Public Opinion and Impression Management in the Communication of Performance During the Second Iraq War

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Audia, Pino G.; Rousseau, Horacio E.; Stimmler, Mary Kate

Abstract: Although studies show that organizations engaged in controversial actions often ... Expand

Abstract: Although studies show that organizations engaged in controversial actions often aim to minimize the release of threatening information, scholars know relatively little about what may prompt organizations to increase transparency in these situations. In this study, we focus on support from public opinion as a condition that may influence the disclosure of sensitive performance information to the public. Using the second Iraq War as an empirical context, we focus on the extent to which public officials—Pentagon spokespersons—release and frame information about war performance. This outcome is critical because the way in which organizations communicate their performance to outsiders has often been regarded as a key defensive impression management tactic. We hypothesize that high public support for the war will increase the likelihood that Pentagon officials release information about sensitive combat performance indicators in their press briefings and identify contingencies, such as adversity and organizational spokespersons’ power, that moderate this relationship. We also explore whether high public support decreases the strategic use of alternate performance frames that emphasize metrics that signal progress toward a desirable end state. Using a unique data set based on the coding of press briefings, public opinion data, and other public sources, we find support for several of our hypotheses. We discuss implications for understanding the relationship between public opinion and impression management and highlight the importance of extending this research to nongovernmental organizations. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1598. Collapse

Topics: armed conflict organization structure website database system terrorist incident

Methods: logistic regression descriptive statistic statistical hypothesis test regression analysis method theory development

Theories: accountability theory

‘What a waste of time’: An examination of cybersecurity legitimacy

2023 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 0

Authors: Cram, W. Alec; D'Arcy, John

Abstract: Managers who oversee cybersecurity policies commonly rely on managerial encourag ... Expand

Abstract: Managers who oversee cybersecurity policies commonly rely on managerial encouragement (e.g., rewards) and employee characteristics (e.g., attitude) to drive compliant behaviour. However, whereas some cybersecurity initiatives are perceived as reasonable by employees, others are viewed as a ‘waste of time’. This research introduces employee judgements of cybersecurity legitimacy as a new angle for understanding employee compliance with cybersecurity policies over time. Drawing on theory from the organisational legitimacy and cybersecurity literature, we conduct a three-wave survey of 529 employees and find that, for each separate wave, negative legitimacy judgements mediate the relationship between management support and compliance, as well as between cybersecurity inconvenience and compliance. Our results provide support for cybersecurity legitimacy as an important influence on employee compliance with cybersecurity initiatives. This is significant because it highlights to managers the importance of not simply expecting compliant employee behaviour to follow from the introduction of cybersecurity initiatives, but that employees need to be convinced that the initiatives are fair and reasonable. Interestingly, we did not find sufficient support for our expectation that the increased likelihood of a cybersecurity incident will moderate the legitimacy-policy compliance relationship. This result suggests that the legitimacy perceptions of employees are unyielding to differences in the risk characteristics of the cybersecurity incidents facing organisations. Collapse

Topics: IT security top management support cybersecurity behavior pandemic privacy

Methods: survey SEM tool structural equation modeling survey design confirmatory factor analysis

Theories: fairness theory organizational behavior theory

How “What you think you know about cybersecurity” can help users make more secure decisions

2023 | Information & Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Fard Bahreini, Amir; Cavusoglu, Hasan; Cenfetelli, Ronald T.

Abstract: The increasing use of information technology artifacts in daily life makes secur ... Expand

Abstract: The increasing use of information technology artifacts in daily life makes security a shared responsibility of both users and companies. In recent years, increasing a user’s objective (i.e., actual) security knowledge and providing applications with more secure default settings appear among the most ubiquitous tools companies use to broaden their efforts to help users make more secure decisions. Examining both solutions matters because they are widely used, cost effective, and understood by many security practitioners. Additionally, default settings and users’ objective knowledge provide anchors for decision-making. However, human errors and insecure default settings are increasing and raising further questions about the efficacy of such efforts. Using the theory of bounded ra­ tionality, we investigated the role of objective, subjective (i.e., self-assessed) security knowledge, and default settings security level on the overall decision security. We found that objective security knowledge can lead to secure decisions when paired with high subjective security knowledge. In the absence of the latter, objective security knowledge is unable to lead to better security decisions. Furthermore, subjective security knowledge reduces the extent to which users fully accept default security settings, thereby mitigating bias toward insecure default settings. Collapse

