Human-in-Control: A Human-Centered Model of Adaptation to AI Augmentation

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Afiouni, Rania; Pinsonneault, Alain

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence's (AI) potential to augment knowledge workers' jobs bri ... Expand

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence's (AI) potential to augment knowledge workers' jobs brings about significant transformation in their work, permeating their entire job beyond the automated tasks. Consequently, their established control perceptions can be disrupted. We therefore propose a model of worker adaptation to the AI work environment via personal control processes aimed at aligning the environment and the self. The Humanin-Control (HiC) model is a dialectical process of trust in AI's task execution ability and direct control over tasks that synthesizes in an expectation of delegation success leading to one of four control processes-expansive, opportunistic, investigative, preventive, and disengaging. The reached control state ranges from augmenting to reducing or, in extreme cases, slides down to uncontrollability. These states are transient, with feedback potentially prompting adaptive recalibration and state changes. Our study introduces personal control as an adaptive process in augmentation, expanding adaptation's scope and guiding human-centered empirical investigations of job-wide adaptation. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence knowledge work organizational context accounting

Methods: theory development synthesis

Information systems for sustainable remote workplaces

2023 | Journal of Strategic Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Asatiani, Aleksandre; Norström, Livia

Abstract: This review discusses the challenges associated with the sustainability of remot ... Expand

Abstract: This review discusses the challenges associated with the sustainability of remote workplaces, which have become more prevalent due to the growing trend of work digitalization and the pandemic-induced push to remote work. These challenges are highlighted in literature across various disciplines, including information systems, but these discourses have remained isolated from each other. In this review, we consolidated and synthesized research on remote work from the perspective of individual workers by reviewing 187 articles published between 1999 and 2020 in recognized academic journals from fields including information systems, organizational studies, economics, human resources, sociology, and psychology. We identified five key themes that concern opportunities and challenges to sustainable remote workplaces: (1) key character­ istics, (2) work-life boundaries; (3) health and well-being; (4) social interaction, and (5) lead­ ership. Building on our findings we created a framework that recognizes two interrelated categories of factors influencing remote workplace sustainability – rigid base characteristics and contextual remote workplace variables – that together shape the trajectory of remote workplace sustainability in the long term. The framework also identifies the potential role of information systems in modulating the impact of the base characteristics to build continuities that encourage more sustainable remote workplaces. The paper concludes by offering a research agenda for in­ formation systems for sustainable remote workplaces based on the three IS theoretical frames: inclusion, dignity, and boundary objects. Collapse

Topics: remote work IT supported collaboration green IS pandemic task characteristic

Methods: literature sample literature study laboratory experiment journal ranking mixed method

Theories: boundary objects theory leader–member exchange theory

Editor's Comments: Producing Significant Research

2023 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 0

Authors: Burton-Jones, Andrew; Gray, Peter; Majchrzak, Ann

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse

Topics: data quality artificial intelligence filter bubble social media citizen science

Methods: field study machine learning computational algorithm field experiment applicability check

A temporal graph framework for intelligence extraction in social media networks

2023 | Information & Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Chung, Wingyan; Lai, Vincent S.

Abstract: Social media networks (SMNs) are increasingly used in professional management of ... Expand

Abstract: Social media networks (SMNs) are increasingly used in professional management of knowledge workers and related assets. However, the factors affecting behavioral trends and activity levels in these networks are not well understood. Although social and cognitive theories can help to explain human behavior in traditional social networks, their application to SMNs has not been validated. Traditional social network modeling techniques may not accurately predict real-world SMN activities. This research developed a temporal graph framework for in­ telligence extraction in SMNs. Theory-based, data-driven models (Conformity Model (COM), Recency-Primacy Model (REM), Trend Interaction Model (TIM), Periodic Interaction Model (PIM)) were developed based on the framework to capture various aspects of user behavior: conformity effect, recency, primacy, periodicity, and dynamic trend. The models capture the activity history and dynamically combine pricing information to enhance predictive accuracy. Using data of 83,536 GitHub software repositories on cryptocurrency, this article reports the results of experiments that compare the models’ performance in predicting SMN activities over time. Experi­ mental results show that the model (REM) that captures recency/primacy effects of human cognitive processing outperformed other models in 9 (out of 18) measures pertaining to engagement, contribution, influence, and popularity. Primacy plays a dominant role in predicting engagement, contribution, and popularity, whereas recency plays a key role in predicting influence. Short-term trend (modeled with TIM) was found to yield significantly better performance on predicting user contribution. The models also outperformed an integrated machine learning (IML) model by most measures. Overall, the effects modeled by REM and TIM were found to be more significant than the effects modeled by COM, PIM, and IML. The research contributes to enhancing un­ derstanding of SMN behavior, developing new models to simulate and predict SMN activities, and designing new artifacts for information systems practitioners to manage knowledge assets and to extract SMN intelligence. Collapse

