Too Tired and in Too Good of a Mood to Worry About Privacy: Explaining the Privacy Paradox Through the Lens of Effort Level in Information Processing

2023 | Information Systems Research | Citations: 0

Authors: Alashoor, Tawfiq; Keil, Mark; Smith, H. Jeff; McConnell, Allen R.

Abstract: The confluence of digital transactions, growing cybersecurity threats, and the i ... Expand

Abstract: The confluence of digital transactions, growing cybersecurity threats, and the internet of the future (e.g., web 3.0 and the metaverse) have made information privacy increasingly important to consumers and companies that rely on consumers willingly sharing their personal information. Although information privacy has been of interest to researchers for decades and much has been learned, one thing that perplexes scholars is the privacy paradox, which we define as a mismatch between stated privacy concerns and actual disclosure behaviors. In this paper, we shed light on this phenomenon and show that low-effort information processing triggered by cognitive depletion (Experiment 1), positive mood (Experiment 2), or both (Experiment 3) significantly attenuates the association between stated privacy concerns and disclosure behaviors. These findings do not indicate that individuals do not care about privacy because we find consistent evidence in the three experiments for a significant negative association between stated privacy concerns and disclosure behaviors when individuals have sufficient cognitive capacity (Experiment 1), experience a negative (or neutral) mood (Experiment 2), or have sufficient cognitive capacity coupled with a negative mood state (Experiment 3). Our findings reveal that the paradox is neither an absolute phenomenon nor a myth, but its existence is conditional on contextual factors, including psychological factors related to information processing. We discuss our contribution to privacy theory and provide implications for consumers, companies, and policymakers. History: Alessandro Acquisti, Senior Editor; Idris Adjerid, Associate Editor. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2022.1182. Collapse

Topics: information privacy concern privacy decision making mobile application task productivity

Methods: experiment descriptive statistic statistical hypothesis test theory development Student's t-test

Theories: elaboration likelihood model

The regulation of and through information technology: Towards a conceptual ontology for IS research

2023 | Journal of Information Technology | Citations: 0

Authors: Butler, Tom; Gozman, Daniel; Lyytinen, Kalle

Abstract: This special issue addresses a largely neglected area of Information Systems (IS ... Expand

Abstract: This special issue addresses a largely neglected area of Information Systems (IS) research – the regulation of and through Information Technology (IT). As with other human technologies, IT artefacts present risks and can harm individuals, groups, organisations, economies, and society: However, this remains a largely unexplored topic in IS research. Nevertheless, regulators, social commentators, the media, and the public have voiced their concerns about such risks, particularly those related to artificial intelligence (AI), cybersecurity, privacy, digital assets (e.g. cryptocurrencies), and the market dominance of digital platforms. Accordingly, regulations have been instituted or proposed to regulate IT artefacts in and across several business sectors. Additionally, in response to the informational challenges posed by a complex web of laws and regulations, regulators and business organisations have implemented IT artefacts to transform regulatory and supervisory processes or to enhance organisational risk management and compliance reporting capabilities. This special issue addresses the research challenges related to emergent issues surrounding the regulation of and through IT. In this editorial, we take stock of where the field currently stands. We advance a conceptual ontology of IT regulation to guide future research by specifying several taken-for-granted core concepts. By rendering the concepts, categories, and their relationships explicit, the model and its related research questions provide a firm foundation to generate a cumulative body of research on the regulation of and through IT. Collapse

Topics: digital platform information technology infrastructure knowledge representation big data innovation management

Methods: design artifact ontological modelling qualitative content analysis theory development literature study

Theories: institutional theory theory of affordance general systems theory

IT-based regulation of personal health: Nudging, mobile apps and data

2023 | Journal of Information Technology | Citations: 0

Authors: Davidson, Elizabeth; Winter, Jenifer Sunrise; Chiasson, Mike

Abstract: Mobile health applications and devices (“mobile health apps”) play increasingly ... Expand

