Institutions and Maker Entrepreneurship

2022 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Li, Zhouxuan (Fanny); Eberhart, Robert; Eesley, Charles

Abstract: The nascent research on the maker movement highlights the implicit assumptions e ... Expand

Abstract: The nascent research on the maker movement highlights the implicit assumptions embedded in the literature on entrepreneurship and innovation based on a model of closed traditional product development. Instead, the maker culture emphasizes inclusiveness, openness, sharing, and collaboration. To date, we know little about how institutional-level factors impact the probability of a maker hobbyist becoming an entrepreneur. Via a leading maker community, Hackster IO, we collected data from surveying 3,139 global makers from 99 countries during 2016, providing the first quantitative evidence about the maker movement’s impact on firm creation. Our results suggest that having access to makerspaces positively correlates with the likelihood of being a maker entrepreneur. This paper provides the first large quantitative evidence on the wide existence of maker entrepreneurship across the world and how intuitional factors impact the creation of makerfounded firms. Collapse

Topics: entrepreneurship computer hardware Google+ intellectual property application programming interface

Methods: survey F-test descriptive statistic cross sectional research regression analysis method

Theories: resource based view of the firm

Refining Technology Threat Avoidance Theory

2019 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 4

Authors: Carpenter, Darrell; Young, Diana K.; Barrett, Paul; McLeod, Alexander J.

Abstract: Understanding individual threat avoidance motivation and behavior is a critical ... Expand

Abstract: Understanding individual threat avoidance motivation and behavior is a critical component in designing effective cyber security solutions for both users and organizations. Technology threat avoidance theory (TTAT) asserts that individuals’ perceptions regarding their susceptibility to and the resulting severity of technology threats influence their awareness of the threats, which, in turn, influences their motivation and behavior to avoid them. While TTAT provides cogently and logically explains individuals’ technology threat motivations and behaviors, empirical tests have produced equivocal results particularly in terms of the influence of susceptibility and severity on threat perceptions. Due to these inconsistencies in the threat calculus involving susceptibility, severity, and threat, we need more work to improve and understand individual threat motivations. Additionally, TTAT does not account for individual differences such as risk propensity, distrust propensity, and impulsivity that have been shown to affect cyber security behavior. To address these gaps, we present an empirical assessment of a refined TTAT model, which includes individual differences and models the influence of susceptibility on threat perceptions as partially mediated by severity. Results indicate that, while perceived susceptibility is a significant predictor of threat perceptions, severity perceptions partially mediates its effect. Our results also support the inclusion of risk propensity and distrust propensity in the TTAT model as personal characteristics that significantly affect overall threat perceptions. Collapse

Topics: self efficacy malware spyware IT security decision making

Methods: survey structural equation modeling statistical power analysis survey design partial least squares regression

Theories: technology threat avoidance theory

Manu Militari: The Institutional Contingencies of Stakeholder Relationships on Entrepreneurial Performance

2018 | Organization Science | Citations: 5

Authors: Hiatt, Shon R.; Carlos, W. Chad; Sine, Wesley D.

Abstract: This study examines how ventures can leverage relationships with heterogeneous g ... Expand

Abstract: This study examines how ventures can leverage relationships with heterogeneous government stakeholders to enhance survival in different institutional environments. We consider how the distinct resources provided from venture ties to military and political actors represent complementary strategic assets that differentially influence performance in varying political and economic environments as well as under conditions of violence and political conflict. Empirically, we examine the effect of these respective stakeholder relationships on new venture survival across 10 countries over a 65-year period. By distinguishing between the resources obtained through relationships with different types of government stakeholders and showing how the value of these resources varies in different contexts, this study contributes to nonmarket strategy and stakeholder management research and highlights the need for studies to take a pluralistic view of government stakeholders. This paper also presents managerial insights to firms seeking to address the prevalent challenges associated with political, economic, and physical security issues in developing and underdeveloped economies. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2017.1178. Collapse

