The Occupational Vision of Information Technology Job Markets

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Seguel, Pedro; Cohen, Lisa; Vaast, Emmanuelle

Abstract: This study introduces the IT Occupation Vision, a new conceptual and methodolog ... Expand

Abstract: This study introduces the IT Occupation Vision, a new conceptual and methodological framework, to examine structural changes in IT occupations. It also highlights the role of industry discourse in shaping those changes. The approach suggests that these occupations are shaped by a latent collective consensus that influences labor market categories. Adapting Relational Class Analysis (RCA), a type of Schematic Class Analysis, the study leverages textual signals from online job advertisements to scrutinize structural changes in IT roles and skill sets. This work bridges Organizing Vision and diffusion literature with the IT workforce, providing insights into the interaction between innovation, skills, and emerging technologies. Unlike the Organizing Vision theory, which is artifact-centric, the IT Occupational Vision focuses on the labor aspects associated with these technological innovations. The study addresses gaps in our understanding of the socio-cognitive aspects of IT occupations, providing valuable insights for policies and practices in evolving labor markets. Collapse

Topics: online labor market IT job IT workforce artificial intelligence IT job market

Theories: schema theory speech act theory

Skipping class: improving human-driven data exploration and querying through instances

2022 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Saghafi, Arash; Wand, Yair; Parsons, Jeffrey

Abstract: With the growing focus on business analytics and data-driven decision-making, th ... Expand

Abstract: With the growing focus on business analytics and data-driven decision-making, there is a greater need for humans to interact effectively with data. We propose that presenting data to human users in terms of instances and attributes provides a more flexible and usable structure for querying, exploring, and analysing data. Compared to a traditional representation, an instance-based representation does not impose any predefined classification schema over the data when it is presented to users. This paper examines the potential utility of instance-based data through two laboratory experiments – the first focusing on exploration of data for pattern discovery (open-ended tasks) and the second on retrieval of information (closed-ended tasks). In both cases, participants were able to achieve better results in tasks using instance-based data than using class-based representations. Given the growing need for self-service analytics, as well as using information for purposes not anticipated when it was collected, we show that instance-based representations can be an effective way to satisfy the emerging needs of information users. Collapse

Topics: database system decision making Tableau software business intelligence information retrieval

Methods: experiment parametric test Student's t-test experimental group data modeling

Theories: schema theory

Just Enough Information? The Contingent Curvilinear Effect of Information Volume on Decision Performance in IS-Enabled Teams

2022 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 0

Authors: Mullins, Jeffrey; Sabherwal, Rajiv

Abstract: Information, which is the critical resource provided by information systems (IS) ... Expand

Abstract: Information, which is the critical resource provided by information systems (IS), is available in increasing volumes due to rapid technological progress. This causes a tension between the cognitive limitations of individuals and their access to large volumes of information. This tension is important not only for individuals but also for teams, which are increasingly making important organizational decisions. Recognizing this tension, this paper investigates the relationship between information volume and decision performance in IS-enabled teams. We use information processing and schema theories to develop a contextualized theoretical model, wherein information volume has a curvilinear (inverted U-shaped) effect on decision performance, and this effect is moderated by three context-relevant attributes of the team members: computer self-efficacy, computer anxiety, and learning goal orientation. We conducted two complementary studies, with similar experimental contexts and procedures but different types of participants and different tasks. In these studies, 236 individuals in 118 dyads (Study 1) and 200 individuals in 60 small teams (Study 2) made decisions over time using an enterprise resource planning system for a competitive virtual firm in a business simulation. We used objective data on system use and decision outcomes, along with survey data, to test the theoretical model. The two complementary studies find consistent results supporting the curvilinear relationship between information volume and decision performance and find that this relationship is flattened by high computer self-efficacy. Study 1 also supports the hypothesized steepening effects of high computer anxiety and learning goal orientation on the curvilinear relationship. Study 2 does not support these effects of computer anxiety and learning goal orientation but highlights some boundary conditions for them. Together, the studies provide insights into how information volume affects decision performance in IS-enabled teams, and how context-relevant team member attributes moderate this relationship and themselves affect decision performance. Collapse

Topics: decision making enterprise resource planning team productivity information system use IT enabled teamwork