Abstract: Mobile health applications and devices (“mobile health apps”) play increasingly important roles in the lives of individuals interested in self-regulating their personal health behaviors. While some appear to be simply consumer products and services, many are embedded in regulatory programs aimed at compliance with expert guidelines. In this paper, we draw on de Vaujany et al.’s framework for organizational IT-based regulation systems to consider how systems operate in open and distributed contexts in which actors have strong agency and regulation is indirect and voluntary. To do so, we consider how IT artifacts become embedded in practices, how data are implicated in regulatory feedback loops, and how individual, organizational and technological actors are mobilized and with what regulatory outcomes. We develop an instrumental case study as a vignette of five regulatory episodes (continuous glucose monitoring systems used by persons with diabetes) to examine how expert rules materialized in mobile health apps, data about bodily states, and IT features such as displays and alarms “nudge” individuals towards compliance with self-regulatory guidelines and practices. Through this analysis, we identify two related regulatory affordances of mobile health apps for predicting and surveilling personal health. We theorize how multilevel networks composed of trifecta of rules, IT artifacts, and practices develop as a regulatory lattice through which social regulation is realized. We conclude by considering the broader implications of this analytical approach to study voluntary, data-enriched regulatory systems. Collapse

Topics: mobile health affordance mobile application sensemaking health information system

Methods: design artifact theory development case study wearables based research

Theories: theory of affordance

The importance of theory at the Information Systems Journal

2023 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 0

Authors: Díaz Andrade, Antonio; Tarafdar, Monideepa; Davison, Robert M.; Hardin, Andrew; Techatassanasoontorn, Angsana A.; Lowry, Paul Benjamin; Chatterjee, Sutirtha; Schwabe, Gerhard

Abstract: Theory is a crucial aspect of the information systems (IS) discipline. Authors ... Expand

Abstract: Theory is a crucial aspect of the information systems (IS) discipline. Authors draw from articles on how to develop theory and from the theories themselves to anchor knowledge contributions. Editors and reviewers expect to see novel theoretical insights in conjunction with empirical rigour and sophistication (cf. Hardin et al., 2022). The thinking of PhD students is shaped by discussions on the importance of theory through formal coursework and research seminars, as well as socialisation with peers, supervisors and senior scholars in the field. Journals often solicit submissions to special issues that champion particular kinds of theory or theories on specific topics, for example indigenous theory (Davison, 2021). Advice is given to authors in different ways that they can theorise (Hassan et al., 2022;Hong et al., 2014;Sandberg & Alvesson, 2021;Weick, 1989). The peer review process emphasises the importance of theory and tends to reject research articles that lack substantial theoretical contribution.However, assessing theoretical contributions is often a challenging task. IS scholars research a variety of topics with a pluralistic set of methods and epistemological approaches , which have several implications for our engagement with theory. Traditionally, reference disciplines have informed the diversity of topics IS scholars investigate. The IS field is at a point in its disciplinary evolution where we are seeing an even greater ambit of the application and use of IS, which fosters new topics being investigated from different epistemological and methodological viewpoints as well as new types of contributions . Consequently, IS theories take on different roles for different types of epistemologies and methods, and not understanding or respecting these differences can lead to unreasonable or unbalanced evaluation of papers.In addition to the diversity of theoretical approaches, we also perceive differences in the nature of engagement with theory. For example, papers that analyse large amounts of secondary data (textual and numerical, structured and unstructured) often focus on complex empirical techniques to analyse such datasets, often engaging minimally with theory (Miranda et al., 2022). We believe that sophisticated data analysis does not relieve IS researchers from the obligation to make a theoretical contribution. In this context, we believe, that we should take heed of the advice by Gurbaxani and Mendelson (1994) who warned, almost 30 years ago, about 'the risks of ignoring the guidance of theory' and recommended that IS researchers refrain from tinkering with 'atheoretical "black box" extrapolation techniques ' (p. 180).In an earlier editorial in this journal, Davison and Tarafdar (2018) noted how baselines for what is an acceptable contribution in a discipline shift over time. However, it is our view that a robust theoretical contribution should be (and is) a consistent expectation, even if the nature of the theoretical contribution varies. Journals play a key role in establishing baselines and in that spirit, recent and emerging intellectual trends in IS and other disciplines have implications for how we apply and develop theory in IS and point to an evolving and multi-focused role of theory in IS research. Therefore, in this editorial, we revisit and explicate why theory is important at the Information Systems Journal (ISJ) in these emerging scenarios. Seven of the ISJ's regular senior editors ( Collapse