Topics: mobile application data security decision making self efficacy mobile application market

Methods: survey descriptive statistic structural equation modeling literature study post-hoc analysis

Theories: theory of bounded rationality

SHORT DIGITAL STRESS SCALE - PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES AND CROSS-CULTURAL VALIDATION

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Funke, Christopher; Rothert-Schnell, Caroline; Walsh, Gianfranco; Mangiò, Federico; Pedeliento, Giuseppe; Takahashi, Ikuo

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse

Topics: decision support system social media cross cultural research crowdsourcing

Methods: factor analysis psychometrics confirmatory factor analysis descriptive statistic data transformation

An empirical study of community cohesiveness, community attachment, and their roles in virtual community participation

2023 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 2

Authors: Kim, Dan J.; Salvacion, Mark; Salehan, Mohammad; Kim, Dae Wan

Abstract: Although active participation of members is a critical success factor for virtua ... Expand

Abstract: Although active participation of members is a critical success factor for virtual communities, few members actively participate in activities in virtual communities (e.g., posting, commenting, sharing, etc.). This study explores the differences between passive and active community participation from community cohesiveness and community attachment perspectives. Drawing upon a context-specific cohesiveness-attachment-participation framework based on cognition-affection-conation traits of human psychology, we propose a research model and empirically test the roles of community cohesiveness and attachment in virtual community participation. The results suggest that community members’ active participation is positively influenced by both community cohesiveness and community attachment. Visitation, as the passive mode of participation, is influenced by community attachment only. The findings not only inspire future IS research to consider community cohesiveness, attachment, and participation as vital research constructs in other social contexts, but it also helps managers build managerial actions, such as prioritising their limited business resources to increase community members’ active participation, for the success of virtual communities. Collapse

Topics: online community Facebook social network Twitter YouTube

Methods: survey partial least squares path modeling PLS tool survey design statistical hypothesis test

Following too much on Facebook brand page: A concept of brand overload and its validation

2023 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Lin, Xiaolin; Wang, Xuequn

Abstract: As consumers increasingly engage in online brand communities, the demand of bran ... Expand

Abstract: As consumers increasingly engage in online brand communities, the demand of brand-related activities (e.g., finding relevant product information and sharing product information) also increases. Consumers may feel overwhelmed by these brand-related activities. To provide an understanding of this phenomenon, we concep­ tualize it as brand overload and then empirically examine its antecedents and consequences based upon the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) framework in the context of online brand community. Using two rounds of surveys to collect data from 409 American consumers, our results show that consumer-generated content and social interaction quality are the primary drivers of information and social overload. Consumer-generated content quality has a quadratic effect on information overload following an inverted U shape. Social interac­ tion quality also significantly affects social overload following an inverted U-shaped relationship. Information and social overload are both positively related to brand overload, which in turn leads to brand disloyalty as the negative consequence. In addition, to supplement the quantitative study, a qualitative study was used to test and substantiate the proposed research model. With its mixed-method design, our study contributes to the literature by proposing the concept of brand overload and empirically investigating its antecedents and consequences from the SOR perspective. Practically, our study delivers insights for companies on how to use online brand com­ munities strategically and efficiently to avoid negative impacts. Collapse

Topics: information overload social media Facebook information exchange system quality

Methods: survey mixed method post-hoc analysis qualitative interview chi squared test

Artificial Intelligence, CEO Turnover, and Directional Change in Firm Innovation

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Lou, Bowen; Ma, Xinyu; Wu, Lynn

Abstract: We examine the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in facilitating a change in ... Expand

Abstract: We examine the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in facilitating a change in innovation directions after a leadership change. Using patent data for firms that have gone through a CEO turnover, we find that firms with greater AI investment are more successful in changing their innovation directions. The effect of AI is driven principally by the continued development of innovation in areas that are modestly different from the past. Further analyses show that this effect is likely due to firms with AI investment that can enable strategic change in cultivating culture of exploring frontiers in innovation and managing R&D. A new CEO can direct more resources to the acquisition of employees with greater technological capabilities such as AI skills to facilitate the innovation change. Overall, our study sheds light on the value of AI in fostering the change in innovation directions during uncertain and turbulent times. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence innovation management research and development online labor market IT skill

