Artificial Intelligence as a Service: Trade-Offs Impacting Service Design and Selection

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Brecker, Kathrin; Lins, Sebastian; Trenz, Manuel; Sunyaev, Ali

Abstract: AI as a Service (AIaaS) is a promising path to leverage AI capabilities from th ... Expand

Abstract: AI as a Service (AIaaS) is a promising path to leverage AI capabilities from the cloud. However, there is no one-size-fits-all service, but heterogenous service options since interdependent AIaaS characteristics require trade-offs. We lack knowledge on these tradeoffs and how they result from conflicting characteristics. Therefore, we interviewed 39 AIaaS providers, customers, and consultants to provide rich descriptions of interdependent characteristics and uncover resulting trade-offs and their consequences. This study contributes to a better understanding of the inner functioning and interplay of AIaaS characteristics and discusses how this complex nature of service offerings impacts providers' design and customers' selection decisions. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence cloud computing ease of use data protection economies of scale

Methods: qualitative interview design artifact constant comparative analysis qualitative coding triangulation

Theories: SERVQUAL core competency theory

The Design of Social Inclusion Interventions: A Paradox Approach

2023 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Curto-Millet, Daniel; Cañibano, Almudena

Abstract: Are social inclusion and social exclusion opposed? Through a three-year ethnogr ... Expand

Abstract: Are social inclusion and social exclusion opposed? Through a three-year ethnography of an open source civic crowdsourcing platform aiming for generalized social inclusion, we show they are not. We argue that social inclusion and exclusion have a paradoxical relationship: ongoing tensions exist between them, and information systems shape those tensions. We find that design choices have crucial influence over the capacity of information system interventions to include and exclude and propose a framework for designing IS-based social inclusion interventions. The framework encompasses four types of strategies (positive discrimination, integrative oscillation, equitability and iterative inclusivity) for managing the paradoxical link between inclusion and exclusion through IS design. We also present the notion of "collectives" as a new way of thinking about exclusion criteria. Collapse

Topics: systems design crowdsourcing mobile application software developer open source

Methods: qualitative coding qualitative interview ethnography personal interview longitudinal research

Theories: sociomaterialism theory

Sustaining complementor engagement in digital platform ecosystems: Antecedents, behaviours and engagement trajectories

2023 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 2

Authors: Engert, Martin; Evers, Julia; Hein, Andreas; Krcmar, Helmut

Abstract: Digital platform ecosystems increasingly dominate the enterprise software domain ... Expand

Abstract: Digital platform ecosystems increasingly dominate the enterprise software domain, and the persistence of platforms depends on the sustained engagement of complementors. However, there is a limited understanding of its antecedents, complementors' evaluation of antecedents and the manifestations and dynamic changes of complementors' engagement. Therefore, we investigate complementors' engagement within platform ecosystems over time. We draw on actor and stakeholder engagement from service research to conceptualise complementor engagement (CE) and create an integrated empirical understanding of CE and its dynamics in digital platform ecosystems. Our embedded case study builds on 30 interviews with complementors in Anubis and Osiris enterprise software platform ecosystems. Inductive data analysis reveals five CE antecedents: platform resources and rules, platform value proposition, platform agents, customer needs and other complementors' value propositions. The antecedents are associated with three CE behaviours: generating, networking and synchronising. Further analysis of CE over time resulted in 26 different sequences representing stable and changing engagement trajectories, the latter comprising selective, growing and abating engagement as subcategories. We show how complementors' evaluations of antecedents lead to behaviour changes, providing a novel perspective on the dynamics underlying CE. Finally, we link complementors' evaluation outcomes to their (dis)satisfaction, contributing to the discussion on what drives and impedes CE. The findings implicate the debate on dynamic platform governance and inform platform owners about using cooperative and competitive approaches in the short and long term. Collapse

Topics: digital ecosystem platform governance enterprise information system digital platform innovation management

Methods: qualitative interview case study qualitative coding design artifact theory development

Digital consumers and the new ‘search’ practices of born digital organisations

2023 | Information and Organization | Citations: 0

Authors: Hafezieh, Najmeh; Pollock, Neil

Abstract: Consumers play an increasingly central role in born digital organisations, inclu ... Expand

Abstract: Consumers play an increasingly central role in born digital organisations, including driving new approaches to consumer interaction, communication, and marketing. However, we know little about how born digital organise internally to manage and respond to consumer demands. In this paper, we studied an organisation providing online travel services where its aim was to reorganise internally, in relation to consumers, through developing a set of ‘search’ practices. The role of search is particularly salient for born digitals, giving rise to new roles and expertise where or­ ganisations attempt to pre-empt user actions. Through qualitative research, we show how a born digital organisation creates new practices that we label pre-emptive, reactive, reflective and adaptive. Our main finding is that rapidly and constantly reconfiguring practices, what these new experts call ‘constructive disruption’, is essential for born digitals to manage relationships with consumers. Our paper contributes by providing a better understanding of practices within born digital organisations, and specifically the practices born digitals use to navigate unpredictable emerging changes and produce constant novelty for customers. We also contribute to the concept of search and provide examples of how it might be employed to better understand digital organising and digital transformation. Collapse

Topics: marketing management innovation management social media Facebook digital innovation

Methods: qualitative interview field study case study triangulation company material

The Future of Digital Platform Design - The Case of the EU Platform Regulation Discourse

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 1

Authors: Heimburg, Vincent; Schmitt, Julian; Wiesche, Manuel

Abstract: Digital platform research focuses on the mechanisms in digital platform ecosyst ... Expand