Methods: simulation robustness check survey longitudinal research theory development

Theories: schema theory cognitive load theory organizational behavior theory cognitive theory psychological theory

The Effect of Personality Traits and Gender Roles on Consumer Channel Choices

2021 | International Conference on Business Informatics | Citations: 0

Authors: Hummel, Dennis; Vogel, Tobias; Maedche, Alexander

Abstract: With the rise of new technologies, consumers have gained new ways of purchasing ... Expand

Abstract: With the rise of new technologies, consumers have gained new ways of purchasing goods and services through digital channels. A variety of determinants of channel choices have been assessed in previous studies. Still, the role of the individual consumer characteristics (i.e. personality traits and gender roles) in channel choices remains particularly unclear. Yet, better understanding their role would be beneficial to increase the use of digital channels. In this study, we extend an existing decision-making model by adding individual consumer characteristics as antecedents of the model. We test the proposed hypothesis by analyzing data collected in a lab experiment. We find that certain personality traits and gender roles have a significant effect in the extended model of channel choices. Practitioners can use this knowledge to adapt digital channels to their target groups by addressing personality-specific concerns or motivators. Collapse

Topics: personality decision making online banking internet technology information system use

Methods: structural equation modeling survey experiment laboratory experiment descriptive statistic

Theories: schema theory

The gamification of in-game advertising: Examining the role of psychological ownership and advertisement intrusiveness

2021 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Mishra, Sita; Malhotra, Gunjan

Abstract: Gamification on the mobile platform through the concept of online games has the ... Expand

Abstract: Gamification on the mobile platform through the concept of online games has the potential to create unprece­ dented engagement with customers. With the growth in the gamification market due to the increase in internet penetration and the number of mobile devices, it has become one of the potential channels to reach and influence young consumers who spend more time on gaming. There is a shortage of empirical evidence on the impact of gamification on online consumer decisions. This study uses ‘psychological ownership theory’ and ‘schema the­ ory’ to examine the effects of gameful experience (GFUL) on the attitudes of online gamers (N = 326). Data were analyzed using AMOS 25 and Process Macro for SPSS. The analytical results indicated that GFUL is mediated through both the intervening variables (perceived in-game advertisement effectiveness and psychological ownership), which positively influence gamers’ attitudes towards the game and in-game advertising. Further, the study investigated the impact of in-game advertisement intrusiveness. Based on the research findings, this study proposed the theoretical and managerial implications. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence psychological ownership gamification advertising management online game

Methods: survey mediation analysis moderation analysis descriptive statistic literature study

Theories: schema theory

Are Anthropomorphic Intelligent Agents More Intelligent?

2020 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Haas, Christopher; Moussawi, Sara

Abstract: As the usage of intelligent agents increases, understanding end-user perception ... Expand

Abstract: As the usage of intelligent agents increases, understanding end-user perceptions becomes necessary to enhance human-computer interactions. While perceived anthropomorphism and perceived intelligence have been studied previously, there has not been any direct research showing the effect perceived anthropomorphism has on the end-user's perception of intelligence. The focus of this paper is to measure how the perceived intelligence of an intelligent agent changes due to different levels of congruency between the agent and the human category schema. The results of this proposed research could help designers choose anthropomorphic features that can increase users' perceived intelligence of intelligent agents. Collapse

Topics: personality

Methods: parametric test ANOVA theory development experiment

Theories: schema theory

Do we Fully Understand Information Systems Failure? An Exploratory Study of the Cognitive Schema of IS Professionals

2019 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0

Authors: Kim, Jong Uk; Kishore, Rajiv

Abstract: Knowledge about the cognitive schema of IS professionals with respect to IS fail ... Expand

Abstract: Knowledge about the cognitive schema of IS professionals with respect to IS failure is crucial but lacking in the IS literature. To fill this gap, we conducted an exploratory study in which 86 experienced IS professionals categorized a comprehensive set of 70 IS failure risk items into failure clusters that they ranked in the order of their expected organizational impact. These data were analyzed using the MDSORT procedure. Findings indicate that IS professionals do not treat causes and effects as separate failure constructs but rather combine a set of related causes and effect into a single IS failure rule. Through successive refinement, a stable, reliable, and parsimonious IS failure rule schema was developed that consists of six IS failure rules. We also developed specific change agent behaviors that IS professionals can enact, or expect to be enacted by relevant other IS professionals, with respect to each of the six IS failure rules to mitigate failure risk and reduce IS failure. Collapse

