Maintaining or Altering the Status Quo in the Nonmarket Arena: Theory and Evidence from Government Contract Disputes

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Abdurakhmonov, Mirzokhidjon; Hasija, Dinesh; Ridge, Jason W.; Hill, Aaron D.

Abstract: We develop a theory that considers important differences in competition in the p ... Expand

Abstract: We develop a theory that considers important differences in competition in the political arena based on whether firms are attempting to maintain or alter the status quo. Particularly, we argue that although investing resources and time to build relationships with politicians and government officials fosters trust, solidarity, and reciprocity, likely producing desired outcomes for both firms attempting to maintain the status quo and those trying to alter it, such relationships are more strongly positive for firms maintaining the status quo. As the effectiveness of relational strategies may differ based on firms’ political strategies and firm characteristics, we then theorize that the effects of a more relational approach on ”winning” these desired outcomes for firms seeking to maintain or alter the status quo will be moderated by (1) prior targeting in the political arena where the competition unfolds and (2) a firm’s social reputation. Specifically, we argue that knowledge and relationships from prior targeting in a political domain where competition unfolds, and a firm’s better social reputation will strengthen the effect of a more relational approach on securing desired outcomes for both firms seeking to maintain and alter the status quo. We expect the moderating effect for a firm’s targeting and social reputation will be stronger for firms seeking to maintain the status quo compared with firms seeking to alter the status quo. Our study contributes to corporate political activity literature and notably to the research on political markets by advancing a more nuanced but realistic understanding of interfirm rivalry for governmental outcomes. Collapse

Topics: resource allocation database system competitive advantage legal context anonymity

Methods: theory development statistical hypothesis test chi squared test cluster analysis Compustat

Theories: resource based view of the firm

Value Implications of Sourcing Electronic Health Records: The Role of Physician Practice Integration

2023 | Information Systems Research | Citations: 0

Authors: Bardhan, Indranil R.; Bao, Chenzhang; Ayabakan, Sezgin

Abstract: Should hospitals source electronic health records (EHR) systems from a single ve ... Expand

Abstract: Should hospitals source electronic health records (EHR) systems from a single vendor or multiple vendors to deliver high-value care? We study hospitals’ EHR sourcing strategies based on their degree of integration with physician practices and its impact on the value of healthcare delivered. We propose a novel framework to define healthcare value as the extent to which a hospital effectively expends clinical resources to deliver services that improve patient outcomes. Drawing on modular systems and transaction cost economics theories, we propose a moderated-mediation model that explores the pathways through which EHR sourcing strategies can create value in healthcare. We test our research hypotheses on a large, longitudinal sample of U.S. hospitals and observe that hospitals with EHR configurations closer to single sourcing strategies exhibit greater health information sharing compared with hospitals with multisourced EHR systems. Furthermore, we find that hospital-physician practice integration moderates the impact of single sourcing on health information sharing, which in turn, improves value. Specifically, tighter integration between hospitals and physician practices can create greater value if it is aligned with hospitals’ EHR sourcing strategies. As the healthcare industry moves toward value-based payment reform, our findings provide a useful roadmap to practitioners and policy makers to improve the performance of hospitals and healthcare providers. History: Rajiv Kohli, Senior Editor; Sunil Wattal, Associate Editor. Funding: I.R. Bardhan thanks the Foster Parker Centennial Professorship and the Dean’s Research Excellence Grant at the McCombs School of Business at UT Austin for generous financial support. C. Bao thanks the Spears Fellowship at Oklahoma State University for financial support. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2022.1183. Collapse

Topics: information exchange healthcare data health information system accounting database system

Methods: longitudinal research survey robustness check econometric modeling design artifact

Theories: transaction cost economics general systems theory institutional theory

Attention to Digital Innovation: Exploring the Impact of a Chief Information Officer in the Top Management Team

2023 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 0

Authors: Bendig, David; Wagner, Robin; Piening, Erk; Foege, Johann

Abstract: We draw on the attention-based view of the firm to examine whether and when the ... Expand