Topics: armed conflict organizational productivity physical security natural hazard earthquake

Methods: survival analysis robustness check descriptive statistic theoretical contribution probit regression

Theories: management theory resource dependency theory

The Structure of Political Institutions and Effectiveness of Corporate Political Lobbying

2015 | Organization Science | Citations: 4

Authors: Choi, Seong-Jin; Jia, Nan; Lu, Jiangyong

Abstract: This paper investigates how the structure of political institutions influences t ... Expand

Abstract: This paper investigates how the structure of political institutions influences the effectiveness of corporate political lobbying by shaping the “veto points” and “entry points” that lobbying firms encounter and require, respectively, when attempting to influence public policies; in so doing, this study deepens our understanding of the strategic implications of institutional environments. Using large-sample and cross-country firm-level data, we find that the influence of firms’ lobbying activities on public policies is weakened when there are tighter constraints generated as a result of greater political (partisan) competition and more subnational government tiers. We find that the negative association between the effectiveness of lobbying and political (partisan) competition is particularly pronounced in countries with lower electoral accountability and that the negative association between the effectiveness of lobbying and subnational government tiers is particularly pronounced in more centralized political systems. Collapse

Topics: accounting logistics management database system

Methods: hierarchical linear modeling survey propensity score method parametric test Student's t-test

A novel summarization technique for the support of resolving multi-criteria decision making problems

2015 | Decision Support Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Huang, Tony Cheng-Kui; Chen, Yen-Liang; Chang, Ting-Hao

Abstract: In real-life circumstances, managers often have to face various decision-making ... Expand

Abstract: In real-life circumstances, managers often have to face various decision-making problems. Among them, the topic of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) is one of the most important and complicated problems in the decision-making field. In general, the element of MCDM can consist of three parts: input, output, and the solution approach. The input is expressed as m alternatives with n criteria. It usually assumes that the underlying input data can be represented in a decision table. Correspondingly, the output is an optimal outcome, or a set of outcomes, resolved by different kinds of solution approaches. In this study, we propose a summarization technique to display the decision table as a new summarization table; allowing managers to make decisions more quickly. The proposed technique is to optimize a summarization result so that the degree of information lost is minimum. Since seeking for a minimum result is an NP-hard problem, we applied a genetic algorithm to improve the summarization result. Collapse

Topics: innovation management decision making

Methods: computational algorithm cluster analysis experiment k-means clustering case study

Learning to Carry the Cat by the Tail: Firm Experience, Disasters, and Multinational Subsidiary Entry and Expansion

2014 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Oetzel, Jennifer M.; Oh, Chang Hoon

Abstract: We investigate whether firm experience with discontinuous risks, particularly hi ... Expand

Abstract: We investigate whether firm experience with discontinuous risks, particularly high-impact disasters that are episodic and difficult to anticipate, moderates the relationship between disasters, foreign entry, and expansion decisions. Using a panel data set with 57,500 observations from 106 large European multinational corporations and their subsidiaries operating across 109 countries from 2001 to 2007, we find that although discontinuous risk was negatively related to firm entry and expansion, firms that had experience with high-impact disasters were more likely to expand in countries experiencing disasters. Collapse

Topics: terrorist incident natural hazard database system risk management decision making

Methods: descriptive statistic robustness check regression analysis method longitudinal research statistical hypothesis test

Theories: resource based view of the firm

Examining Question-Answering Technology from the Task Technology Fit Perspective

2012 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Robles-Flores, José Antonio; Roussinov, Dmitri

Abstract: The World Wide Web has become a vital supplier of information for organizations ... Expand

