From Groups to Communities: A Resource Mobilization Theory Perspective on the Emergence of Communities

2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 1

Authors: Angelopoulos, Spyros; Canhilal, Kubra S.; Hawkins, Matthew A.

Abstract: Groups and communities have been key topics in the information systems (IS) rese ... Expand

Abstract: Groups and communities have been key topics in the information systems (IS) research agenda. While communities are assumed to emerge at the intersection of overlapping groups and their practices, prior research has mainly focused on their dynamics and evolution. This has resulted to limited empirical support regarding the emergence of communities. We address that lacuna by tracing the emergence of communities through the prism of resource mobilization theory. In doing so, we make use of a unique longitudinal dataset and incorporate Topic Modelling, Bipartite Network Analysis, and Community Detection. We show that new communities are formed at the intersection of overlapping groups and practices. In addition, we contribute to the IS literature by demonstrating that their emergence occurs due to resource mobilization that gives rise to a shared mindset. We also reveal that multiple resources are incorporated into the practices of an emerging community. By combining large datasets and innovative computational approaches, we help IS theory and practice to move away from traditional "what" questions towards the more insightful "how" ones. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our work and delineate an agenda for future research on the topic. Collapse

Topics: accounting identity theft database system

Methods: longitudinal research theoretical contribution theory development network analysis topic model

Theories: information systems theory

ICT-Based Country-Level Determinants of Social Media Diffusion

2023 | Information Systems Frontiers | Citations: 0

Authors: Arayankalam, Jithesh; Krishnan, Satish

Abstract: There is a broad consensus that social media platforms have become critical tool ... Expand

Abstract: There is a broad consensus that social media platforms have become critical tools for policymakers in achieving various policy objectives in a country. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the ICT-based country-level determinants of social media diffusion has become necessary. To this end, we propose a government-people-technology (GTP) framework for categorizing the ICT-based country-level determinants of social media diffusion into three dimensions. Using this framework and utilizing archival data from 107 countries, we examine the roles of ICT in the government's vision, ICT law maturity, Internet bandwidth, ICT cost, ICT skill, and capacity to own ICT in influencing social media diffusion. A quantile panel data regression results reveal that ICT in the government's vision, ICT law maturity, Internet bandwidth, and capacity to own ICT were positively associated with social media diffusion. In contrast, ICT cost was negatively associated with it. Thus, by offering a new framework, we contribute to the technology diffusion literature by emphasizing the role of government, people, and supportive technologies in driving social media diffusion at the country level. Collapse

Topics: social media IT investment internet technology IT skill technology diffusion

Methods: longitudinal research regression analysis method post-hoc analysis cross sectional research archival research

Theories: theory of everything

The social fabric framework: steps to eliciting the social making of organisations in the digital age

2023 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Avital, Michel; Jensen, Tina Blegind; Dyrby, Signe

Abstract: The proliferation of enterprise social media generates an ever-growing record of ... Expand

Abstract: The proliferation of enterprise social media generates an ever-growing record of digital traces that provides ample opportunities to study the social making of organisations. Subsequently, we present the social fabric framework, which comprises a structured five-step approach for eliciting, interpreting, and representing the situated social idiosyncrasies and underlying patterns of the social making of organisations. The paper focuses on the application of the social fabric framework as a research method. However, the framework also lends itself to practice as a diagnostic tool that can detect emergent changes in the social fabric of an organisation as well as support organisational development and change. Moreover, by providing a vocabulary for articulating the social making of organisations, the framework can help organisation members reify their dispositions, make sense of the social dynamics, and enable a constructive discussion at the grassroots level about any controversy or aspiration. Collapse

Topics: social media information exchange accounting enterprise social media

Methods: longitudinal research cluster analysis qualitative coding cross sectional research time series analysis

What Makes Digital Technology? A Categorization Based on Purpose

2023 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Baier, Marie-Sophie; Berger, Stephan; Kreuzer, Thomas; Oberländer, Anna; Röglinger, Maximilian

Abstract: Digital technology (DT) is creating and shaping today's world. Building on its ... Expand

Abstract: Digital technology (DT) is creating and shaping today's world. Building on its identity and history of technology research, the Information Systems discipline is at the forefront of understanding the nature of DT and related phenomena. Understanding the nature of DT requires understanding its purposes. Because of the growing number of DTs, these purposes are diversifying, and further examination is needed. To that end, we followed an organizational systematics paradigm and present a taxonomic theory for DT that enables its classification through its diverse purposes. The taxonomic theory comprises a multi-layer taxonomy of DT and purpose-related archetypes, which we inferred from a sample of 92 real-world DTs. In our empirical evaluation, we assessed the reliability, validity, and usefulness of the taxonomy and archetypes. The taxonomic theory exceeds existing technology classifications by being the first that (1) has been rigorously developed, (2) considers the nature of DT, (3) is sufficiently concrete to reflect the diverse purposes of DT, and (4) is sufficiently abstract to be persistent. Our findings add to the descriptive knowledge on DT, advance our understanding of the diverse purposes of DT, and lay the ground for further theorizing. Our work also supports practitioners in managing and designing DTs. Collapse

