Can You Increase Your Performance in a Technology-Driven Society Full of Distractions?

2014 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Wati, Yulia; Koh, Chang; Davis, Fred

Abstract: The main goal of this current study is to contribute to the cognitive Informatio ... Expand

Abstract: The main goal of this current study is to contribute to the cognitive Information Systems (IS) literature by examining the effect of individuals’ focus ability and mind-wandering in influencing IS task performance at different levels of task complexity. The effects of focus ability and mind-wandering on IS task performance as well as the moderating roles of IS task complexity were examined in a laboratory experiment. The experimental results show that (1) higher task complexity leads to lower IS task performance; (2) under low task complexity, focus ability and mind-wandering do not have any significant effects on task performance; (3) under medium task complexity, focus ability leads to higher performance accuracy, but mind-wandering does not have a significant effect on performance accuracy; (4) under high task complexity, both focus ability and mind-wandering lead to higher performance accuracy. Furthermore, mind-wandering negatively influences performance efficiency under all levels of IS task complexity. Collapse

Topics: task complexity task productivity website information system use usability

Methods: experiment regression analysis method self reported survey survey generalized linear model

Debiasing investors with decision support systems: An experimental investigation

2008 | Decision Support Systems | Citations: 18

Authors: Bhandari, Gokul; Hassanein, Khaled; Deaves, Richard

Abstract: This research presents evidence that decision support systems can play an import ... Expand

Abstract: This research presents evidence that decision support systems can play an important role in debiasing behaviorally-challenged investors. An empirical study involving 119 participants provides strong evidence for the existence of cognitive biases in investment decision making and demonstrates the effectiveness of decision aids in lowering the negative impact of such biases on the ability of investors to make sound investment decisions. Additionally, such decision aids are shown to be more valuable in decision environments where the bias level is likely to be higher. Collapse

Topics: decision support system decision making decision quality spreadsheet decision support

Methods: experiment post-hoc analysis descriptive statistic experimental design completely randomized design

Theories: behavioral economics

Integrating nominal group technique and joint application development for improved systems requirements determination

2004 | Information & Management | Citations: 7

Authors: Duggan, Evan W.; Thachenkary, Cherian S.

Abstract: Joint application development (JAD) is a facilitated group technique that can be ... Expand

Abstract: Joint application development (JAD) is a facilitated group technique that can be used in systems requirements determination (SRD); it was designed to encourage team rapport and achieve synergy by leveraging the combined knowledge of participants. JAD has been reported to cure several problems of conventional SRD techniques and shortened development schedules. However, its freely interacting meeting structure may curtail effectiveness by encouraging adverse group-related actions that challenge even the best facilitators. In this study, we integrated JAD and nominal group technique (NGT), a popular group structure that has been used to reduce the effects of negative group dynamics on task-oriented objectives. We examined this integrated structure in a laboratory experiment to determine whether it could alleviate the problems that JAD has experienced during SRD. The results suggest that the integrated approach outperformed JAD in our test environment; it was as efficient as JAD alone and it appeared to contribute to the reduction of the need for great facilitation skills in group decision-making. Collapse

Topics: group support system decision making user satisfaction idea generation requirements analysis

Methods: experiment parametric test ANOVA survey discriminant analysis

The Effects of Information Format and Shopping Task on Consumers' Online Shopping Behavior: A Cognitive Fit Perspective

2004 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Weiyin Hong; Thong, James Y. L.; Kar Yan Tam

Abstract: A feature central to the success of e-commerce Web sites is the design of an eff ... Expand

Abstract: A feature central to the success of e-commerce Web sites is the design of an effective interface to present product information. However, the suitability of the prevalent information formats in supporting various online shopping tasks is not known. Using the cognitive fit theory as the theoretical framework, we developed a research model to investigate the fit between information format and shopping task, and examine its influence on consumers' online shopping performance and perceptions of shopping experience. The competition for attention theory from the marketing literature and the scanpath theory from vision research were employed to support the analyses. An experiment was conducted to examine the effects of two types of information formats (list versus matrix) in the context of two types of shopping tasks (searching versus browsing). The results show that when there is a match between the information format and the shopping task, consumers can search the information space more efficiently and have better recall of product information. Specifically, the list format better supports browsing tasks, and the matrix format facilitates searching tasks. However, a match between the information format and the shopping task has no effect on cognitive effort or attitude toward using the Web site. Overall, this research supports the application of the cognitive fit theory to the study of Web interface design. It also demonstrates the value in integrating findings from cognitive science and vision research to understand the processes involved. As the information format has been shown to affect consumers' online shopping behavior, even when the information content is held constant, the practical implications for Web site designers include providing both types of information format on their Web sites and matching the appropriate information format to the individual consumer's task. Collapse

Topics: electronic commerce website information storage and retrieval system marketing management web page

Methods: experiment latin square design statistical hypothesis test experimental group multivariate analysis of variance

Theories: cognitive fit theory competition for attention theory cognitive attention theory scanpath theory technology acceptance model

An Empirical Investigation of User Requirements Elicitation: Comparing the Effectiveness of Prompting Techniques

2001 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 85

Authors: Browne, Glenn J.; Rogich, Michael B.