Abstract: We draw on the attention-based view of the firm to examine whether and when the presence of a CIO in the TMT has a positive effect on both firms' ideated digital innovation (IDI) (i.e., the intensity of firms' digital patenting activity) and commercialized digital innovation (CDI) (i.e., the digital sophistication of firms' new products). Building on the idea that attention processes are context dependent, we also explore the moderating roles of CEO characteristics (IT background and role tenure) as well as environmental characteristics (the industry's IT attention). We analyze data from a cross-industry panel of U.S. S&P 500 firms over eight years that includes up to 2,852 firm-year observations. The results indicate that CIO presence in the TMT is positively related to a firm's IDI and CDI. Furthermore, they show that the organizational context related to CEO characteristics moderates the CIO-CDI relationship and that the environmental context related to the industry's IT attention moderates the CIO-IDI relationship. Our research contributes to the information systems literature by providing robust evidence that CIO presence in the TMT positively influences a firm's digital innovation outcomes, showing how internal and external boundary conditions affect the work of CIOs, and elaborating the role of managerial attention as an underlying mechanism explaining digital innovation. Collapse

Topics: Chief Information Officer innovation management digital innovation research and development IT investment

Methods: regression analysis method theory development instrumental variables estimation Compustat descriptive statistic

Navigating the Paradox of IT Novelty and Strategic Conformity: The Moderating Role of Industry Dynamism

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Chaturvedi, Devina; Kathuria, Abhishek; Andrade, Mariana; Saldanha, Terence

Abstract: Although achieving strategic distinctiveness is critical for firms in dynamic i ... Expand

Abstract: Although achieving strategic distinctiveness is critical for firms in dynamic industries, where the competitive landscape and market conditions frequently change, there is a paucity of research on the impact of information technology (IT) on a firm's strategic conformity (or distinctiveness). Motivated by the importance of strategic conformity and emergence of novel technologies, we draw on institutional theory and hypothesize that IT Novelty positively impacts strategic conformity. Second, drawing on resource-based view, we hypothesize that market dynamism and competitive dynamism negatively moderate the effect of IT Novelty on strategic conformity. Third, we hypothesize that the moderating impact is stronger for market dynamism than competitive dynamism. We find support for our hypotheses using a fifteen-year dataset from over 300 U.S. manufacturing firms. Our study contributes to theory and managerial practice by combining institutional and resource-based view perspectives to examine how IT Novelty shapes a firm's strategic conformity, particularly in dynamic industry conditions. Collapse

Topics: database system decision making artificial intelligence internet of things mobile system

Methods: longitudinal research autocorrelation analysis hierarchical linear modeling robustness check regression analysis method

Theories: resource based view of the firm institutional theory

Enhancing users’ security engagement through cultivating commitment: the role of psychological needs fulfilment

2023 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Davis, Joshua; Agrawal, Deepti; Guo, Xiang

Abstract: Employee behaviour is fundamental to corporate information security (InfoSec) ca ... Expand

Abstract: Employee behaviour is fundamental to corporate information security (InfoSec) capabilities across the phases of prevention, detection, and response. Unfortunately, despite over a decade of research on the topic, the human aspect of security remains the most vulnerable in many companies today, often rooted in employee disinterest. Two traditions within the InfoSec research that may contribute to this disconnect are 1) emphasis on extrinsic manipulation of behaviour versus cultivation of internalised commitment to organisational InfoSec and 2) emphasis on isolated activities over more integrated perspectives of security behaviour. Addressing these gaps, the current study examines end user InfoSec behaviour through a distinct internal motivational lens. Rooted in Self-Determination Theory, a research model is introduced that highlights workplace factors which drive end users’ internalised commitment to organisational InfoSec by fulfiling fundamental psychological needs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) within this context. Commitment, which captures internally regulated motivation to contribute to organisational InfoSec performance, is then positioned as a driver of intention to engage in various security behaviours. Overall, the results support the study’s hypotheses and underscore the important roles perceived behavioural control, IT competence, and user-IS department relations have on commitment to organisational InfoSec and resultant behavioural outcomes. Collapse