Topics: crowdsourcing information system use digital platform usability user interface

Methods: case study experiment longitudinal survey longitudinal research literature sample

Theories: theory of affordance information systems theory

Digital Therapeutics (DTx)

2023 | Business & Information Systems Engineering | Citations: 0

Authors: Fürstenau, Daniel; Gersch, Martin; Schreiter, Stefanie

Abstract: ... Expand

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Topics: artificial intelligence computer hardware mobile application mobile system mobile health

Methods: design artifact

Application of Fourth Industrial Revolution Technologies in Healthcare

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Gama, Nkosinathi; Adebesin, Funmi

Abstract: The aim of this systematic literature review (SLR) is to explore how Fourth Ind ... Expand

Abstract: The aim of this systematic literature review (SLR) is to explore how Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) digital technologies are transforming the healthcare sector. Peer-reviewed, full-text research papers published between January 2016 and April 2021, which focused on data-driven healthcare, health data management systems, and the disruptive role of digital technologies in healthcare were retrieved from three electronic databases, namely PubMed Central, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and MEDLINE. Articles included in the SLR were identified and selected using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. Three main themes were identified from 84 research papers included in the SLR, namely, (i) digital technologies driving the transformation of healthcare, (ii) the impact of digital transformation on healthcare, and (iii) areas of transformation in healthcare. The results showed that technological innovations can mitigate the impact of unequal distribution of healthcare services, reduce healthcare costs, improve the quality of care, and the quality of life for patients and healthcare professionals. Collapse

Topics: database system electronic health mobile system industry 4.0 production management

Methods: literature sample qualitative content analysis mixed method structured literature research descriptive statistic

Digital Service Innovation for Sustainable Development: A Systematic Literature Review

2023 | International Conference on Business Informatics | Citations: 0

Authors: Heinz, Daniel; Hu, Mingli; Benz, Carina; Satzger, Gerhard

Abstract: Creating and delivering products and services that promote sustainability is in ... Expand

Abstract: Creating and delivering products and services that promote sustainability is increasingly important in today's economy. Novel services based on digital technologies and infrastructure can significantly contribute to sustainable development, as demonstrated by digitally enabled car-sharing services where increased asset utilization reduces production-related greenhouse gas emissions. However, there is still limited knowledge on how digital service innovation can purposefully be applied to promote sustainability.To address this gap, we conduct a systematic literature review and perform a qualitative inductive analysis of 50 articles on the impact of digital service innovation on social, environmental, and economic sustainability. We provide a comprehensive overview of real-world applications and identify five underlying mechanisms through which innovation with digital services can drive sustainable development. In doing so, we aim to pave the way to purposefully conceive, design, and implement digital services for sustainability. Collapse

Topics: innovation management business process innovation IS discipline mobile health digital service

Methods: literature sample structured literature research literature study qualitative content analysis synthesis

Be Mindful of User Preferences: An Explorative Study on Game Design Elements in Mindfulness Applications

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Hu, S.; Usta, A.; Schmidt-Kraepelin, M.; Warsinsky, S.; Thiebes, S.; Sunyaev, A.

