare organisation in India link doctors' historically rooted social standing to the symbolic recognition of their embodied emotional capital existing in tandem with their habitus. The symbolic recognition of emotional capital provided a better valorisation of clinical capital and allowed the accumulation of other forms of capital—institutionalised capital, social capital and economic capital—that formed doctors' capital structure and contributed to their social status. Doctors produced emotional capital by putting their habitus into practice and, in the process, reproduced its symbolic status and their social status linked to it. HIT challenged doctors to put their habitus into practice, thereby creating a perception of threat to emotional capital. Doctors' HIT resistance was a conservation strategy to reproduce their historically rooted higher social status. Findings from this study contribute to the literature on Power and IT resistance. Collapse

Semantic filters: social practice theory

Topics: systems implementation information system use health information system

Methods: qualitative interview field study ethnography qualitativ observational study theoretical contribution

Theories: social practice theory
Digital strategizing: An assessing review, definition, and research agenda
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2022 | Journal of Strategic Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Morton, Josh; Amrollahi, Alireza; Wilson, Alexander D.

Abstract: This paper provides an assessing review and agenda for research at the ‘nexus’ b ... Expand

Abstract: This paper provides an assessing review and agenda for research at the ‘nexus’ between information systems and strategy practice. The review aims to understand the nature of this connection between the two areas, where information systems scholars strive to understand the everyday work of practitioners in organisations and the impact of digital technologies in strategizing, whilst strategy practice scholars seek a greater understanding of such technologies and their use by strategists. Despite a developing body of work relevant to both information systems and strategy practice, and several editorials calling for ‘synergy’, we still collectively know little about the state of knowledge at the nexus. To address this, our review identifies several constructs that provide linkages between information systems and strategy practice to reveal more about the current state of knowledge and to develop a formal definition for a domain which we call digital strategizing. We conclude by outlining an agenda to encourage and accelerate future research on digital strategizing. Collapse

Semantic filters: social practice theory

Topics: information systems strategy information system use social media absorptive capacity organizational productivity

Methods: literature sample synthesis theory development literature study

Theories: social practice theory

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Found 112 articles

Disentangling Human-AI Hybrids

From Virtual to Physical: An Exploratory Study on how Online Social Networks and Communities Influence Decision-Making in Everyday Crafting

What Makes Resource Provision an Effective Means of Poverty Alleviation? A Resourcing Perspective

From Words to Results: The Role of IS in Bridging the Sustainability Strategy-Implementation Gap

Criticality and Values in Digital Transformation Research: Insights from a Workshop

POWER DYNAMICS AS EMBEDDED IN THE ENACTMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE PRACTICES

A text-mining based cyber-risk assessment and mitigation framework for critical analysis of online hacker forums

Knowledge coordination via digital artefacts in highly dispersed teams

Locating resistance to healthcare information technology: A Bourdieusian analysis of doctors' symbolic capital conservation

Digital strategizing: An assessing review, definition, and research agenda