Systems Savvy: Practical Intelligence for Transformation of Sociotechnical Systems

2019 | Group Decision and Negotiation | Citations: 0

Authors: Griffith, Terri L.; Sawyer, John E.; Poole, M. Scott

Abstract: Systems savvy, a new construct derived from foundations of practical intelligenc ... Expand

Abstract: Systems savvy, a new construct derived from foundations of practical intelligence, is the capacity to see the interdependence of technological and social/organizational systems and to construct synergies between them. Understanding systems savvy is valuable for managing the changes that go along with rapidly evolving technical and social/organizational systems that are part of the group decision and negotiation landscape. We first define the construct of systems savvy and position it in recent research on practical intelligence and tacit knowledge. We differentiate it from several other individual characteristics often used in research and practice. We use a critical incident technique with 13 subject matter experts to create a situational judgment test measure of systems savvy that can be used for research or assessments to support training. Preliminary validation of the measure uses a sample of 39 successful professionals and 182 novices. Systems savvy represents a contribution to research streams focused on understanding technology with implications at the team and organizational levels of analysis. We conclude with a discussion of the limitations of the current research and offer possible next steps toward using the systems savvy construct for understanding and supporting the future of work, especially within teams. Collapse

Topics: implicit knowledge virtual teamwork IT supported collaboration systems design sensemaking

Methods: survey descriptive statistic qualitative interview Student's t-test focus group

Theories: sociotechnical systems theory socio technical theory theory of everything

How does e-mail use affect perceived control of time?

2014 | Information & Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Huang, Eugenia Y.; Lin, Sheng-Wei

Abstract: It is well established in the psychology literature that personality predicts pe ... Expand

Abstract: It is well established in the psychology literature that personality predicts performance to some degree. However, personality neither solely nor directly predicts outcomes. Rather, performance and outcomes unfold through context-specific mediating constructs. This study identified two constructs that mediate the relationship between proactivity and perceived control of time in e-mail use and tested the model with data from 251 knowledge workers. The results show that proactivity predicts the perceived control of time in e-mail use through both e-mail-specific time management behavior and e-mail self-efficacy. Further, greater e-mail self-efficacy leads to improved e-mail-specific time management behavior. Collapse

Topics: electronic mail self efficacy personality knowledge work human resource management

Methods: data transformation exploratory factor analysis survey confirmatory factor analysis focus group

Discovering Unobserved Heterogeneity in Structural Equation Models to Avert Validity Threats

2013 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 61

Authors: Becker, Jan-Michael; Rai, Arun; Ringle, Christian M.; Völckner, Franziska

Abstract: A large proportion of information systems research is concerned with developing ... Expand

Abstract: A large proportion of information systems research is concerned with developing and testing models pertaining to complex cognition, behaviors, and outcomes of individuals, teams, organizations, and other social systems that are involved in the development, implementation, and utilization of information technology. Given the complexity of these social and behavioral phenomena, heterogeneity is likely to exist in the samples used in IS studies. While researchers now routinely address observed heterogeneity by introducing moderators, a priori groupings, and contextual factors in their research models, they have not examined how unobserved heterogeneity may affect their findings. We describe why unobserved heterogeneity threatens different types of validity and use simulations to demonstrate that unobserved heterogeneity biases parameter estimates, thereby leading to Type I and Type II errors. We also review different methods that can be used to uncover unobserved heterogeneity in structural equation models. While methods to uncover unobserved heterogeneity in covariance-based structural equation models (CB-SEM) are relatively advanced, the methods for partial least squares (PLS) path models are limited and have relied on an extension of mixture regression-finite mixture partial least squares (FIMIX-PLS) and distance measure-based methods-that have mismatches with some characteristics of PLS path modeling. We propose a new method-prediction-oriented segmentation (PLSPOS)- to overcome the limitations of FIMIX-PLS and other distance measure-based methods and conduct extensive simulations to evaluate the ability of PLS-POS and FIMIX-PLS to discover unobserved heterogeneity in both structural and measurement models. Our results show that both PLS-POS and FIMIX-PLS perform well in discovering unobserved heterogeneity in structural paths when the measures are reflective and that PLS-POS also performs well in discovering unobserved heterogeneity in formative measures. We propose an unobserved heterogeneity discovery (UHD) process that researchers can apply to (1) avert validity threats by uncovering unobserved heterogeneity and (2) elaborate on theory by turning unobserved heterogeneity into observed heterogeneity, thereby expanding theory through the integration of new moderator or contextual variables. Collapse

Topics: mobile phone Microsoft Windows service quality ease of use group support system

Methods: partial least squares regression partial least squares path modeling simulation structural equation modeling computational algorithm

