When Does the Pre-entry Experience of New Entrants Improve Their Performance? A Meta-Analytical Investigation of Critical Moderators

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Cao, Zhi; Posen, Hart E.

Abstract: Although pre-entry experience is widely regarded as a critical asset that positi ... Expand

Abstract: Although pre-entry experience is widely regarded as a critical asset that positively influences new entrant performance, empirical support is mixed. To address this inconsistency, we conduct a meta-analysis of the empirical findings in 272 papers. We draw theoretically on the organizational learning literature to argue that the pre-entry experience–new entrant performance relationship is contingent on the characteristics of pre-entry experience, the environmental context of the new entrant, and the interaction between the two. In particular, we examine the effects of two levels of pre-entry experience (firm and founder), four types of founder-level pre-entry experience (entrepreneurial, managerial, industry, and functional experience), and two types of environments (industry and institutional). The meta-analysis results show a significant and positive correlation between founder-level pre-entry experience and economic performance of 0.07. Likewise, the failure rates of spinouts and diversifying entrants are 11% lower than that of start-ups. The moderating analysis results show that the correlation of founder-level pre-entry experience and economic performance is lower in knowledge- or technology-intensive (KTI) industries and higher in low-KTI manufacturing and service industries. The correlation is also higher in institutional environments with high power distance and individualism. These findings provide compelling new evidence for the importance of pre-entry experience and advance our understanding of the boundary conditions on the pre-entry experience–new entrant performance relationship. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1589. Collapse

Topics: national culture organization learning entrepreneurship productivity research and development

Methods: descriptive statistic hazard function meta analysis literature sample chi squared test

Customers’ acceptance of artificially intelligent service robots: The influence of trust and culture

2023 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Chi, Oscar Hengxuan; Chi, Christina G.; Gursoy, Dogan; Nunkoo, Robin

Abstract: This study addresses two critical research gaps in human-robot interaction (HRI) ... Expand

Abstract: This study addresses two critical research gaps in human-robot interaction (HRI): the limited systematic research on the role of trust in customers’ acceptance of artificially intelligent (AI) robots; and the lack of understanding of robot acceptance under different cultural backgrounds. Drawing on the AIDUA framework, this study examines the impacts of trust and moderating effects of both national (the U.S. and China) and individual culture on customers’ intentions to use AI robots in hospitality services by developing a theoretical model. The model is tested on data collected using online data collection platforms from 491 U.S. and 495 Chinese respondents. PLSSEM and the bootstrapping method were used to test the hypothesized relationships and analyze the moderating effects of culture, respectively. The findings suggest that trust in interaction with AI robots is a significant higherorder construct that influences the intention of use. Furthermore, uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation, and power distance have been found to exhibit significant moderation effects. The results of this study extend the theoretical frameworks in HRI and provide detailed guidance to promote AI robot applications across different cultures. Collapse

Topics: robotic artificial intelligence social influence national culture behavioral intention

Methods: survey partial least squares path modeling structural equation modeling Student's t-test cross sectional research

Theories: cultural dimensions theory

To Stem the Tide: Organizational Climate and the Locus of Knowledge Transfer

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Di Stefano, Giada; Micheli, Maria Rita

Abstract: Prior work has maintained that organizations benefit from managing the transfer ... Expand

Abstract: Prior work has maintained that organizations benefit from managing the transfer of proprietary knowledge. Transfer is often advantageous within organizational boundaries but may be harmful across them, because it might erode competitive advantage. Hence, we ask: How can organizations affect the direction in which knowledge flows? We examine the role of organizational climate as a governing mechanism for knowledge transfer. Our empirical strategy consists of a mixed-methods approach leveraging qualitative and experimental data over two cycles of theory building and theory testing. We start with an extensive field study of the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), leveraging the insights from desk research, field observations, 53 interviews, and a laboratory-in-the-field experiment involving 518 physicists. We then provide a causal test of the emerging framework by means of two laboratory experiments with 389 participants. Our findings suggest employees are more likely to transfer knowledge to their colleagues when they identify as an integral part of the organization, but they would rather transfer knowledge to outside competitors when their organization encourages them to outperform coworkers. In the presence of an organizational climate that is unfavorable to preventing knowledge spillovers, we argue, organizations can redirect the locus of knowledge transfer internally by acting upon an individual employee’s job design and socialization regime.History: This paper has been accepted for the Organization Science Special Issue on Experiments in Organizational Theory.Funding: The authors acknowledge generous financial support from Bocconi University, the HEC Foundation of HEC Paris, and IESEG School of Management.Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.1551. Collapse

Topics: knowledge sharing electronic mail pandemic knowledge spillover strategic management

Methods: experiment qualitative interview field study theory development laboratory experiment

