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Relating Social Media Diffusion, Education Level and Cybersecurity Protection Mechanisms to E-Participation Initiatives: Insights from a Cross-Country Analysis
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2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0
Authors: Ahangama, Supunmali

Abstract: Virtual Social Networks (VSN) act as a catalyst for the success of the active pa ... Expand

Abstract: Virtual Social Networks (VSN) act as a catalyst for the success of the active participation of citizens in information sharing, collaboration, and decision making. VSN based e-participation tools allow many-to-many communication and collaboration near real-time with users who might be in geographically dispersed locations. It provides a platform to voice opinions and perspectives and share them with others in new and innovative ways. Cybersecurity is a key area that needs to be considered for the success and continuous use of e-participation systems as it protects user privacy and helps to avoid scams, harassment, and misinformation. The intervening effect of cybersecurity protection mechanisms and citizens’ education level on the relationship between VSN diffusion and e-participation initiatives is explored in the proposed research model presented in this paper. Moreover, this research model is explored for different stages of e-participation (e-information, e-consultation, and e-decision making) and the five dimensions of cybersecurity (legal, technical, organizational, capacity building, and cooperation). The findings indicate that improved VSN usage has increased e-participation (especially in e-consultation and e-decision making) as a result of improved cybersecurity protection and public education, highlighting the varying importance of different cybersecurity protection measures for three stages of e-participation. Thus, considering the recent problems like platform manipulation, misinformation and data breaches associated with the use of VSN for e-participation, this study emphasizes the importance of regulations, policies, partnerships, technical frameworks, and research to ensure cybersecurity, as well as the importance of education to enable the public to interact productively in e-participation activities. This study is performed using publicly available data from 115 countries and the research model is developed, drawing theoretical basis from the Protection Motivation Theory, Structuration Theory, and Endogenous Growth Theory. This paper recognizes the theoretical and practical implications, and limitations while recommending future research directions. Collapse

Semantic filters: protection motivation theory

Topics: IT security decision making human resource management social network government system

Methods: survey partial least squares path modeling cross sectional research mediation analysis archival research

Theories: protection motivation theory structuration theory
The Interplay of Information Processing, Mindfulness, and Affective State in Phishing Detection

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Bera, Debalina; Kim, Dan

Abstract: This study investigates the effect of individuals' information processing modes ... Expand

Abstract: This study investigates the effect of individuals' information processing modes on phishing email detection mechanisms and accuracy. Drawing on the heuristic-systematic model of processing, mindful decision-making, and affect-and-persuasion literature, this study examines the antecedents (i.e., heuristic, systematic processing, general and domain mindfulness, and affective state) and behavioral consequences (i.e., detection accuracy) in phishing identification. Using a scenario-based survey experiment this study shows mindfulness and affectivity navigate information processing mechanisms, thus influence phishing detection accuracy. It aims to contribute to information security literature by examining novel associations between general, domain mindfulness and its effect on online users' information processing strategy and phishing detection accuracy. Furthermore, this study contributes to phishing training and awareness by identifying the function of cognitive-affective (affective states, trait mindfulness) and cognitive-behavioral (domain mindfulness) factors on the choice of information processing modes and phishing detection accuracy. Finally, the affective states might help improve the efficacy of automatic filters. Collapse

Semantic filters: protection motivation theory

Topics: phishing mindfulness electronic mail email phishing data security

Methods: experiment survey partial least squares regression machine learning laboratory experiment

Theories: protection motivation theory
HARKing and P-Hacking: A Call for More Transparent Reporting of Studies in the Information Systems Field
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2023 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Hu, Han-fen; Moody, Gregory; Galletta, Dennis

Abstract: While researchers are expected to look for significant results to confirm their ... Expand

