The Agency to Implement Voice: How Target Hierarchical Position and Competence Changes the Relationship Between Voice and Individual Performance

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Burris, Ethan R.; McClean, Elizabeth J.; Detert, Jim R.; Quigley, Tim J.

Abstract: Although voice is communication that is intended to benefit the performance of c ... Expand

Abstract: Although voice is communication that is intended to benefit the performance of collectives, little is known about the benefits or costs to individual task performance and what mechanisms drive these effects. Our research offers new theory to articulate and illustrate the conditions under which voice has positive versus negative effects on individual task performance by directly acknowledging that employees have many options for where to direct their ideas. We introduce an agency perspective on voice by theorizing that one fundamental reason why employees speak up is to generate the implementation of corrective action for issues affecting themselves and to the extent targets of voice have agency to facilitate action through implementation of voice, voicing employees should be more likely to realize performance benefits from speaking up. In a first field study, we present evidence that two characteristics—the hierarchical position of the voice target (boss versus peer) and the competence of the voice target—alter the relationship between voice and the voicing employee’s task performance. In a second field study, using an event-contingent design, we provide evidence of the unique mechanisms underlying how competent managers (via their resources) and competent peers (via their efficacy to act) affect how upward and sideways voices lead to idea implementation. We discuss the theoretical implications of these ideas and findings by highlighting how voice target characteristics influence not just the incidence of voice but also, its outcomes. Funding: This research benefited from financial support through the McCombs Research Excellence Grant. Collapse

Topics: task productivity team productivity individual productivity personality human resource management

Methods: survey statistical hypothesis test qualitative interview chi squared test factor analysis

Theories: social cognitive theory

When Less Is More: How Statistical Discrimination Can Decrease Predictive Accuracy

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Csaszar, Felipe A.; Jue-Rajasingh, Diana; Jensen, Michael

Abstract: Discrimination is a pervasive aspect of modern society and human relations. Stat ... Expand

Abstract: Discrimination is a pervasive aspect of modern society and human relations. Statistical discrimination theory suggests that profit-maximizing employers should use all the information about job candidates, including information about group membership (e.g., race or gender), to make accurate predictions. In contrast, research on heuristics in psychology suggests that using less information can be better. Drawing on research on heuristics, we show that even small amounts of inconsistency can make predictions using group membership less accurate than predictions that do not use this information. That is, whereas statistical discrimination theory implies that better predictions can be achieved by using all available information about an individual (including group characteristics that may be correlated with but do not cause performance), our model shows that using all available information only improves predictive accuracy under a very specific set of conditions, thus suggesting that statistical discrimination often results in worse predictions. By understanding when statistical discrimination improves or worsens predictions, our work cautions decision makers and uncovers paths toward reducing the occurrence of situations in which statistical discrimination benefits predictive accuracy, thus reducing its pervasiveness in society. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1626. Collapse

Topics: productivity individual productivity decision making environmental uncertainty accounting

Methods: machine learning descriptive statistic theoretical contribution survey

Theories: organizational theory

Unravelling the Business Value of Artificial Intelligence

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Du, Kui; Li, Gaoyong; Li, Liang; Zhang, Wei

Abstract: This study aims to investigate how firms can prepare for artificial intelligenc ... Expand

Abstract: This study aims to investigate how firms can prepare for artificial intelligence (AI) adoption and how AI creates business values for adopting firms. We propose that, first, leveraging AI for value creation depends on the presence of an enabling resource foundation, consisting of a stack of technological and managerial resources. According to the real options theory, the stronger such a resource foundation is, the more valuable the option it creates for a firm to adopt AI, and consequently the firm is more likely to exercise the option to adopt. Second, we propose that, after adoption, the depth of AI use can have negative impacts on employee productivity, while the breadth of AI use can have positive impacts. We empirically validate these hypotheses based on a sample of 6,854 manufacturing firms in a coastal province in China. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence individual productivity organizational value value creation productivity

Methods: survey experiment regression analysis method

Theories: real options theory resource based view of the firm options theory

Opinion Paper: “So what if ChatGPT wrote it?” Multidisciplinary perspectives on opportunities, challenges and implications of generative conversational AI for research, practice and policy