Topics: knowledge base perceived usefulness competitive advantage decision making technology adoption

Methods: cluster analysis theory development longitudinal data analysis focus group computational algorithm

Theories: information systems theory sociomaterialism theory

Design Theory for Societal Digital Transformation: The Case of Digital Global Health

2023 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Braa, Jørn; Sahay, Sundeep; Monteiro, Eric

Abstract: With societal challenges, including but not limited to human development, equit ... Expand

Abstract: With societal challenges, including but not limited to human development, equity, social justice, and climate change, societal-level digital transformation (SDT) is of imminent relevance and theoretical interest. While building on local-level efforts, societal-level transformation is a nonlinear extension of the local level. Unfortunately, academic discourse on digital transformation has largely left SDT unaccounted for. Drawing on more than 25 years of intensive, interventionist research engagement with the digital transformation of public healthcare information management and delivery in more than 80 countries in the Global South, we contribute to theorizing SDT in the form of a design theory consisting of six interconnected design principles. These design principles articulate the interplay and tensions of accommodating over time increased diversity and flexibility in digital solutions, while simultaneously connecting local, national, and regional/ global efforts. inception in three townships in post-apartheid South Africa, different versions and configurations of the DHIS have been adopted by more than 80 countriesincluding all but two African countries south of the Sahara, Norway, and other "developed" countriesthrough the efforts of universities, ministries of health, international organizations, funding, and various other agencies. Its ambition highlights the concerns of equity, inclusiveness, and ideology-that is, making design "that matters" (Bødker & Kyng, 2018) for society.According to Markus and Rowe (2021), the study of SDT to date remains underresearched (cf. also Vial, 2019), despite its tremendous significance in the different facets of social life globally. This mirrors the general critique that Jørn Braa is a professor at the University of Oslo, Norway, where he has spent much of his professional career initiating, cultivating, and promoting interventionist research on and around the DHIS2/ HISP efforts. He is the "father" of the project. His work has been published in outlets including the MIS Quarterly, The Information Society, Information Technology for Development, and in books.Sundeep Sahay is a professor at the University of Oslo, Norway and for the last couple of decades has been engaged in the DHIS2/ HISP project, with a main focus on Asia in general and India in particular. His work has been published in outlets including MIS Quarterly, Information and Organization, Information Systems Research, and in books.Eric Monteiro is a professor at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology and an adjunct professor at the University of Oslo. He has a long-term, low-intensity engagement with DHIS2/ HISP spanning more than two decades. His work has been published in outlets including MIS Quarterly, European Journal of Information Systems, Journal of the Association for Information Systems, and a recent book. Collapse

Topics: public good digital transformation digital innovation information management health information system

Methods: design theory synthesis theory development theoretical contribution longitudinal research

The Crisis in Local Newspapers and Organizational Wrongdoing: The Role of Community Social Connectedness

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Choi, Tony Jaehyun; Valente, Mike

Abstract: Drawing on institutional anomie theory, we examine how the crisis in local newsp ... Expand

Abstract: Drawing on institutional anomie theory, we examine how the crisis in local newspapers has induced organizational wrongdoings in local communities. We argue that, because local newspapers are the primary source of accountability journalism in local communities, their decline leads to an anomic state that increases the scale of organizational wrongdoing. We also investigate whether institutional complementarity helps overcome the anomic state: Due to functional similarity, community social connectedness compensates for the scarcity of local newspapers. Our analysis of U.S. metropolitan areas for the period of 2007–2015 reveals that the positive relationship between local newspaper scarcity and the scale of organizational wrongdoing is not present in all communities but does appear when a community lacks community social connectedness. We also find that this moderating role of community social connectedness is observed only for internal organizational wrongdoings that are less visible to the public than external ones. Collapse

Topics: digital news missing data decision making social capital database system

Methods: descriptive statistic statistical hypothesis test longitudinal research longitudinal data analysis hierarchical linear modeling

Theories: organizational behavior theory

Distant and Local Knowledge: Investigating the Effect of Changing Interest in Knowledge Generation

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Feiter, Tim; Resch, Christian; Kock, Alexander

Abstract: This study examines how changes between drawing inspiration from distant knowle ... Expand

