Significance of Visual Realism – Eeriness, Credibility, and Persuasiveness of Virtual Influencers

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Cornelius, Samia; Leidner, Dorothy; Bina, Saman

Abstract: Though human-like design can increase favorable social behaviors like familiarit ... Expand

Abstract: Though human-like design can increase favorable social behaviors like familiarity and acceptance, it can also question the technology’s effectiveness, rationality, and functionality. With capabilities that allow technology to become more and more human-like, researchers and practitioners continue to delve over the efficacy and deployment of humanness in design. In this research paper, we measure positive and negative perceptions towards different levels of humanness among an emerging form of digital character: the virtual influencer. In doing so, we assess the efficacy of human-like design among virtual influencers by manipulating their visual realism and measuring the effect of this manipulation on their credibility and persuasiveness. Our experimental design also allows us to explore the existence of the uncanny valley in a novel technological context. Collapse

Topics: Instagram social media digital media logistics management word of mouth

Methods: experiment Wald test parametric test logistic regression binomial logistic regression

Theories: uncanny valley theory

The End of the World or Just a Turning Point? Effects of Negative and Positive Wording within Sustainability Campaigns on Social Media

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Decker, H.; Feier, A.

Abstract: The internet and social media are constantly evolving and providing innovations ... Expand

Abstract: The internet and social media are constantly evolving and providing innovations for communication. Persuasive communication, like advertisements, can be adapted to peoples' personal preferences and desires based on tracked data. Emotions have been found to play an important role within persuasion. Based on theoretical assumptions of framing and affective priming, we hypothesize different effects of positive and negative messages and mood within social media advertising. To investigate the reception of ads regarding their persuasiveness in sustainability campaigns we conducted an online experiment using a 2x2 between design (N=147) measuring ad evaluation and behavioral intention. Our findings revealed that wording can be an influential factor in persuasive messages towards more sustainability. Positive framing led to a better ad evaluation than negative wording. However, behavioral intention was not affected and there was no enhancing effect of recipients' environmental awareness. Collapse

Topics: behavioral intention social media advertising management social norm personality

Methods: experimental group experiment moderation analysis linear regression analysis regression analysis method

Theories: theory of planned behavior

Ethically Questionable Negotiation Strategies in South Asia: A Comparative Study of India and Pakistan

2023 | Group Decision and Negotiation | Citations: 0

Authors: Ma, Zhenzhong; Li, Kun; Guo, Guangrui; Pathak, Jagdish; Song, Young Ho

Abstract: The past decades have seen increased integration of South Asia into the global e ... Expand

Abstract: The past decades have seen increased integration of South Asia into the global economy, yet the study on management practices in this region is behind its expansion of business. This study explores the impact of tribalism and collectivism on ethically questionable negotiation strategies in two of the most important emerging economies in South Asia – India and Pakistan. The empirical results show that participants from Pakistan consider ethically questionable negotiation strategies to be more appropriate than those from India due to high tribalism in Pakistan. In addition, this study further shows that collectivism is significantly related to the perceived appropriateness of ethically questionable negotiation strategies in Pakistan but not in India. Implications and future research for contextualizing international business research and human management practices in South Asia are then discussed. Collapse

Topics: personality team productivity cross cultural research strategic management organizational context

Methods: regression analysis method data transformation self reported survey factor analysis survey

Theories: theory of logic

What Disrupts Flow in Office Work? The Impact of Frequency and Relevance of IT-Mediated Interruptions

2023 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 0

Authors: Nadj, Mario; Rissler, Raphael; Adam, Marc; Knierim, Michael; Li, Maximilian; Maedche, Alexander; Riedl, René

Abstract: Flow, the holistic sensation people experience when they act with total involve ... Expand

Abstract: Flow, the holistic sensation people experience when they act with total involvement, is a known driver for desired work outcomes like task performance. However, the increasing ubiquity of IT at work can disrupt employees' flow. Thus, the impact of IT-mediated interruptions on flow warrants more attention in research and practice. We conducted a NeuroIS laboratory experiment focusing on a typical office work task-an invoice matching task (i.e., matching customer payments to invoices). We manipulated interruption frequency (low, high) and content relevance (irrelevant, relevant) to study the impact of interruptions on self-reported flow, its dimensions, and high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV; calculated from electrocardiography recordings) as a proxy for parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activation. We found that content relevance moderated the relationship between interruption frequency and self-reported flow and that these results vary along flow dimensions. Content relevance also moderated the relationship between interruption frequency and PNS activation. Furthermore, selfreported flow was positively associated with both perceived and objective task performance, while PNS Collapse