Theories: technology acceptance model SERVQUAL

QUANTIFYING THE QUANTIFIED SELF: A STUDY ON THE MOTIVATION OF PATIENTS TO TRACK THEIR OWN HEALTH

2013 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Gimpel, Henner; Nißen, Marcia; Görlitz, Roland A

Abstract: A new generation of patient-driven healthcare information systems (HIS) is emerg ... Expand

Abstract: A new generation of patient-driven healthcare information systems (HIS) is emerging to advance traditional healthcare services and empower patient self-responsibility. Professional approaches to develop or improve HIS exist alongside evolving individual and community-shared approaches where patients take responsibility for their health data and health. Health Social Networks and the Quantified Self community are examples for such patient-driven initiatives. They inherently focus on empowering self-determination and responsibility. The success of future HIS relies – at least partially – on their engineers’ and developers’ capability to understand and use impulses from their respective target groups. The present study on self-tracking motivations aims to shed light on what drives people to track themselves. To this end, we conducted an exploratory survey with 150 self-trackers and developed a Five-Factor-Framework of Self-Tracking Motivations. The framework includes an inventory of five factors and a psychometrical scale of 19 items to measure individual drivers for self-tracking. Collapse

Topics: blog personality health information system web page Twitter

Methods: survey data transformation principal component analysis confirmatory factor analysis self quantification

Expressed Humility in Organizations: Implications for Performance, Teams, and Leadership

2013 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Owens, Bradley P.; Johnson, Michael D.; Mitchell, Terence R.

Abstract: We draw on eight different lab and field samples to delineate the effects of exp ... Expand

Abstract: We draw on eight different lab and field samples to delineate the effects of expressed humility on several important organizational outcomes, including performance, satisfaction, learning goal orientation, engagement, and turnover. We first review several literatures to define the construct of expressed humility, discuss its implications in social interactions, and distinguish expressed humility from related constructs. Using five different samples, Study 1 develops and validates an observer-report measure of expressed humility. Study 2 examines the strength of expressed humility predictions of individual performance and contextual performance (i.e., quality of team member contribution) relative to conscientiousness, global self-efficacy, and general mental ability. This study also reveals that with regard to individual performance, expressed humility may compensate for lower general mental ability. Study 3 reports insights from a large field sample that examines the relationship between leader-expressed humility and employee retention as mediated by job satisfaction and employee engagement as mediated by team learning orientation. We conclude with recommendations for future research. Collapse

Topics: job satisfaction self efficacy organizational context personality IT personell turnover

Methods: regression analysis method literature study statistical hypothesis test survey robustness check

Theories: big five model organizational behavior theory

Service Quality in Software-as-a-Service: Developing the SaaS-Qual Measure and Examining Its Role in Usage Continuance

2011 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Benlian, Alexander; Koufaris, Marios; Hess, Thomas

Abstract: Despite the need to better understand how customers of software-as-a-service (Sa ... Expand

Abstract: Despite the need to better understand how customers of software-as-a-service (SaaS) solutions perceive the quality of these software services and how these perceptions influence SaaS adoption and use, there is no extant measure that comprehensively captures service quality evaluations in SaaS. Based on previous SERVQUAL and SaaS literature, field interviews and focus groups, a card-sorting exercise, and two surveys of SaaS using companies, we develop, refine, and test SaaS-Qual, a zones-of-tolerance (ZOT)-based service quality measurement instrument specifically for SaaS solutions. Besides validating already established service quality dimensions (i.e., rapport, responsiveness, reliability, and features), we identify two new factors (i.e., security and flexibility) that are essential for the evaluation of service quality of SaaS solutions. SaaS-Qual demonstrates strong psychometric properties and shows high nomological validity within a framework that predicts the continued use of SaaS solutions by existing customers. In addition to developing a validated instrument that provides a fine-grained measurement of SaaS service quality, we also enrich existing research models on information systems continuance. Moreover, the SaaS-Qual instrument can be used as a diagnostic tool by SaaS providers and users alike to spot strengths and weaknesses in the service delivery of SaaS solutions. Collapse

Topics: software as a service service quality perceived usefulness IT manager electronic commerce

Methods: survey data transformation qualitative interview card sorting survey design

Theories: SERVQUAL expectation confirmation theory

Getting Everyone on Board: The Role of Inspirational Leadership in Geographically Dispersed Teams

2009 | Organization Science | Citations: 47

Authors: Joshi, Aparna; Lazarova, Mila B.; Liao, Hui

Abstract: A rich body of research in the area of leadership has examined the influence of ... Expand