Topics: knowledge base IT job cybersecurity behavior resource allocation electronic mail

Methods: survey design survey partial least squares regression psychometrics partial least squares path modeling

Theories: self determination theory

A Maturity Model for Assessing the Digitalization of Public Health Agencies

2023 | Business & Information Systems Engineering | Citations: 0

Authors: Doctor, Eileen; Eymann, Torsten; Fürstenau, Daniel; Gersch, Martin; Hall, Kristina; Kauffmann, Anna Lina; Schulte-Althoff, Matthias; Schlieter, Hannes; Stark, Jeannette; Wyrtki, Katrin

Abstract: Requests for a coordinated response during the COVID-19 pandemic revealed the li ... Expand

Abstract: Requests for a coordinated response during the COVID-19 pandemic revealed the limitations of locally-operating public health agencies (PHAs) and have resulted in a growing interest in their digitalization. However, digitalizing PHAs – i.e., transforming them technically and organizationally – toward the needs of both employees and citizens is challenging, especially in federally-managed local government settings. This paper reports on a project that develops and evaluates a continuous (vs. a staged) maturity model, the PHAMM, for digitalizing PHAs as a cornerstone of a digitally resilient public health system in the future. The model supports a coordinated approach to formulating a vision and structuring the steps toward it, engaging employees along the transformation journey necessary for a federally-managed field. Further, it is now being used to allocate substantial national funds to foster digitalization. By developing the model in a coordinated approach and using it for distributing federal resources, this work expands the potential usage cases for maturity models. The authors conclude with lessons learned and discuss how the model can incentivize local digitalization in federal fields. Collapse

Topics: government system IS maturity resource allocation health information system usability

Methods: qualitative interview survey design science literature study maturity model

DATA GOVERNANCE STRATEGIES FOR DATA PLATFORMS – A MULTIPLE CASE STUDY IN NURSING CARE

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Gubser, Rahel; Schulte-Althoff, Matthias; Heinemann, Nils; Pohle, Jörg; Fürstenau, Daniel

Abstract: It is long established that data from platforms can be useful for deriving patt ... Expand

Abstract: It is long established that data from platforms can be useful for deriving patterned insights into people's behavior and conduct. Data platforms are important in fields with limited data availability and strict regulatory and hierarchical structures, such as healthcare and nursing analytics. Hence, we carefully examine three forerunner initiatives in establishing data platforms in the context of nursing care along normative, organizational, and technical dimensions of governance. The cases were selected due to their high level of comparability and to demonstrate three different types of data governance strategies understood as actions to reconcile conflicting interests regarding data and dealing with prevalent data protection lawranging from strictly processual approaches to the creation of synthetic data. These findings highlight the importance of considering data governance strategies concisely when building data platforms and suggest considerable variety in the configuration of data governance arrangements. Collapse

Topics: data governance decision making data protection healthcare data platform governance

Methods: qualitative interview case study theory development economic model archival research

Green Data Analytics of Supercomputing from Massive Sensor Networks: Does Workload Distribution Matter?

2023 | Information Systems Research | Citations: 0

Authors: Guo, Zhiling; Li, Jin; Ramesh, Ram

Abstract: Energy costs represent a significant share of the total cost of ownership in hig ... Expand