Abstract: While researchers are expected to look for significant results to confirm their hypotheses, some engage in intentional or unintentional HARKing (Hypothesizing After Results are Known) and p-hacking (repeated tinkering with data and retesting). If these practices are widespread, one possible result is field-wide exaggerated (inflated) results reported in Information Systems (IS) publications. In this paper, we summarize the literature on HARKing and p-hacking across different disciplines. We offer an illustrative example of how an IS study could involve HARKing and p-hacking in various stages of the project to generate a more "publishable" result. We also report on a survey targeted at IS researchers to explore their experiences and awareness of this issue. Finally, we provide recommendations and suggestions based on the review of practices in other fields and advocate for more transparency in reporting research projects, so that study results can be interpreted properly, and reproducibility and replicability can be increased. Collapse

Semantic filters: protection motivation theory

Topics: website web page

Methods: p hacking descriptive statistic survey parametric test statistical hypothesis test

Theories: protection motivation theory
Vulnerability-based Cyber-Risk Management: A Text-mining Approach

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Jain, Swati; Mukhopadhyay, Arunabha

Abstract: Vulnerable information systems inside an organization make it prone to cyber-at ... Expand

Abstract: Vulnerable information systems inside an organization make it prone to cyber-attacks, leading to loss of reputation, financial loss, customer churn, and loss of future prospects. In our study, we assess, quantify, and mitigate the cyber-attack risk generated due to the vulnerable information technology assets using our proposed Vulnerability-based Cyber-Risk Management Model (VCRMM). We leverage Protection Motivation Theory and cyber-kill chain to assess the cyber risk based on specific characteristics of vulnerabilities. We perform text mining using the topic modelling technique, Latent Dirichlet Allocation, find a correlation between the topics, and then classify the severity rating of vulnerabilities. The higher the severity rating of any vulnerability, the greater the probability of cyber-attack (p) any organization faces. Next, we quantify the cyber-attack risk in terms of expected losses. Finally, based on Rational Choice Theory and NIST-guided Vulnerability Management Process, we propose mitigation strategies to reduce, accept, or transfer the cyber-attack risk. Collapse

Semantic filters: protection motivation theory

Topics: IT security threat risk management IT security Microsoft Windows Chief Information Officer

Methods: topic model decision tree classification naïve bayes machine learning experiment

Theories: rational choice theory protection motivation theory
IT Security and Espoused Cultural Values: A Comparative Analysis of Pakistan and the United States

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: John, Asher; Polites, Greta

Abstract: Information technology (IT) security research has investigated how users percei ... Expand

Abstract: Information technology (IT) security research has investigated how users perceive and address IT security threats differently based on their cultural backgrounds and espoused cultural values. We extend prior research, grounded in Protection Motivation Theory (Rogers 1975), that has examined how espoused cultural values influence the relationship between perceived coping efficacy and coping behaviors. Our research model includes two infrequently studied cultural dimensions: indulgence vs. restraint (Hofstede 2022) and survival vs. self-expression (Inglehart-Welzel 2005). The model will be tested using survey data from mid-level managers in the US and Pakistan. The study offers a more nuanced understanding of the impact of cultural factors on the adoption and implementation of IT security measures in diverse organizational contexts. It further contributes to practice by offering guidance to organizations who must design security training and other intervention strategies to modify employee security behaviors. Collapse

Semantic filters: protection motivation theory

Topics: self efficacy IT security cross cultural research information system use national culture

Methods: structural equation modeling descriptive statistic survey

Theories: protection motivation theory
Assessing and Controlling the Social Desirability Bias in the Context of Victims, Perpetrators, and Bystanders of Cyberbullying

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: KIM, DONGYEON; Jang, Kyungmyung; Kang, Martin; Kwak, Dong-Heon; Knaff, Deborah

Abstract: Cyberbullying refers to intentional and repeated aggressive acts using electron ... Expand

Abstract: Cyberbullying refers to intentional and repeated aggressive acts using electronic communication against victims who cannot defend themselves. This widespread phenomenon can affect individuals of any age or gender, severely disrupting the lives of victims and their families. While previous research has focused on understanding the determinants and consequences of cyberbullying from the perspectives of perpetrators, victims, and bystanders, social desirability (SD) bias has been overlooked in the perspectives of bystanders and victims. Our study examines SD bias in the context of cyberbullying perpetrators, victims, and bystanders. To assess and control SD bias, this study uses the 16-item Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding and the covariance technique. Collapse