2023 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Dwivedi, Yogesh K.; Kshetri, Nir; Hughes, Laurie; Slade, Emma Louise; Jeyaraj, Anand; Kar, Arpan Kumar; Baabdullah, Abdullah M.; Koohang, Alex; Raghavan, Vishnupriya; Ahuja, Manju; Albanna, Hanaa; Albashrawi, Mousa Ahmad; Al-Busaidi, Adil S.; Balakrishnan, Janarthanan; Barlette, Yves; Basu, Sriparna; Bose, Indranil; Brooks, Laurence; Buhalis, Dimitrios; Carter, Lemuria; Chowdhury, Soumyadeb; Crick, Tom; Cunningham, Scott W.; Davies, Gareth H.; Davison, Robert M.; Dé, Rahul; Dennehy, Denis; Duan, Yanqing; Dubey, Rameshwar; Dwivedi, Rohita; Edwards, John S.; Flavián, Carlos; Gauld, Robin; Grover, Varun; Hu, Mei-Chih; Janssen, Marijn; Jones, Paul; Junglas, Iris; Khorana, Sangeeta; Kraus, Sascha; Larsen, Kai R.; Latreille, Paul; Laumer, Sven; Malik, F. Tegwen; Mardani, Abbas; Mariani, Marcello; Mithas, Sunil; Mogaji, Emmanuel; Nord, Jeretta Horn; O’Connor, Siobhan; Okumus, Fevzi; Pagani, Margherita; Pandey, Neeraj; Papagiannidis, Savvas; Pappas, Ilias O.; Pathak, Nishith; Pries-Heje, Jan; Raman, Ramakrishnan; Rana, Nripendra P.; Rehm, Sven-Volker; Ribeiro-Navarrete, Samuel; Richter, Alexander; Rowe, Frantz; Sarker, Suprateek; Stahl, Bernd Carsten; Tiwari, Manoj Kumar; Van Der Aalst, Wil; Venkatesh, Viswanath; Viglia, Giampaolo; Wade, Michael; Walton, Paul; Wirtz, Jochen; Wright, Ryan

Abstract: ☆ This editorial opinion paper provides a subjective viewpoint on the potential ... Expand

Abstract: ☆ This editorial opinion paper provides a subjective viewpoint on the potential impact of generative AI technologies such as ChatGPT in the domains of education, business, and society. Its objective is to offer initial guidance on the opportunities, challenges, and implications associated with these technologies. It is worth noting that, given its nature as an editorial opinion piece, this submission has not undergone a formal double-blind review process but has been reviewed informally by appropriate experts.Transformative artificially intelligent tools, such as ChatGPT, designed to generate sophisticated text indistinguishable from that produced by a human, are applicable across a wide range of contexts. The technology presents opportunities as well as, often ethical and legal, challenges, and has the potential for both positive and negative impacts for organisations, society, and individuals. Offering multi-disciplinary insight into some of these, this article brings together 43 contributions from experts in fields such as computer science, marketing, information systems, education, policy, hospitality and tourism, management, publishing, and nursing. The contributors acknowledge ChatGPT's capabilities to enhance productivity and suggest that it is likely to offer 1 Equal contributions Y.K. Dwivedi et al.International Journal of Information Management 71 (2023) 102642 3 significant gains in the banking, hospitality and tourism, and information technology industries, and enhance business activities, such as management and marketing. Nevertheless, they also consider its limitations, disruptions to practices, threats to privacy and security, and consequences of biases, misuse, and misinformation. However, opinion is split on whether ChatGPT's use should be restricted or legislated. Drawing on these contributions, the article identifies questions requiring further research across three thematic areas: knowledge, transparency, and ethics; digital transformation of organisations and societies; and teaching, learning, and scholarly research. The avenues for further research include: identifying skills, resources, and capabilities needed to handle generative AI; examining biases of generative AI attributable to training datasets and processes; exploring business and societal contexts best suited for generative AI implementation; determining optimal combinations of human and generative AI for various tasks; identifying ways to assess accuracy of text produced by generative AI; and uncovering the ethical and legal issues in using generative AI across different contexts. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence generative AI Twitter privacy innovation management

Methods: chatGPT chatbot generative pre-trained transformer literature study language model

Digital Detox Research: An Analysis of Applied Methods and Implications for Future Studies

2023 | International Conference on Business Informatics | Citations: 0

Authors: Hager, Nina; Stangl, Fabian J.; Riedl, René

Abstract: The development and increasing use of technology worldwide can lead to potentia ... Expand

Abstract: The development and increasing use of technology worldwide can lead to potential negative consequences for individuals' well-being and productivity. To counteract negative consequences, both scientific research and practice have shown increasing interest in digital detox research, a rising phenomenon of abstinence and temporary or complete disengagement from digital technologies. To lay a foundation for future research, we conducted a systemic literature review with a focus on the methodological aspects of the existing empirical digital detox studies. Our literature search process revealed a total of 65 studies. Our analyses of this literature basis revealed five different research fields (communication, education, tourism, well-being and health, work environment), and we analyzed the empirical studies in these fields regarding applied research approach, research method, and sample size. This review provides methodological insights to advance the scientific inquiry on digital detox research, a relatively nascent, yet increasingly relevant research topic. Collapse

Topics: internet technology database system individual productivity Facebook IS discipline

Methods: literature study experiment mixed method survey experimental group

When carrots and sticks meet: A mixed-methods study on internet taxi drivers’ job engagement in the IT-driven sharing economy

2023 | Information & Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Hou, Tingting; Cheng, Xusen; Luo, Xin (Robert)

Abstract: Information technology (IT)-enabled taxi services facilitate people’s lives. How ... Expand