Topics: task productivity cognitive absorption Python technostress information system use

Methods: electrocardiography NeuroIS multivariate analysis of variance experiment descriptive statistic

Theories: flow theory

Human-AI Collaboration in Content Moderation: The Effects of Information Cues and Time Constraints

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Li, Haoyan; Chau, Michael

Abstract: An extremely large amount of user-generated content is produced by users worldw ... Expand

Abstract: An extremely large amount of user-generated content is produced by users worldwide every day with the rapid development of online social media. Content moderation has emerged to ensure the quality of posts on various social media platforms. This process typically demands collaboration between humans and AI because of the complementarity of the two agents in different facets. Wondering how AI can better assist humans to make final judgment in the "machine-in-the-loop" paradigm, we propose a lab experiment to explore the influence of different types of cues provided by AI through a nudging approach as well as time constraints on human moderators' performance. The proposed study contributes to the literature on the AI-assisted decision-making pattern, and helps social media platforms in creating an effective human-AI collaboration framework for content moderation. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence decision making social media human computer interaction human AI collaboration

Methods: experiment machine learning laboratory experiment experimental group experimental design

Repairing Integrity-Based Trust Violations in Ascription Disputes for Potential E-Commerce Customers

2022 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 0

Authors: Deng, Honglin; Wang, Weiquan; Lim, Kai

Abstract: Trust violations of online sellers are widely reported in customer reviews and a ... Expand

Abstract: Trust violations of online sellers are widely reported in customer reviews and are often ascribed to the sellers’ lack of integrity. These reported violations reduce potential customers’ trust in the accused sellers, given the critical role of seller integrity in e-commerce. However, accused sellers and buyers often dispute the ascriptions of trust violations (e.g., sellers may argue that a violation is due to their lack of competence instead of their integrity). The trust repair literature has inadequately focused on effective strategies to repair reported integrity-based trust violations in ascription disputes. Drawing upon attribution theory and individuals’ cognitive sensemaking process regarding trust violations, we propose an account-based approach through re-ascription and stability attributions, enabling accused sellers to repair potential customers’ trust in them in the event of such disputes. We theorize the effectiveness of this approach by considering the contingent role of the accused seller’s reputation. The results of our laboratory experiments confirm the effectiveness of our approach in repairing potential customers’ trust for sellers with a high reputation but not for sellers with a low reputation. We further investigate the effectiveness of disclosing substantive amends (i.e., financial compensation) made by the accused seller to the victim as an alternative approach to repairing potential customers’ trust in sellers with a low reputation. The results reveal the significant effects of disclosing substantive amends on repairing potential customers’ trust in the seller, regardless of the seller’s reputation. Collapse

Topics: electronic commerce sensemaking web page online review website

Methods: experiment analysis of covariance laboratory experiment experimental task descriptive statistic

Theories: attribution theory

Improving Phishing Reporting Using Security Gamification

2022 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 2

Authors: Jensen, Matthew L.; Wright, Ryan T.; Durcikova, Alexandra; Karumbaiah, Shamya

Abstract: Phishing is an increasing threat that causes billions in losses and damage to pr ... Expand

Abstract: Phishing is an increasing threat that causes billions in losses and damage to productivity, trade secrets, and reputations each year. This work explores how security gamification techniques can improve phishing reporting. We contextualized the cognitive evaluation theory (CET) as a kernel theory and constructed a prototype phishing reporting system. With three experiments in a simulated work setting, we tested gamification elements of validation, attribution, incentives, and public presentation for improvements in experiential (e.g., motivation) and instrumental outcomes (e.g., hits and false positives) in phishing reporting. Our findings suggest public attribution with rewards and punishments best balance the competing necessities of accuracy with widespread reporting. Furthermore, our results demonstrate the unique benefits of security gamification to phishing reporting over and above other phishing mitigation techniques (e.g., training and warnings). However, we also noted that unintended consequences in false alarms might arise from shifts in motivation resulting from public display of incentives. These findings suggest that carefully calibrated external incentives (rather than intrinsic rewards) are most likely to improve the ancillary task of phishing reporting. Collapse

Topics: phishing gamification productivity self efficacy electronic mail

Methods: experiment factorial experiment multivariate analysis of covariance survey design artifact

Theories: cognitive evaluation theory

Approaching IT Security & Avoiding Threats in the Smart Home Context

2022 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 1

Authors: Nehme, Alaa; George, Joey F.