Semantic filters: protection motivation theory

Topics: cyberbullying self efficacy behavioral intention crowdsourcing

Methods: survey

Theories: protection motivation theory
EXPLORING THREAT-SPECIFIC PRIVACY ASSURANCES IN THE CONTEXT OF CONNECTED VEHICLE APPLICATIONS

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Lechte, Henrik; Menck, Jannes; Stocker, Alexander; Lembcke, Tim-Benjamin; Kolbe, Lutz

Abstract: Connected vehicles enable a wide range of use cases, often facilitated by smart ... Expand

Abstract: Connected vehicles enable a wide range of use cases, often facilitated by smartphone apps and involving extensive processing of driving-related data. Since sensitive information about actual driving behavior or even daily routines can be derived from this data, the issue of privacy arises. We explore the impact of short privacy assurance statements on user perceptions by considering two data-intensive cases, usage-based insurance, and traffic hazard warnings. We conducted two experimental comparisons to investigate whether and how privacy-related perceptions about vehicle data sharing can be altered by different text-based privacy assurances on fictional app store pages. Our results are largely inconclusive, and we found no clear evidence that such short statements can significantly alter privacy concerns and increase download intentions. Furthermore, our results suggest that general and threatspecific privacy assurance statements likely yield no or little benefits to connected vehicle app providers regarding user perceptions. Collapse

Semantic filters: protection motivation theory

Topics: privacy mobile application information privacy concern digital distribution mobile application market

Methods: survey experiment parametric test nonparametric test one-way ANOVA

Theories: protection motivation theory privacy calculus theory
Where is IT in Information Security? The Interrelationship among IT Investment, Security Awareness, and Data Breaches

2023 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 1
Authors: Li, Wilson Weixun; Leung, Alvin; Yue, Wei

Abstract: Data breaches can severely damage a firm's reputation and its customers' confid ... Expand

Abstract: Data breaches can severely damage a firm's reputation and its customers' confidence. Firms must therefore continuously invest in security measures to prevent such breaches. However, the effectiveness of security investment has been questioned by both practitioners and academics. We illustrate the bidirectional dynamic relationship between information technology (IT) investment and data breaches moderated by threat and countermeasure security awareness using an eight-year panel of 311 U.S.-listed firms to provide empirical evidence that threat awareness broadens firms' scope for addressing databreach issues by investing more in IT than in security. Countermeasure awareness equips firms with sufficient knowledge and experience to ensure effective implementation of IT, which provides more comprehensive protection than security investment alone. Our results suggest that firms should evolve beyond the reactive mindset of solely upgrading security and begin nurturing both threat awareness and countermeasure awareness to address the underlying IT system issues that are the cause of data breaches. Collapse

Semantic filters: protection motivation theory

Topics: IT investment data breach IT security defense data security IT security threat

Methods: longitudinal research robustness check autocorrelation analysis survey literature study

Theories: institutional theory protection motivation theory
Examining the Differential Effectiveness of Fear Appeals in Information Security Management Using Two-Stage Meta-Analysis
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2023 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 0
Authors: Lowry, Paul Benjamin; Moody, Gregory D.; Parameswaran, Srikanth; Brown, Nicholas James

Abstract: Most of the information security management research involving fear appeals is g ... Expand