Topics: cryptocurrency social network systems development situation awareness user behavior

Methods: experiment machine learning longitudinal research computational algorithm time series analysis

Theories: psychological theory social contagion theory social interactionist theory social impact theory social sciences theory

The multiplexity of diagrams and prototypes in requirements development

2023 | Information and Organization | Citations: 0

Authors: Ciriello, Raffaele Fabio; Richter, Alexander; Schwabe, Gerhard; Mathiassen, Lars

Abstract: Information systems development (ISD) requires dynamic and flexible ways of wor ... Expand

Abstract: Information systems development (ISD) requires dynamic and flexible ways of working, particularly when developing requirements in collaboration with customers. Although prior research has acknowledged the importance of objects to support ISD practices, there has been a lack of frameworks to help discern the multiple overlapping roles objects play to support requirements development in a variety of ways throughout an ISD project. This paper explores and theorizes this phenomenon by leveraging multiplexity as a theoretical lens to analyze an extensive qualitative data set from a case study at a Swiss multinational banking software provider. Results show how diagrams and prototypes both play the roles of epistemic, activity, boundary, and infrastructure objects as a reflection of how they are used in requirements development. Our analysis articulates how two classical requirements specifications play multiple overlapping roles to support dynamic and flexible ISD practices. Based on these findings, we advance a framework for discerning the multiplex role of objects in practice * Corresponding author. Collapse

Topics: banking sytem intranet software developer innovation management systems design

Methods: design artifact qualitative interview case study qualitative coding field study

Theories: boundary objects theory general systems theory

Towards More Digital Wellbeing in Knowledge Work - A Signaling Theory Perspective

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Clausen, Sünje; Braun, Lea-Marie; Stieglitz, Stefan

Abstract: Knowledge workers increasingly rely on information and communication technologie ... Expand

Abstract: Knowledge workers increasingly rely on information and communication technologies (ICT) in their work. If not managed effectively, this shift can reduce workers’ wellbeing and performance. Accordingly, research on corporate digital responsibility (CDR) urges organizations to implement digital wellbeing initiatives to protect workers. In this research, we investigate which digital wellbeing initiatives are offered by organizations, expected by knowledge workers, and whether such initiatives might provide economic returns in the form of improved organizational attractiveness. Based on signaling theory and following a multi-method approach, we identify digital wellbeing initiatives from websites and social media posts of 25 technology companies and conduct semi-structured interviews with 10 students and young professionals. We discuss the conceptualization of digital wellbeing and the role of digital wellbeing for organizational attractiveness. Our findings provide a starting point for investigating business cases for CDR and can advance understanding and implementation of digital wellbeing both in research and practice. Collapse

Topics: website digital literacy knowledge work social media information system use

Methods: qualitative interview qualitative content analysis mixed method leading question personal interview

Theories: signaling theory

Virtual Collaboration, Organizations and Networks (VCONs)

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Cogburn, D.; Espinosa, J.; Clark, M.; Nordbäck, E.