Abstract: Eliciting requirements from users and other stakeholders is of central importanc ... Expand

Abstract: Eliciting requirements from users and other stakeholders is of central importance to information systems development. Despite this importance, surprisingly little research has measured the effectiveness of various requirements elicitation techniques. The present research first discusses theory relevant to information requirements determination in general and elicitation in particular. We then develop a model of the requirements elicitation process. This model and its underlying theory were then used to construct a new requirements elicitation prompting technique. To provide a context for testing the relative effectiveness of the new technique, two other questioning methodologies were also operationalized as prompting techniques: (1) the interrogatories technique, which involves asking "who," "what," "when," "where," "how," and "why" questions, and (2) a semantic questioning scheme, which involves asking questions based on a theoretical model of knowledge structures. To measure the usefulness of the prompting techniques in eliciting requirements, a set of generic requirements categories was adapted from previous research to capture requirements evoked by users. The effectiveness of the three methods in eliciting requirements for a software application was then tested in an experiment with users. Results showed that the new prompting technique elicited a greater quantity of requirements from users than did the other two techniques. Implications of the findings for research and systems analysis practice are discussed. Collapse

Topics: task characteristic requirements elicitation systems development requirements analysis systems analysis

Methods: parametric test ANOVA qualitative coding experiment survey

An Empirical Investigation of Entity-based and Object-oriented Data Modeling: A Development Life Cycle Approach

1999 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Sinha, Atish; Vessey, Iris

Abstract: This paper examines end-user performance with conceptual and logical data models ... Expand

Abstract: This paper examines end-user performance with conceptual and logical data models in the context of the database development life cycle. Both entity-based and object-oriented modeling methods were examined in a within-subjects study using 19 graduate students as subjects. The first method employed the extended entityrelationship (EER) model and relational data model (RDM), while the second method employed the objectoriented diagram (OOD) and object-oriented text (OOT) models. The models were assessed on the accuracy of modeling entities/classes and attributes, association relationships, and generalization relationships. Conceptual models (EER and OOD) were more effective than logical models (RDM and OOT) for representing all types of constructs. Further, the OOD model was superior to the EER model for representing entities/classes and attributes, while the OOT model was superior to the RDM for representing generalization relationships. Finally, mapping from conceptual to logical design proved to be more effective using the OOD-OOT method than the EER-RDM method. Collapse

Topics: database system data management problem solving object-oriented database relational database

Methods: data modeling database modeling design science conceptual modelling experiment

Theories: cognitive fit theory

Multiple Criteria Decision Making Models in Group Decision Support

1998 | Group Decision and Negotiation | Citations: 0

Authors: Davey, Ann; Olson, David

Abstract: Use of multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) models to aid the group decision ... Expand

Abstract: Use of multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) models to aid the group decision process was tested. Two multiple criteria group decision support systems (MCGDSS) were studied, one using the AHP/Tchebycheff method of Iz and the other using Kersten's NEGO system. These systems were compared with a commercial GDSS, VisionQuest. VisionQuest does not include multiple criteria tools. To make the study comparable, VisionQuest was augmented with an ad hoc linear programming model that could generate solutions with specified characteristics requested by the using group. The three systems were compared on the dimensions of solution quality and decision support effectiveness. Collapse

Topics: group decision support system user satisfaction decision support negotiation support system decision support system

Methods: survey multivariate analysis of variance experiment descriptive statistic statistical hypothesis test

Theories: theory of bounded rationality

Investigating Evaluative Stopping Rules in Information Requirements Determination

1998 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Pitts, Mitzi; Browne, Glenn

Abstract: Information requirements determination (IRD) is often considered the most import ... Expand

Abstract: Information requirements determination (IRD) is often considered the most important phase of IS development. Research directed at the cognitive challenges of IRD has presented a variety of narrative and diagrammatic tools for eliciting information and representing requirements. However, none of these addresses the cognitive processes used by systems analysts when assessing the sufficiency of the information acquired during IRD. This research identifies the stopping rules employed by analysts to decide when to stop gathering requirements for system development. Experimental findings show that the cognitive limitations of analysts result in flawed application and evaluation of stopping rules, producing premature termination of the IRD process. Further, the results show that the use of a strategic prompting tool reduces the risk of premature stopping by the analyst. Collapse

Topics: requirements analysis systems development

Methods: experiment parametric test ANOVA completely randomized design survey