Abstract: Energy costs represent a significant share of the total cost of ownership in high-performance computing (HPC) systems. Using a unique data set collected by massive sensor networks in a petascale national supercomputing center, we first present an explanatory model to identify key factors that affect energy consumption in supercomputing. Our analytic results show that, not only does computing node utilization significantly affect energy consumption, workload distribution among the nodes also has significant effects and could effectively be leveraged to improve energy efficiency. Next, we establish the high model performance using in-sample and out-of-sample analyses. We then develop prescriptive models for energy-optimal runtime workload management and extend the models to consider energy consumption and job performance tradeoffs. Specifically, we present four dynamic resource management methodologies (packing, load balancing, threshold-based switching, and energy optimization), model their application at two levels (purely within-rack and jointly cross-rack resource allocation), and explore runtime resource redistribution policies for jobs under the emergent principle of computational steering and comparatively evaluate strategies that use computational steering with those that do not. Our experimental studies show that packing is preferred when the total workload of a rack is higher than a threshold and load balancing is preferred when it is lower. These results lead to a threshold strategy that yields near-optimal energy efficiency under all workload conditions. We further calibrate the energy-optimal resource allocations over the full range of workloads and present a bicriteria evaluation to consider energy consumption and job performance tradeoffs. We demonstrate significant energy savings of our proposed strategies under various workload conditions. We conclude with implementation guidelines and policy insights into energy-efficient computing resource management in large supercomputing data centers. History: Olivia Liu Sheng, Senior Editor; Xiaobai Li, Associate Editor. Funding: The authors thank the National Supercomputing Center of Singapore for enabling and supporting this research. J. Li received support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 71901169, 72032006, and T2293774]. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2023.1208. Collapse

Topics: data center high-performance computing task productivity resource allocation analytical information system

Methods: optimization model experiment simulation descriptive statistic longitudinal research

Software-Vendor Diversification: A Source of Organizational Rigidity in Adversity?

2023 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Gong, Jing; Liang, Yi; Ramasubbu, Narayan

Abstract: Firms often assemble digital infrastructures using continuously evolving softwar ... Expand

Abstract: Firms often assemble digital infrastructures using continuously evolving software applications sourced from a multitude of vendors. Using the theoretical lens of the threat-rigidity thesis, we raise the possibility that during adverse environmental conditions, software-vendor diversification can be a source of organizational rigidity that may dampen firm performance. Empirical analysis using data on 918 large public U.S. firms operating during two severe environmental shocks, the global financial crisis and the burst of the dot-com bubble, lends strong support to our thesis. Results indicate that a variety of firm performance indicators (e.g., stock return and operating income measures) are negatively associated with software-vendor diversification during crisis periods. Mediation analysis highlights the role of IT-related material weakness in firms' internal controls in transmitting threat-rigidity effects that decrease performance. These results underscore the importance of software portfolio optimization for countering the dysfunctional effects of software-vendor diversification during adverse environmental shocks. Collapse

Topics: organizational productivity accounting computer hardware information technology infrastructure database system

Methods: mediation analysis structural equation modeling cross sectional research propensity score method longitudinal research

The Interdependence of Coordination and Cooperation in Information Technology Outsourcing

2023 | Information Systems Research | Citations: 0

Authors: Im, Ghiyoung P.; Ahuja, Manju

Abstract: The success of information technology outsourcing projects largely depends on th ... Expand

Abstract: The success of information technology outsourcing projects largely depends on the extent to which partners are willing to learn through interactions with each other. This study investigates the antecedents and consequences of relational learning between clients and vendors in outsourcing projects. Drawing on the collaboration framework in interfirm relationships research, this study examines the interdependence of coordination and cooperation. The two antecedents of relational learning (i.e., shared domain knowledge and motivational elements) represent coordination and cooperation mechanisms. We investigate the independent (main) and interdependent (moderation) effects of these mechanisms on relational learning from both the client and vendor perspectives. The findings show that the interdependent model is better in explaining the impact of coordination and cooperation mechanisms in outsourcing projects. This finding enables partners to understand relationship dynamics more comprehensively and develop collaboration mechanisms that can bring synergy between coordination and cooperation. Our study also shows that the perceptions of motivational elements are not symmetric between clients and vendors. History: Yulin Fang, Senior Editor; Ning Su, Associate Editor. Funding: This research was supported by the College of Business at the University of Louisville. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2023.1216. Collapse

Topics: outsourcing business process management project productivity computer supported cooperative work resource allocation

Methods: descriptive statistic statistical hypothesis test survey theory development ordinary least square

Theories: goal framing theory