Abstract: A rich body of research in the area of leadership has examined the influence of transformational/charismatic forms of leadership on employees' motivation, attitudes, and behaviors. This research is based on the assumption that leaders are able to influence followers based on close, sustained, and personalized contact with them. However, new organizational realities are challenging this assumption. Drawing on the intersections between social identity theory and leadership research, this study highlights the importance of inspirational leaders who, by developing socialized relationships with team members, can foster attitudes that are critical for team effectiveness in geographically dispersed settings. Findings support the role of this form of leadership in dispersed settings. Inspirational leadership emerged as a significant predictor of individuals' trust in team members and commitment to the team. Further, the positive relationship between inspirational leadership and individuals' commitment to the team and trust in team members was strengthened in teams that were more dispersed suggesting that inspirational leaders are important in all contexts but that their importance is underscored in highly dispersed contexts. Finally, shared perceptions of trust and commitment predicted performance at the team level. Collapse

Topics: team productivity virtual teamwork IT supported collaboration remote work task interdependence

Methods: survey statistical hypothesis test data transformation company material factor analysis

Theories: social identity theory

An empirical investigation of the key determinants of data warehouse adoption

2008 | Decision Support Systems | Citations: 43

Authors: Ramamurthy, K. (Ram); Sen, Arun; Sinha, Atish P.

Abstract: Data warehousing (DW) has emerged as one of the most powerful decision support t ... Expand

Abstract: Data warehousing (DW) has emerged as one of the most powerful decision support technologies during the last decade. However, despite the fact that it has been around for some time, DW has experienced limited spread/use and relatively high failure rates. Treating DW as a major IT infrastructural innovation, we propose a comprehensive research model – grounded in IT adoption and organizational theories – that examines the impact of various organizational and technological (innovation) factors on DW adoption. Seven factors – five organizational and two technological – are tested in the model. The study employed rigorous measurement scales of the research variables to develop a survey instrument and targeted 2500 organizations in both manufacturing and services segments within two major states in the United States. A total of 196 firms (276 executives), of which nearly 55% were adopters, responded to the survey. The results from a logistic regression model, initially conceptualizing a direct effect of each of the seven variables on adoption, indicate that five of the seven variables (three organizational factors – commitment, size, and absorptive capacity – and two innovation characteristics — relative advantage and low complexity) are key determinants of DW adoption. Although scope for DW and preexisting data environment within the organization were favorable for adopter firms, they did not emerge as key determinants. However, the study provided an opportunity to explore a more complex set of relationships. This alternative structural model (using LISREL) provides a much richer explanation of the relationships among the antecedent variables and with adoption, the dependent variable. The study, especially the revised conceptualization, contributes to existing research by proposing and empirically testing a fairly comprehensive model of organizational adoption of an information technology (IT) innovation, more specifically a DSS technology. The findings of the study have interesting implications with respect to IT/DW adoption, both for researchers and practitioners. Collapse

Topics: absorptive capacity innovation management logistics management organizational commitment data warehouse

Methods: survey regression analysis method chi squared test SEM tool descriptive statistic

Theories: organizational theory

Structural equation modeling the use of a risk assessment instrument in child protective services

2007 | Decision Support Systems | Citations: 1

Authors: Fitch, Dale

Abstract: Risk assessment instruments have been developed to help human service workers id ... Expand

Abstract: Risk assessment instruments have been developed to help human service workers identify risk factors associated with abusive families. Many such instruments have been incorporated into management information systems in the form of Decision Support Systems (DSS). This paper reports findings from a case study that evaluated a risk assessment instrument as a decision support tool. Respondents considered “usefulness” of the information a more important factor than how easy the system was to use, the configuration of reports or whether the system was up or not. Focus groups were used to explore how to increase the usefulness of the information. Collapse

Topics: decision support system decision making missing data ease of use system reliability

Methods: survey structural equation modeling focus group confirmatory factor analysis data transformation

A conceptual model for quality dimensions for b2c recommender systems

2006 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Bauernfeind, U; Mayr, T; Zins, A

Abstract: During the last ten years numerous research instruments emerged for evaluating t ... Expand

Abstract: During the last ten years numerous research instruments emerged for evaluating the service quality of Web-based information systems. B2C recommender systems are information systems that support users in selecting information, products, or services improving their decision making process. Unfortunately, the majority of these instruments do not acknowledge the full range of recommendation functionalities like personalization, registration, security or satisfaction with the proposals given by recommender systems. Therefore, this study focused on the recently published E-S-QUAL scale developed by Parasuraman et al. (2005). A qualitative item generating procedure was used to extend the conceptualization appropriate for recommender systems. This instrument was tested among 15 different B2C recommenders. The empirical data were used to examine the conceptual stability of the extended measurement model about recommender service quality (rSQ). The following six dimensions were successfully identified: efficiency, information quality, personalization, reliability, security, and usability. Efficiency and personalization turned out to be the most dominant influencing factors on web recommender satisfaction. Collapse

Topics: usability recommender system service quality personalization website

Methods: survey structural equation modeling factor analysis SEM tool data transformation