Abstract: This study examines how changes between drawing inspiration from distant knowledge and focusing on local knowledge affect contributions in online communities. The research compares two theoretical frameworks for understanding knowledge generation: The tension-based view highlights the tensional perspective of initially engaging with distant knowledge before narrowing the focus to specific domains to foster creative behavior. Conversely, the foundational view posits that creative behavior requires local expertise before it is combined with insights from distant knowledge domains. We collected data from 15 Q&A forums hosted by Stack Exchange and used natural language processing to analyze users' contributions and changes in interest. Our findings suggest that both theories explain knowledge generation. Individuals need to engage with more distant knowledge over time but also streamline their interests between local and distant knowledge domains to generate more valuable and novel contributions. The study enriches understanding of knowledge generation in online communities and offers insights into how to support creative individuals. Collapse

Topics: online community social network open innovation innovation management database system

Methods: BERT natural language processing transformer model archival research linear regression analysis

Theories: creativity theory

What do growing early-stage digital start-ups look like? A mixed-methods approach

2023 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Griva, Anastasia; Kotsopoulos, Dimosthenis; Karagiannaki, Angeliki; Zamani, Efpraxia D.

Abstract: Digital entrepreneurship is one of the most important and impactful forms of ent ... Expand

Abstract: Digital entrepreneurship is one of the most important and impactful forms of entrepreneurship. However, the majority of digital start-ups fail to scale, despite their potential to achieve growth. Moreover, what constitutes growth is significantly different for start-ups as compared with established firms: they have limited financial performance, and their growth cannot be accurately measured by metrics such as customers, revenues, profits, and turnover at the early stages of the new venture creation process or before the start-up has reached sus­ tainability. Therefore, the first objective of this research is to contribute to the definition of growth by examining less tangible dimensions of growth. Moreover, the second objective is to identify the characteristics of early-stage digital start-ups experiencing growth. Based on a mixed-methods approach, which combines an adapted Delphi study, a questionnaire-based survey, and a comparative case study, our results suggest that growing digital startups exhibit a set of characteristics that include: an agile culture combining clan with adhocracy; the ability to nurture their absorptive, innovative, and adaptive capabilities effectively; and a human capital with adequate entrepreneurial skills, emotional attachment to and fitness with the start-up. Collapse

Topics: digital entrepreneurship human resource management entrepreneurship innovation management absorptive capacity

Methods: survey delphi study mixed method qualitative interview case study

Theories: dynamic capabilities theory

When Do Firms Crack Under Pressure? Legal Professionals, Negative Role Models, and Organizational Misconduct

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Gonsalves, Leroy

Abstract: Strain theory has long been invoked to explain organizational misconduct, with u ... Expand

Abstract: Strain theory has long been invoked to explain organizational misconduct, with underperformance creating pressure for firms to engage in morally objectionable activities. In this paper, I examine whether underperformance increases the risk of organizational misconduct. Drawing on institutional arguments about professions and social learning, I further predict that when experiencing performance strain, legal professionals will push the boundaries of the law, increasing the risk of misconduct if they have influence over decision making. However, industry peers caught engaging in misconduct should serve as negative role models, reducing the risk of the firm resorting to misconduct to overcome performance shortfalls. I test and find support for these predictions using longitudinal data on material legal claims filed against S&P 1500 firms between 2000 and 2017. The study extends the strain theory of organizational misconduct, identifying how legal professionals and negative role models shape firms’ strategic responses to performance pressure. Collapse

Topics: social media Slack decision making database system missing data

Methods: longitudinal research descriptive statistic robustness check SEC EDGAR Compustat

Theories: general strain theory

IMPACT OF EXPLAINABLE AI ON COGNITIVE LOAD: INSIGHTS FROM AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Herm, Lukas-Valentin

Abstract: While the emerging research field of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) ... Expand

Abstract: While the emerging research field of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) claims to address the lack of explainability in high-performance machine learning models, in practice, XAI targets developers rather than actual end-users. Unsurprisingly, end-users are often unwilling to use XAI-based decision support systems. Similarly, there is limited interdisciplinary research on end-users' behavior during XAI explanations usage, rendering it unknown how explanations may impact cognitive load and further affect end-user performance. Therefore, we conducted an empirical study with 271 prospective physicians, measuring their cognitive load, task performance, and task time for distinct implementationindependent XAI explanation types using a COVID-19 use case. We found that these explanation types strongly influence end-users' cognitive load, task performance, and task time. Further, we contextualized a mental efficiency metric, ranking local XAI explanation types best, to provide recommendations for future applications and implications for sociotechnical XAI research. Collapse

Topics: explainable artificial intelligence task productivity artificial intelligence decision support system shapley additive explanation

Methods: descriptive statistic statistical hypothesis test literature study machine learning survey

Theories: theory of abduction