Abstract: Mindfulness practices are valuable exercises for physical and mental health. Va ... Expand

Abstract: Mindfulness practices are valuable exercises for physical and mental health. Various digital applications exist that support individuals in practicing mindfulness. Following the trend of gamifying utilitarian systems, many mindfulness applications (MAs) incorporate game design elements (GDEs). However, little is known about users' GDE preferences in this unique context. In line with extant research that investigated users' GDE preferences in other contexts, we conducted an online survey among 168 potential users of MAs. The results indicate that users generally prefer progress, levels, and goals in MAs, while leaderboards and avatars are not highly rated. Furthermore, we identified four contextindependent and three context-dependent rationales that help explain users' GDE preferences. By providing first insights into MAs as a peculiar application context for gamification, our work contributes to advancing knowledge of contextual differences in users' GDE preferences while challenging the extant research assumptions regarding the dominance of contextual factors in forming user preferences. Collapse

Topics: gamification mindfulness logistics management programming language mobile application

Methods: survey regression analysis method descriptive statistic chi squared test field study

Designing an Artifact to Empower Chronic Patients for Monitoring Health During a Pandemic: A COVID-19 Screening App

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: John, Blooma; Jose, Savio; Thomas, Jackson; Kurian, Jayan

Abstract: Chronic diseases have been declared an invisible epidemic by the World Health Or ... Expand

Abstract: Chronic diseases have been declared an invisible epidemic by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2005). Over the past fifty years, the prevalence of chronic conditions has increased, leading to the disease burden caused by cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and mental and substance use disorders (DOH, 2021). Chronic patients need to reimagine how they will empower themselves to effectively manage and monitor their health and wellbeing in a COVID-19 era when frequent in-person health care visits will no longer be feasible. In this study, we propose the dimensions for the design of a mobile-based application that will aid chronic patients and end-users in self-managing and monitoring their health during the pandemic era. Based on an empirical investigation involving pharmacists and researchers, we designed and developed a prototype capable of empowering chronic patients. This study particularly focuses on how technological interventions can help chronic patients self-manage and monitor their health and well-being related to COVID-19 where the user expectations are met with less attrition rates. Collapse

Topics: mobile application pandemic mobile health digital platform mobile system

Methods: literature study design principle design artifact design science

ROLEX: A Novel Method for Interpretable Machine Learning Using Robust Local Explanations

2023 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 2

Authors: Kim, Buomsoo (Raymond); Srinivasan, Karthik; Kong, Sung Hye; Kim, Jung Hee; Shin, Chan Soo; Ram, Sudha

Abstract: Recent developments in big data technologies are revolutionizing the field of h ... Expand

Abstract: Recent developments in big data technologies are revolutionizing the field of healthcare predictive analytics (HPA), enabling researchers to explore challenging problems using complex prediction models. Nevertheless, healthcare practitioners are reluctant to adopt those models as they are less transparent and accountable due to their black-box structure. We believe that instance-level, or local, explanations enhance patient safety and foster trust by enabling patient-level interpretations and medical knowledge discovery. Therefore, we propose the RObust Local EXplanations (ROLEX) method to develop robust, instance-level explanations for HPA models in this study. ROLEX adapts state-of-the-art methods and ameliorates their shortcomings in explaining individual-level predictions made by black-box machine learning models. Our analysis with a large real-world dataset related to a prevalent medical condition called fragility fracture and two publicly available healthcare datasets reveals that ROLEX outperforms widely accepted benchmark methods in terms of local faithfulness of explanations. In addition, ROLEX is more robust since it does not rely on extensive hyperparameter tuning or heuristic algorithms. Explanations generated by ROLEX, along with the prototype user interface presented in this study, have the potential to promote personalized care and precision medicine by providing patient-level interpretations and novel insights. We discuss the theoretical implications of our study in healthcare, big data, and design science. Collapse

Topics: explainable artificial intelligence usability user interface local interpretable model agnostic explanation problem solving

Methods: machine learning design artifact computational algorithm longitudinal research ablation analysis

Theories: lemon market theory