Abstract: Most of the information security management research involving fear appeals is guided by either protection motivation theory or the extended parallel processing model. Over time, extant research has extended these theories, as well as their derivative theories, in a variety of ways, leading to several theoretical and empirical inconsistencies. The large body of fragmented, and sometimes conflicting, research has muddied the broader understanding of what drives protection- and defensive motivation. We provide guidance to the security discourse by offering the first study in the literature to employ two-stage meta-analytic structural equation modeling (TSSEM), which combines covariance-based structural equation modeling and meta-analysis. Information systems (IS) researchers have traditionally used meta-analysis for structural equation modeling for such purposes—an approach that has several serious statistical flaws. Using 341 systematically selected empirical security articles (representing 383 unique studies) and TSSEM, we pool a large series of five datasets to test six models, from which we examine the effects of constructs and paths in the security fear-appeals literature. We compare and test six versions of models inspired by issues in the broader fear-appeals literature. We confirm the importance of both the threat- and coping-appraisal processes; establish the central role of fear and that it has greater importance than threat; show that efficacy is a stronger predictor of protection motivation than is threat; demonstrate that response costs as currently measured are ineffective but that maladaptive rewards have a strong negative effect on protection motivation and a positive effect on defensive motivation; and provide evidence that dual models of danger control and fear control should be used. Collapse

Semantic filters: protection motivation theory

Topics: H1N1 flu self efficacy Python data quality information security management

Methods: structural equation modeling meta analysis statistical hypothesis test hierarchical linear modeling statistical power analysis

Theories: fear appeal theory extended parallel process model protection motivation theory
Threatened by AI: Analyzing Users’ Responses to the Introduction of AI in a Crowd-Sourcing Platform
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2023 | Information Systems Research | Citations: 0
Authors: Lysyakov, Mikhail; Viswanathan, Siva

Abstract: As artificial intelligence (AI) solutions are being rapidly deployed, they incre ... Expand

Abstract: As artificial intelligence (AI) solutions are being rapidly deployed, they increasingly compete with human labor. This study examines designers’ strategies in response to the threat from the introduction of an AI system for simple logo designs in a crowdsourcing design platform. We study designers who were active both before and after the introduction of the AI system to understand their responses to the threat from AI. Our study is informed by the theories of threat, specifically the protection motivation theory that posits that individuals will respond to threats based on their capabilities. We find that, although some designers who had primarily participated in contests for lower-tier, simple logo designs leave the platform, others continue to participate in these contests. Interestingly, designers who have higher capabilities, evidenced by their prior participation in more-complex higher-tier logo-design contests and contests in other nonlogo categories, move away from the primary locus of threat in the lower-tier and switch to the more-complex contests after the introduction of the AI system. More interestingly, we find that successful designers respond differently from unsuccessful designers on the platform. Although unsuccessful designers increase participation across multiple contests, they do not change the quality (emotional content and complexity) of their design submissions after the AI launch. In contrast, successful designers become more focused (i.e., they substantially increase the number of submissions within a contest) and more quality oriented (i.e., they increase emotional content and complexity of their design submissions) after the AI launch. These findings have important implications for the nascent research on the impacts of AI on users in a crowdsourcing platform and for the design of such platforms. History: Wonseok Oh, Senior Editor; Jianqing Chen, Associate Editor. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2022.1184. Collapse

Semantic filters: protection motivation theory

Topics: artificial intelligence crowdsourcing marketing management price management IS impact

Methods: experimental group survey propensity score matching robustness check longitudinal research

Theories: protection motivation theory

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Found 157 articles

Relating Social Media Diffusion, Education Level and Cybersecurity Protection Mechanisms to E-Participation Initiatives: Insights from a Cross-Country Analysis

The Interplay of Information Processing, Mindfulness, and Affective State in Phishing Detection

HARKing and P-Hacking: A Call for More Transparent Reporting of Studies in the Information Systems Field

Vulnerability-based Cyber-Risk Management: A Text-mining Approach

IT Security and Espoused Cultural Values: A Comparative Analysis of Pakistan and the United States

Assessing and Controlling the Social Desirability Bias in the Context of Victims, Perpetrators, and Bystanders of Cyberbullying

EXPLORING THREAT-SPECIFIC PRIVACY ASSURANCES IN THE CONTEXT OF CONNECTED VEHICLE APPLICATIONS

Where is IT in Information Security? The Interrelationship among IT Investment, Security Awareness, and Data Breaches

Examining the Differential Effectiveness of Fear Appeals in Information Security Management Using Two-Stage Meta-Analysis

Threatened by AI: Analyzing Users’ Responses to the Introduction of AI in a Crowd-Sourcing Platform