Methods: machine learning instrumental variables estimation scale validation Compustat experimental group

DESIGNING A PROCEDURE MODEL TO DEVELOP A PRESCRIPTIVE MATURITY MODEL

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Meierkort, Luis; Hellweg, Frauke; Hellingrath, Bernd

Abstract: The digital transformation of supply chains is an important yet challenging end ... Expand

Abstract: The digital transformation of supply chains is an important yet challenging endeavor for many companies. Prescriptive maturity models are tools that can offer valuable guidance and support. However, no prescriptive maturity models in this field of research nor a process for their development can be identified in the literature. Therefore, this paper describes the design of a procedure model to develop a prescriptive maturity model based on design science research and a systematic literature review. Furthermore, the procedure model is initially tested by applying it to develop a prescriptive maturity model using the digital transformation of supply chains as an exemplary field of application. The results are evaluated based on expert interviews with four companies, leading to generally positive feedback. However, as the evaluation of the procedure model is preliminary, limitations and future paths to improve this work are discussed. Collapse

Topics: supply chain management digital transformation

Methods: maturity model design science qualitative interview structured literature research personal interview

How the Perception of Agile Software Development Affects Beta Users’ Stress and Satisfaction

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Obermueller, Moritz; Eckhardt, Andreas; Reibenspiess, Victoria; Blossey, Gregor; Kollmer, Tim

Abstract: Agile software development has been shown to alleviate stress and improve satisf ... Expand

Abstract: Agile software development has been shown to alleviate stress and improve satisfaction levels in development teams. Since this development approach relies on strong user involvement, these effects might carry over to the users themselves. If users have a positive perception of the agile approach, they might be more receptive to the produced software. However, users are rarely aware of the underlying development methodology and are, therefore, only partly affected by it. Hence, this study develops a new construct to measure users’ perception of the development methodology and to investigate the effects on technostress and user satisfaction. A survey with 117 beta users was conducted showing that perceiving a development process as agile lowers users’ technostress and elevates their satisfaction levels. Our Results highlight the essential role of user communication in the development phase. We discuss our implications for theory and practice, and conclude with promising future research avenues. Collapse

Topics: technostress user satisfaction IT job insecurity system development method systems development

Methods: survey design methodology structural equation modeling descriptive statistic qualitative interview

Delays Impair Learning and Can Drive Convergence to Inefficient Strategies

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Rahmandad, Hazhir; Gary, Michael Shayne

Abstract: With so many possible choices, why do managers adopt the strategies they do? We ... Expand

Abstract: With so many possible choices, why do managers adopt the strategies they do? We identify delays between adopting a strategy and observing the full implications of that choice as a critical factor influencing strategic choices. Using a simulation of a service firm, we conduct two behavioral experiments to investigate how delays interact with outcome uncertainty to shape learning, strategy adaptation, and performance outcomes. Two mechanisms emerge from how different subject groups perceive, react to, and learn in the presence of delayed feedback and uncertainty. First, when multiple viable strategies exist, longer delays lead both general participants and experienced managers toward alternatives that have rapid returns. When those alternatives are suboptimal, delays may strengthen convergence to inefficient strategies. Second, delays and uncertainty may also induce learners to persist with their a priori strategies. Managers show larger confidence in their priors and thus underperform general participants when the underlying task structure diverges from those priors. Both mechanisms can undermine performance. Moreover, delays and uncertainty may reduce heterogeneity in strategies and performance in more dynamic, uncertain environments, leading to convergence as tasks grow more complex and where decision makers possess similar priors.History: This paper has been accepted for the Organization Science Special Issue on Experiments in Organizational Theory.Funding: Funding from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and UNSW Business School supported this research.Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2020.1405. Collapse

Topics: human resource management decision making social influence advertising management

Methods: experiment simulation statistical power analysis statistical hypothesis test experimental task

Theories: behavioral theory