Abstract: Not securing smart home devices has proven a threat to cyberspace. This has unde ... Expand

Abstract: Not securing smart home devices has proven a threat to cyberspace. This has underscored the importance of using fear appeals to promote users' information security behavior. We practiced context-specific theorization to enhance fear appeal theory and design. Particularly, we extended Protection Motivation Theory to include avoidant-focused motivation (i.e., users' intent to avoid using their devices), the positive emotion of hope, and information technology (IT)-self extension. Our hypotheses include that fear engenders both protection and avoidant-focused motivations, hope mediates coping appraisal to engender (reduce) protection (avoidant-focused) motivation, and IT-self-extension acts as an antecedent. We conducted four studies, including two surveys and two experiments, and validated our extensions. Our main theoretical contributions include showing that hope is critical in determining which coping mechanism occurs and that it improves the theory's predictive power. In terms of practice, we demonstrate that a fear appeal message with a self-extension component and a strong coping component is more effective. Collapse

Topics: smart home data security self efficacy mobile system data quality

Methods: survey post-hoc analysis experiment robustness check chi squared test

Theories: fear appeal theory appraisal theory protection motivation theory

Nudging Raters towards Feedback: Effects of Regulatory Focus and Idea Partitioning on Rater’s Attendance on and their Tendency to Follow Feedback Information in Idea Selection

2022 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Wibmer, Arnold

Abstract: In idea selection, raters can attend and rely on information from multiple sourc ... Expand

Abstract: In idea selection, raters can attend and rely on information from multiple sources to determine which ideas are worthy for further consideration. Since that information can include feedback from external sources (e.g. number of likes from a community), it has the potential to act as anchor cues that impact decision making. Up to now, little is known about the susceptibility of raters to such information depends on individual’s motivational orientation (regulatory focus) as well as on the number of ideas presented simultaneously per subset. Using eye-tracking methods, findings show that anchoring-effect is less salient when raters were primed to prevention focus, although they searched more extensively for feedback information than their counterparts with promotion focus. Moreover, reducing the number of presented ideas per subset in prevention focus further decreased susceptibility to anchor cues. Collapse

Topics: information storage and retrieval system innovation management decision making task complexity

Methods: experiment survey multivariate analysis of covariance oculometry eye tracking tool

Attribution of Responsibility after Failures within Platform Ecosystems

2021 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 2

Authors: Dunn, Brian; Jensen, Matthew L.; Ralston, Ryan

Abstract: As digital platform ecosystems grow in prominence, their interconnectedness and ... Expand

Abstract: As digital platform ecosystems grow in prominence, their interconnectedness and complexity also grow, making operational failure likely. How failures in such systems affect user perceptions of separate ecosystem components, however, is not well understood. This research investigates attribution of responsibility and discontinuance recommend ations for ecosystem components after failures of ambiguous origin. Building on attribution theory, platform ecosystems literature, and research on digital borders, we conducted two scenario-based experiments investigating negative consequences of failure for ecosystem components. We also explored contingent effects from design elements (border strength) and contextual factors (disruption severity). Results demonstrated that when failures occur, negative consequences diffuse to all ecosystem components, with apps receiving the strongest discontinuance recommendations. Greater disruption severity increased discontinuance recommendations for the app. Furthermore, border strength between ecosystem components shifted negative consequences for failure toward the platform (e.g., operating system [OS] and device). Perceptions of locus and controllability were the primary mechanisms driving attributions of responsibility for failure. However, contrary to attribution theory, lack of failure stability increased blame for the app instead of reducing it. Despite higher coordination costs, our results indicate the importance of better-integrated ecosystems that experience fewer faults and that app developers bear the greatest burden in delivering this experience. Furthermore, attribution for failure can be shaped by clearly delineated borders. Thus, design decisions affecting border strength should be actively managed by ecosystem participants, and app developers may be incentivized to elevate border strength. Collapse

Topics: mobile application digital ecosystem smartphone Oracle database digital platform

Methods: experiment Bonferroni correction ANOVA parametric test multivariate analysis of covariance

Theories: attribution theory