Abstract: Information technology (IT)-enabled taxi services facilitate people’s lives. However, little is known about how Internet taxi employees are motivated and how motivation relates to their job engagement. Using a mixedmethods design, this research explores intrinsic motivators and the effects of external regulations on intrinsic motivation and job engagement. The qualitative study identified three context-specific intrinsic motivators: stress reduction, self-efficacy, and job autonomy. A follow-up quantitative research revealed the significance of external regulations in determining intrinsic motivation and job engagement. The study contributes to knowl­ edge by emphasizing the role of intrinsic motivators and the significance of both monetary incentives and punishment. Collapse

Topics: internet technology intrinsic motivation self efficacy sharing platform missing data

Methods: qualitative interview mixed method survey partial least squares regression PLS tool

Theories: self determination theory

The Role of Combinational Usage Diversity of ES Functions in Affecting Employee Productivity: Considering the Contingent Value of Job Experience

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Huang, Qian; Liu, Hefu; Wang, Yuting; Lu, Yanan

Abstract: This study aims to explore the value of the combinational usage diversity of ES ... Expand

Abstract: This study aims to explore the value of the combinational usage diversity of ES functions in employee productivity, and the potential nonlinear moderating effect of job experience. By collecting the daily ES operation log record and monthly sales record, the study provides new insights into the topic of the value of ES usage. Consistent with our hypotheses, we identified the positive impact of the combinational usage diversity of ES functions, namely combinational variety, disparity, and separation on employee performance. Meanwhile, this study presented the inverted U-shaped moderating effect of job experience on the relationship between combinational variety and separation and employee performance. We elaborate on how these findings contribute to the function usage literature in the information systems field. We also discuss both theoretical and practical contributions. Collapse

Topics: individual productivity task productivity

Methods: robustness check longitudinal research statistical hypothesis test autocorrelation analysis Wald test

Learning in Temporary Teams: The Varying Effects of Partner Exposure by Team Member Role

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Kim, Song-Hee; Song, Hummy; Valentine, Melissa A.

Abstract: In many workplaces, temporary teams convene to coordinate complex work, despite ... Expand

Abstract: In many workplaces, temporary teams convene to coordinate complex work, despite team members having not worked together before. Most related research has found consistent performance benefits when members of temporary teams work together multiple times (team familiarity). Recent work in this area broke new conceptual ground by instead exploring the learning and performance benefits that team members gain by being exposed to many new partners (partner exposure). In contrast to that new work that examined partner exposure between team members who are peers, in this paper, we extend this research by developing and testing theory about the performance effects of partner exposure for team members whose roles are differentiated by authority and skill. We use visit-level data from a hospital emergency department and leverage the ad hoc assignment of attendings, nurses, and residents to teams and the round-robin assignment of patients to these teams as our identification strategy. We find a negative performance effect of both nurses’ and resident trainees’ partner exposure to more attendings and of attendings’ and nurses’ exposure to more residents. In contrast, both attendings and residents experience a positive impact on performance from working with more nurses. The respective effects of residents working with more attendings and with more nurses is attenuated on patient cases with more structured workflows. Our results suggest that interactions with team members in decision-executing roles, as opposed to decision-initiating roles, is an important but often unrecognized part of disciplinary training and team learning. Funding: This work was supported by the New Faculty Startup Fund from Seoul National University; Harvard Business School; Stanford Center for Work, Technology, and Organization; and Stanford Center for Designing Organizational Change. Supplemental Material: The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1585. Collapse

Topics: team productivity individual productivity electronic health record missing data task structure

Methods: Poisson regression qualitative interview statistical hypothesis test archival research experiment

Psychological resilience and job satisfaction and the effectiveness of social media marketing employees

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Kowal, Jolanta; Szymczonek, Szymon

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse

Topics: job satisfaction social media social media marketing marketing management individual productivity

Methods: survey literature study descriptive statistic statistical hypothesis test

Excessive Mobile Use and Family-Work Conflict: A Resource Drain Theory Approach to Examine Their Effects on Productivity and Well-Being

2023 | Information Systems Research | Citations: 0

Authors: Magni, Massimo; Ahuja, Manju K.; Trombini, Chiara

Abstract: While acknowledging the many benefits of anytime-anywhere connectivity, recent r ... Expand

Abstract: While acknowledging the many benefits of anytime-anywhere connectivity, recent research has called for further investigation into the maladaptive side of mobile technology use in the work-family interface realm. We rely on resource drain theory to investigate how family-work conflict (FWC) is linked to excessive use of mobile devices for work purposes during nonwork hours, which, in turn, affects individual productivity and physiological, psychological, and relational well-being. Furthermore, we examine the role of competitive climate as a boundary condition. We conducted a field study across two measurement periods involving 324 individuals and their live-in partners. Our results suggest that FWC affects productivity and well-being through excessive mobile use and that competitive climate amplifies these effects. The study contributes to a better understanding of the excessive mobile use phenomenon focusing on its determinants and its consequences. We discuss the implications of our findings both for theory and practice, and we outline directions for future research.History: Yulin Fang, Senior Editor; Likoebe M. Maruping, Associate Editor.Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2022.1121. Collapse

Topics: mobile system productivity information system use individual productivity pandemic

Methods: survey statistical hypothesis test chi squared test regression analysis method partial least squares regression

Theories: organizational behavior theory