Theories: organizational theory

Cross-cultural and Institutional Perspectives on Information Technology Governance

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Fernandes, Pedro; Pereira, Ruben; Wiedenhoft, Guilherme

Abstract: Nowadays, over 20% of organizations' worldwide capital expenditure goes toward ... Expand

Abstract: Nowadays, over 20% of organizations' worldwide capital expenditure goes toward Information Technology (IT). Hence IT Governance (ITG) is essential to establish a mutually beneficial connection between IT and the business. To deploy ITG, some factors, such as Organizational Culture (OC), should be considered. This study focuses on how the different cultures in the OCAI model affect employees' perception of ITG institutionalization. A survey was conducted on 513 workers from over 150 companies worldwide. Our model was validated using the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Although the results were not as anticipated, the general hypothesis was validated, demonstrating that individuals' perceptions of ITG institutionalization are influenced by their predominant OC type. Market and Hierarchy cultures show higher levels of individual perception of ITG. Organizations will learn how various cultures affect employees' perceptions of ITG, which will help them create a more ITG-oriented culture, greater alignment between business and IT, and more IT-enabled value. Collapse

Topics: organizational culture missing data national culture anonymity

Methods: survey Kruskal Wallis test nonparametric test factor analysis data transformation

Theories: institutional theory

Fostering psychological safety in global virtual teams: The role of digital reminder nudges and team-based interventions

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Fleischmann, C.; Seeber, I.; Cardon, P.; Aritz, J.

Abstract: Psychological safety, the feeling of being comfortable to express one's ideas o ... Expand

Abstract: Psychological safety, the feeling of being comfortable to express one's ideas or opinions in teams, is a key determinant of successful global virtual teams. Even though there exists considerable knowledge about its antecedents, it is unknown how team-based (e.g., clarification of deliverables and deadlines) and technology-based (e.g., digital reminder nudges/ DRN) interventions foster psychological safety given cultural variations of team members. Based on a survey involving 148 participants, our data shows that both team-based interventions (TBI) and digital nudges foster psychological safety in global virtual teams. TBI are even more effective for high-context, indirect communicators than for low-context, direct communicators. However, digital nudges were equally effective across cultures for building psychological safety. These findings contribute to the literature on psychological safety as we show that not all antecedents hold equally across cultures and to the literature of digital nudges as we show the effectiveness of technology-based interventions in a team context. Collapse

Topics: cross cultural research virtual teamwork electronic mail Tencent QQ IS effectiveness

Methods: survey data transformation regression analysis method linear regression analysis exploratory factor analysis

Fake news believability: The effects of political beliefs and espoused cultural values

2023 | Information & Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Gupta, Manjul; Dennehy, Denis; Parra, Carlos M.; Mäntymäki, Matti; Dwivedi, Yogesh K

Abstract: Fake news has led to a polarized society as evidenced by diametrically opposed p ... Expand

Abstract: Fake news has led to a polarized society as evidenced by diametrically opposed perceptions of and reactions to global events such as the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and presidential campaigns. Popular press has linked individuals’ political beliefs and cultural values to the extent to which they believe in false content shared on social networking sites (SNS). However, sweeping generalizations run the risk of helping exacerbate divisiveness in already polarized societies. This study examines the effects of individuals’ political beliefs and espoused cultural values on fake news believability using a repeated-measures design (that exposes individuals to a variety of fake news scenarios). Results from online questionnaire-based survey data collected from participants in the US and India help confirm that conservative individuals tend to exhibit increasing fake news believability and show that collectivists tend to do the same. This study advances knowledge on charac­ teristics that make individuals more susceptible to lending credence to fake news. In addition, this study explores the influence exerted by control variables (i.e., age, sex, and Internet usage). Findings are used to provide im­ plications for theory as well as actionable insights. Collapse

Topics: fake news information system use national culture individual characteristic WhatsApp

Methods: longitudinal research within subject experiment survey pilot survey psychometrics

IT Security and Espoused Cultural Values: A Comparative Analysis of Pakistan and the United States

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: John, Asher; Polites, Greta

Abstract: Information technology (IT) security research has investigated how users percei ... Expand

Abstract: Information technology (IT) security research has investigated how users perceive and address IT security threats differently based on their cultural backgrounds and espoused cultural values. We extend prior research, grounded in Protection Motivation Theory (Rogers 1975), that has examined how espoused cultural values influence the relationship between perceived coping efficacy and coping behaviors. Our research model includes two infrequently studied cultural dimensions: indulgence vs. restraint (Hofstede 2022) and survival vs. self-expression (Inglehart-Welzel 2005). The model will be tested using survey data from mid-level managers in the US and Pakistan. The study offers a more nuanced understanding of the impact of cultural factors on the adoption and implementation of IT security measures in diverse organizational contexts. It further contributes to practice by offering guidance to organizations who must design security training and other intervention strategies to modify employee security behaviors. Collapse