Abstract: The World Wide Web has become a vital supplier of information for organizations in order to carry on such tasks as business intelligence, security monitoring, and risk assessments. By utilizing the task-technology fit (TTF) theory, we investigate the issue of when open-domain question-answering (QA) technology would potentially be superior to general-purpose Web search engines. Specifically, we argue theoretically and back up our arguments with a user study that the presence of fusion (information synthesis) is crucial to warrant the use of QA. At the same time, many information seeking tasks do not require fusion and, thus, are adequately served by traditional keyword search portals (Google, MSN, Yahoo, etc.). This explains why prior attempts to demonstrate the value of QA empirically were unsuccessful. We also discuss methodological challenges to any empirical investigation of QA and present several solutions to those challenges, validated with our user study. In order to carry our study, we created a novel prototype by following the Design Science guidelines. Our prototype is the first of its kind and is capable of answering list questions, such as What companies own low orbit satellites? or In which cities have illegal methylmethionine labs been found? This investigation is only a precursor to a full-scale empirical study, but it serves as a medium to overview the state of the art QA technologies and to introduce important theoretical and empirical concepts involved. Although we did not find empirical evidence that one technology is uniformly better than the other, we discovered that once the user accumulates experience using QA, he/she can make an intelligent decision whether to use it for a particular task, which leads to the user to be more productive on average with the same tasks compared to when there is no choice of technology. Collapse

Topics: Google+ web search engine user requirement user satisfaction information retrieval system

Methods: design artifact experiment computational algorithm question answering survey

Theories: theory of task technology fit

Relationship quality, community promotion and brand loyalty in virtual communities: Evidence from free software communities

2010 | International Journal of Information Management | Citations: 12

Authors: Casaló, Luis V.; Flavián, Carlos; Guinalíu, Miguel

Abstract: The Internet has favored the growth of collaborative platforms where marketers a ... Expand

Abstract: The Internet has favored the growth of collaborative platforms where marketers and consumers interact to develop more engaging products and services. These platforms are usually centered in a specific brand/product and their members are linked by a shared admiration to that brand. This paper analyzes one of the most powerful online collaborative platforms, the free software (FS) case, which involves a lot of virtual communities developed around products such as Linux or Android, the new Google’s mobile operating system. Our purpose is to determine some of the main antecedents and consequences of the consumer involvement in this type of communities. Results have shown that satisfaction with a virtual community may increase the level of consumer participation in that community. At the same time, a greater identification with the virtual community may increase indirectly the consumer participation thanks to the enhancement of his/her satisfaction with the community. We have also found positive and significant effects of consumer identification and participation on the level of community promotion. Finally, positive and significant effects of consumer participation and satisfaction with the community on loyalty to the FS were also found. These findings allow us to conclude some interesting managerial implications. Collapse

Topics: online community consumer behavior marketing management customer loyalty participatory design

Methods: survey design methodology statistical hypothesis test qualitative interview structural equation modeling

Theories: dominant logic expectation disconfirmation theory

Introduction to JAIS Special Issue on Empirical Research on Free/Libre Open Source Software

2010 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Crowston, Kevin; Wade, Michael

Abstract: An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various reports withi ... Expand

Abstract: An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various reports within the issue on topics including the success and challenges of Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS), the sustainability of FLOSS and its use in public administration. Collapse

Topics: open source system quality open source software project systems development organizational context

Methods: literature sample

The Process of Introducing FLOSS in the Public Administration: The Case of Venezuela

2010 | Journal of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 7

Authors: Maldonado, Edgar

Abstract: This study analyzes the mandatory FLOSS policies of the Bolivarian Republic of V ... Expand

Abstract: This study analyzes the mandatory FLOSS policies of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and the initiatives associated with the adoption process. An expanded version of Gallivan's (2001) framework of contingent authority innovation describes the way new policies extended through the public structure of the country. Findings indicate that Venezuela's FLOSS migration process fuses the agendas of social inclusion, sovereignty, and freedom that the government is pursuing with the availability of a "Free Libre" technology. The present project specifically contributes to the literature that examines information and communication technology policies and their impact on developing countries. In addition, the theoretical expansion of Gallivan's framework can apply to other governmental technological adoptions where ideology and politics play critical roles. Collapse

Topics: innovation management digital innovation legal context decision making IT policy

Methods: literature study personal interview qualitative interview qualitative coding