Topics: IS failure IT workforce software developer IS success data quality

Methods: Wilcoxon signed-rank test literature study multidimensional scaling structural equation modeling Mann Whitney U test

Theories: information systems success model agency theory transaction cost economics schema theory sociomaterialism theory

Emergent Leadership Structures in Informal Groups: A Dynamic, Cognitively Informed Network Model

2018 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Carnabuci, Gianluca; Emery, Cécile; Brinberg, David

Abstract: This paper advances novel theory and evidence on the emergence of informal lead ... Expand

Abstract: This paper advances novel theory and evidence on the emergence of informal leadership networks in groups that feature no formally designated leaders or authority hierarchies. Integrating insights from relational schema and network theory, we develop and empirically test a 3-step process model. The model's first hypothesis is that people use a "linear-ordering schema" to process information about leadership relations. Taking this hypothesis as a premise, the second hypothesis argues that whenever an individual experiences a particular leadership attribution to be inconsistent with the linear-ordering schema, s/he will tend to reduce the ensuing cognitive inconsistency by modifying that leadership attribution. Finally, the third hypothesis builds on this inconsistency-reduction mechanism to derive implications about a set of network-structural features (asymmetry, a-cyclicity, transitivity, popularity, and inverse-popularity) that are predicted to endogenously emerge as a group's informal leadership network evolves. We find broad support for our proposed theoretical model using a multi-method, multi-study approach combining experimental and empirical data. Our study contributes to the organizational literature by illuminating a socio-cognitive dynamics underpinning the evolution of informal leadership structures in groups where formal authority plays a limited role. Collapse

Topics: social network

Methods: business process modeling mixed method experiment statistical hypothesis test theory development

Theories: social network theory management theory schema theory cognitive theory

Perceived information transparency in B2C e-commerce: An empirical investigation

2018 | Information & Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Zhou, Liying; Wang, Weiquan; Xu, Jingjun (David); Liu, Tao; Gu, Jibao

Abstract: Consumers abandon their online purchases at an e-commerce website partly due to ... Expand

Abstract: Consumers abandon their online purchases at an e-commerce website partly due to the lack of information transparency of the website. We identify the antecedents of consumers’ perceived information transparency of an e-commerce website and its effects on consumers’ online purchase intention. We collected data through a scenario-based survey conducted in a laboratory setting. We found that (1) product transparency, vendor transparency, and transaction transparency significantly influence perceived information transparency; (2) perceived information transparency significantly increases consumers’ online purchase intention; and (3) perceived risk partially mediates the effects of perceived information transparency on purchase intention. Collapse

Topics: electronic commerce website business-to-consumer privacy behavioral intention

Methods: survey partial least squares regression theory development longitudinal research psychometrics

Theories: lemon market theory agency theory schema theory marketing theory

Querying Instances – A Protocol Analysis Study

2016 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Saghafi, Arash; Wand, Yair; Parsons, Jeffrey

Abstract: The instance-based paradigm – introduced as an alternative to traditional class- ... Expand

Abstract: The instance-based paradigm – introduced as an alternative to traditional class-based database management methods – does not require imposing a well-defined schema over data, nor does it entail central control and planning. As a consequence, it supports information requirements agility, enables collection of higher quality data, and reduces the schema and database operation problems associated with traditional methods. This study investigates the ability of content-consumers to use instancebased representations effectively for information retrieval purposes. A visual representation of the instance-based data was created and empirically evaluated with 12 subjects using protocol analysis. Results show that instance-based users were able to retrieve the required information more accurately compared to users of the traditional representation. From a cognitive point of view, instance-based users were more efficient than class-based users – they experienced fewer breakdowns in their problem solving process and, when breakdowns occurred, were more successful in recovering from them. Collapse

Topics: database system information retrieval business process management usability

Methods: protocol analysis experiment design science data modeling business process modeling

Theories: schema theory schemata theory