Abstract: This minitrack for HICSS-56 highlights the continued importance and growth of g ... Expand

Abstract: This minitrack for HICSS-56 highlights the continued importance and growth of geographically distributed collaboration and telework in organizations and networks. The ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic has greatly accelerated this practice in most private, public, and non-profit organizations and reignited interest in this critically important area of research and practice. The minitrack explores several questions related to virtual collaboration, telework and networks, using a wide variety of research methods and approaches. Collapse

Topics: digital ecosystem remote work IT supported collaboration pandemic JavaScript

Methods: qualitative interview survey literature sample case study

The Impact of Social Reputation Features in Innovation Tournaments: Evidence from a Natural Experiment

2023 | Information Systems Research | Citations: 0

Authors: Deodhar, Swanand J.; Gupta, Samrat

Abstract: This study examines how a change in an online reputation system, specifically th ... Expand

Abstract: This study examines how a change in an online reputation system, specifically the addition of a social reputation feature, affects contestant performance in innovation tournaments. Drawing from the literature on peer recognition and social evaluation anxiety, we project competing effects whereby the feature could either enhance or diminish contestant performance. Furthermore, we hypothesize a series of contingent effects involving the soft reserve, a competitive dynamic that unfolds in tournaments, and a determinant of performance in its own right. Specifically, we hypothesize that the direct influence of the social reputation feature on contestant performance would be predicated on the level of two types of soft reserves in an innovation tournament: that created by the focal contestant and that created by competitors. We test these hypotheses leveraging a natural experiment, where an innovation tournament platform (Kaggle.com) introduced a social reputation feature, allowing contestants to follow other contestants unilaterally. Estimates obtained using a panel data set bracketed within a narrow time window (15 days) around the feature launch reveal that the feature significantly improves the performance. We further report that the two types of soft reserves significantly moderate the positive effect of the social reputation feature on contestant performance, whereby the higher the soft reserve, the weaker the effect of the social reputation feature on contestant performance. These findings have several theoretical and practical implications for managing innovation tournaments.History: Manju Ahuja, Senior Editor; Maha Shaikh, Associate Editor.Funding: The authors acknowledge Research & Publications office of IIM Ahmedabad for providing funding for language editing services.Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2022.1118. Collapse

Topics: innovation management online reputation system word of mouth accounting blog

Methods: natural experiment robustness check statistical hypothesis test descriptive statistic computational algorithm

HUMAN-AI COLLABORATION IN EVERYDAY WORK-LIFE PRACTICES: A COREGULATION PERSPECTIVE

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Ekandjo, Talitakuum; Cranefield, Jocelyn; Chiu, Yi-Te

Abstract: Driven by the growing integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into daily wo ... Expand

Abstract: Driven by the growing integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into daily work, this study investigates the Human-Intelligent Personal Assistants (IPAs) coregulation of work-life practices. Guided by an interpretive case study of Microsoft Viva Insights (MVI), we focus on the participation and influence ofIPAs in daily work-life practices. Our findings reveal three coregulatory roles adopted by IPAsrationalist, normalist, and moralist-that influence personal productivity, social bonding and relationship management, self-care, and work-life boundary management practices. By diving deeper into the human-AI relationship from a coregulation perspective, we contribute to the emerging IS literature on the nature and role of AI in transforming how people work. Our research provides valuable insights for practitioners, developers, and scholars aiming to enhance AI design and management, and investigate AI's broader impact on human behaviours at work. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence productivity electronic mail privacy digital dashboard

Methods: qualitative interview qualitative coding autoethnography synthesis theory development

Artificial Intelligence and Digital Work: The Sociotechnical Reversal

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Fischer, L.; Wunderlich, N.; Baskerville, R.

Abstract: A well-designed information system (IS) in the classical view comprises two int ... Expand

Abstract: A well-designed information system (IS) in the classical view comprises two interrelated yet different subsystems; one that represents the technological dimension of work; and one that represents the social dimension. When these subsystems are heralded as equally important, they constitute a sociotechnical whole, producing economic outcomes such as profit and efficiency, plus humanistic outcomes, such as engagement and well-being. We see, increasingly, this classical view becoming obliviated. In this conceptual paper, we reflect upon the role of humans and technology in these changing work environments. While technical aspects from Artificial Intelligence and digital technologies are dominating the social side of work, we suggest a sociotechnical reversal to happen. Whereas this technosocial reality might be well motivated by advances in efficiency and productivity, the effects on well-being and engagement are less well understood. Consequently, we provide a set of theoretically derived principles to guide these changes in the digital workplace. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence IT work datafication knowledge work societal evaluation criteria

Methods: theory development

Theories: socio technical theory sociotechnical systems theory