Topics: self efficacy IT security cross cultural research information system use national culture

Methods: structural equation modeling descriptive statistic survey

Theories: protection motivation theory

Trust antecedents in online reviews across national cultures

2023 | Decision Support Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Kim, Youngeui; Srite, Mark; Zhao, Huimin

Abstract: When reading an online review, consumers rely on implied trust-building factors ... Expand

Abstract: When reading an online review, consumers rely on implied trust-building factors within it. Trust antecedents have been extensively researched and categorized into argument quality and source credibility. However, there is still a need to investigate how their help for consumers differs across national cultures. Furthermore, while a profile photo has been found to enhance the helpfulness of a review by improving source credibility, little is known about how consumers perceive user appearance in a review picture and no research has compared these two types of visual information. To bridge these gaps, we examine how trust antecedents and visual information help consumers’ decision making differently across national cultures, using reviews collected from Amazon in the US and Germany, respectively. Our results show that information quality is more helpful for consumers in an individualistic and low uncertainty avoidance culture, whereas source credibility is more valued in the opposite culture. Interestingly, the effects of the two types of visual information, user appearance in a profile photo versus in a review picture, also differ across cultures. This research contributes to the online review literature by introducing visual information and national culture with new perspectives of trust. Our findings suggest that multinational e-commerce businesses adopt culture-specific strategies in review systems to better help consumers make informed purchase decisions. Collapse

Topics: national culture online review Vine data quality information retrieval

Methods: robustness check topic model term frequency–inverse document frequency propensity score method natural language processing

The Quest for National Digital Agility: Digital Responses to Covid-19 in Five Countries

2023 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Kendziorra, Jennifer; Witte, Anne-Katrin; Winkler, Till; Tong, Yu; Kwon, Juhee; Mishra, Abhay Nath

Abstract: Countries worldwide have employed various digital solutions to contain and cope ... Expand

Abstract: Countries worldwide have employed various digital solutions to contain and cope with the COVID-19 pandemic. In this explorative case research, we examine national-level digital responses to the pandemic in four specific areastracking and tracing, health data reporting, teleconsultation, and vaccination mobilization-across five countries: China, Denmark, Germany, South Korea, and the US. Drawing on the notion of agility and digital infrastructures, our cross-case analysis unveils how the countries' digital responses to the pandemic have been shaped by their national health system characteristics. In addition, we highlight how existing digital health infrastructures, regulatory adaptations, and industry collaborations fostered the alacrity with which nations responded to the pandemic. We define national-level digital agility as the ability of a nation to leverage digital infrastructure capabilities to address urgent societal challenges in a contextually appropriate way. Our key contribution is a model of this complex, but urgently needed concept containing five building blocks, that jointly explain and contribute to building such agility. Despite focusing on addressing the existing challenges of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, we believe that researchers and policymakers can also take away from our framework ideas to tackle other socio-environmental challenges. Collapse

Topics: IS agility pandemic health information system information technology infrastructure healthcare data

Methods: case study conceptual modelling cross sectional research multiple case study natural experiment

Cultural Roots of Entrepreneurship: Evidence from Second-Generation Immigrants

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Kleinhempel, Johannes; Klasing, Mariko J.; Beugelsdijk, Sjoerd

Abstract: Does national culture influence entrepreneurship? Given that entrepreneurship an ... Expand

Abstract: Does national culture influence entrepreneurship? Given that entrepreneurship and the economic, formal institutional, and cultural characteristics of nations are deeply intertwined and co-vary, it is difficult to isolate the effect of culture on entrepreneurship. In this study, we examine the self-employment choices of second-generation immigrants who were born, educated, and currently live in one country, but were raised by parents stemming from another country. We argue that entrepreneurship is influenced by durable, portable, and intergenerationally transmitted cultural imprints such that second-generation immigrants are more likely to become entrepreneurs if their parents originate from countries characterized by a strong entrepreneurial culture. Our multilevel analysis of two independent samples—65,323 second-generation immigrants of 52 different ancestries who were born, were raised, and live in the United States and 4,165 second-generation immigrants of 31 ancestries in Europe—shows that entrepreneurial culture is positively associated with the likelihood that individuals are entrepreneurs. Our results are robust to alternative non-cultural explanations, such as differences in resource holdings, labor market discrimination, and direct parent-child linkages. Overall, our study highlights the durability, portability, and intergenerational transmission of entrepreneurial culture as well as the profound impact of national culture on entrepreneurship. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1645. Collapse

Topics: entrepreneurship human resource management accounting national culture database system

Methods: hierarchical linear modeling survey robustness check descriptive statistic instrumental variables estimation

Theories: theory of economic development