Abstract: Digital platform research focuses on the mechanisms in digital platform ecosystems and the dynamics between platform owners, complementors, and end-users. Recent studies are beginning to look beyond the boundaries of narrow platform ecosystems. The development of the European Union's DigitalMarkets Act (DMA) is a revelatory case to study this wider perspective. Hundreds of actors participated in discourses on the regulation, which aims to regulate so-called gatekeeper platforms that are allegedly powerful, unfair to platform users, and incontestable for competitors. By means of a critical discourse analysis, we coded 1720 contributions on the proposed and adopted DMA between June 2020 and July 2022. We identify 72 positions and 14 narratives along five discourses. Our study creates a better understanding of a wider perspective of platform ecosystem structure that goes beyond the triangle of platform owner, complementors, and end users. Collapse

Topics: digital ecosystem closed platform value creation participatory design electronic market

Methods: qualitative coding design methodology qualitative content analysis memoing grounded theory

Competency Maturing grounded theory

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Ogundipe, Tejumade; Brown, Irwin; Johnston, Prof Kevin

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse

Topics: IT skill IS education IS curriculum IS discipline research and development

Methods: grounded theory qualitative interview survey qualitative coding constant comparative analysis

Investigating information and communication technology-enabled national development as a multi-level social process

2023 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 0

Authors: Ramadani, Luthfi; Breidbach, Christoph F.; Kurnia, Sherah

Abstract: Are centralised or decentralised strategies more suitable to address a developin ... Expand

Abstract: Are centralised or decentralised strategies more suitable to address a developing nation's socio-economic challenges through information and communication technology (ICT)? We respond to this long-standing question by conceptualising ICT-enabled national development as a multi-level social process and by drawing on empirical findings from a natural experiment set in the context of health information system projects in Indonesia. Our study demonstrates that successful ICT-enabled national development is not contingent on pursuing one strategy or the other but on how micro-level actors interpret, and subsequently respond to, these strategies and the local changes they trigger. Our findings indicate that centralisation and decentralisation are complementary rather than competing strategies to ICT-enabled national development because, if integrated into a hybrid strategy, decentralisation enables local communities to achieve national development outcomes commonly attributed to centralisation. As such, our work provides empirical evidence, explanations and new theoretical insight into the wider ‘centralisation versus decentralisation’ debate, while also outlining avenues for future research and guidelines for policymakers. Collapse

Topics: laptop computer information technology infrastructure health information system IT skill human resource management

Methods: qualitative interview case study natural experiment field study personal interview

They Work with Data and Do Some Science: How Identity Conflict Turns Data Professionals away from Data Science

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Rosa, Marta; Aikath, Devdeep; Mayer, Anne

Abstract: Data science is widely perceived as an attractive, lucrative, and prestigious e ... Expand

Abstract: Data science is widely perceived as an attractive, lucrative, and prestigious emerging occupation. Research so far has focused on understanding data scientists' practices and identity work associated with establishing and legitimizing this new occupation. This work, however, is not sufficient to explain a phenomenon we observed whereby professionals rejected the opportunity to adopt this new occupational identity. To understand why professionals may not want to be labeled data scientists, we analyzed 43 interviews with data professionals at an educational measurement company in the U.S. Despite a clear steer from management towards the data science label, many interviewees stuck to their established professional identities. In our preliminary findings, we use the literature on identity conflict as a lens to make sense of our observations. By identifying three types of conflicts: 1) task conflict, 2) role conflict, 3) tool conflict, we begin to explain what turns professionals away from data science. Collapse

Topics: database system structured query language Tableau software programming language relational database

Methods: qualitative interview grounded theory machine learning personal interview qualitative coding

How Engineers perform Data Science Work: Designing Hybrid Roles

2023 | International Conference on Business Informatics | Citations: 0

Authors: Schmid, Amelie Lena; Wiesche, Manuel

Abstract: As of today, organizations are still struggling to derive consistent value from ... Expand

Abstract: As of today, organizations are still struggling to derive consistent value from data science projects. The basic relevance of domain knowledge for data science work can be considered as common sense. Engineers, in particular, offer a unique view on emerging data science work, based on their critical role within traditional industries. As a constraint, current studies on data science work consider domain experts as rather passive and engineering-related studies are rare. To further explore these challenges, the present study analyses data science work of 30 engineers at an international automotive supplier. Investigating three cases, the evolvement of hybrid data science work can be derived, which combines two perspectives: engineering and data science. Thus, engineers actively incorporate the data science perspective, particularly when development activities involve minimal participation of data scientists. This contribution significantly enhances existing knowledge by demonstrating how engineers embrace the data scientists' perspective and perform hybrid data work. Collapse

Topics: decision making

Methods: qualitative interview qualitative coding personal interview data modeling grounded theory

AI in Government: A Study on Explainability of High-Risk AI-Systems in Law Enforcement & Police Service

2023 | International Conference on Business Informatics | Citations: 0

Authors: Walke, Fabian; Bennek, Lars; Winkler, Till

Abstract: Law enforcement and police service are, related to the proposed AI Act of the E ... Expand

Abstract: Law enforcement and police service are, related to the proposed AI Act of the European Commission, part of the high-risk area of artificial intelligence (AI). As such, in the area of digital government and high-risk AI systems exists a particular responsibility for ensuring ethical and social aspects with AI usage. The AI Act also imposes explainability requirements on AI, which could be met by the usage of explainable AI (XAI). The literature has not yet addressed the characteristics of the high-risk area law enforcement and police service in relation to compliance with explainability requirements. We conducted 11 expert interviews and used the grounded theory method to develop a grounded model of the phenomenon AI explainability requirements compliance in the context of law enforcement and police service. We discuss how the model and the results can be useful to authorities, governments, practitioners and researchers alike. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence explainable artificial intelligence open source organization structure government system

Methods: qualitative coding qualitative interview grounded theory case study literature study