Uniting Through Difference: Rich Cultural-Identity Expression as a Conduit to Inclusion

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Arnett, Rachel D.

Abstract: Although previous research suggests that bringing attention to minority cultural ... Expand

Abstract: Although previous research suggests that bringing attention to minority cultural identities in the workplace can lead to professional penalties, this research provides promising evidence that the opposite can occur. I examine how cultural minority employees engaging in rich and meaningful conversations about their racial, ethnic, and national backgrounds (referred to as rich cultural-identity expression) influences majority-group coworkers’ inclusive behaviors, such as majority-group employees’ willingness to socially integrate with and professionally support minority coworkers. Three experiments found evidence of majority-group employees behaving more—not less—inclusively toward minority coworkers who engaged in rich cultural-identity expression, as opposed to small talk that did not bring attention to a minority cultural background. Even when minority employees richly expressed negatively valenced cultural information that could provoke anxiety (such as issues with discrimination), this form of sharing had positive effects on most measures of inclusive behavior in Studies 2 and 3 (although one exception was found in Study 3). No benefits were observed when minority employees engaged in surface-level cultural-identity expression (Studies 2 and 3) and intimate, noncultural self-disclosure (Study 2). The power of rich cultural-identity expression is its ability to increase majority-group individuals’ status perceptions of, feelings of closeness to, and sense of learning potential from minority coworkers. This research provides promising evidence that minority employees may be able to express valued aspects of their cultural identities while gaining—as opposed to jeopardizing—inclusion. Funding: This work was supported by the Wharton Behavioral Laboratory and the Wharton Dean’s Research Fund. Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1648. Collapse

Topics: electronic mail accounting identity management IT career pandemic

Methods: experiment survey ANOVA parametric test data transformation

How to react to a shock? Effects of Airbnb hosts’ choices and market segmentation at the time of Covid-19

2023 | Information & Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Buzzacchi, Luigi; Milone, Francesco Luigi; Paolucci, Emilio; Raguseo, Elisabetta

Abstract: We investigate the way service providers who operate on an online peer-to-peer ( ... Expand

Abstract: We investigate the way service providers who operate on an online peer-to-peer (P2P) platform readapted their marketing choices to face the Covid-19 pandemic. Through an empirical investigation on a large dataset of Airbnb properties in Rome, observed from January 2018 to December 2020, we provide a threefold contribution by investigating how Airbnb hosts reacted to the Covid-19 pandemic shock, in terms of marketing choices, such as price adjustments and flexible cancellation policies; the direct effects of these choices on their economic returns; and how service providers on Airbnb reacted to address the new needs of their customers during the Covid-19 pandemic. The findings provide useful insights for researchers and practitioners and show that the adoption of combined marketing choices led to more than proportional effects on performances as it allowed Airbnb hosts to exploit profitable market segmentation mechanisms. Collapse

Topics: pandemic Airbnb marketing management price management peer-to-peer model

Methods: econometric modeling descriptive statistic instrumental variables estimation robustness check longitudinal research

Tertiary Study on the Use of Artificial Intelligence for Service Delivery: A Bibliometric Analysis of Systematic Literature Reviews

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Chouikh, A.; Khechine, H.; Gagnon, M.

Abstract: Despite the large number of systematic literature reviews (SLRs) on the use of ... Expand

Abstract: Despite the large number of systematic literature reviews (SLRs) on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) for service delivery, scholars suggest more scientific evidence. However, the direction that these reviews will take depends on the knowledge accumulated in the existing literature. Therefore, the objective of this research is to explore SLRs that have synthesized the use of AI for service delivery. We conducted a tertiary study, which consists of a bibliometric analysis of SLRs. We searched SLRs published over the last ten years in six bibliographic databases. Sixty-six studies meeting the inclusion criteria were processed through a bibliometric analysis in which we combined article metadata with data extracted from the full-text review. The results describe the publication trends of SLRs, their application domains, and the particularities of the private and public sectors. Recommendations for future SLRs on the use of AI for service delivery are proposed. Collapse

Topics: artificial intelligence database system smart city supply chain management decision support

Methods: bibliometric analysis literature sample computational algorithm structured literature research co-citation analysis

To Stem the Tide: Organizational Climate and the Locus of Knowledge Transfer

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Di Stefano, Giada; Micheli, Maria Rita

Abstract: Prior work has maintained that organizations benefit from managing the transfer ... Expand

Abstract: Prior work has maintained that organizations benefit from managing the transfer of proprietary knowledge. Transfer is often advantageous within organizational boundaries but may be harmful across them, because it might erode competitive advantage. Hence, we ask: How can organizations affect the direction in which knowledge flows? We examine the role of organizational climate as a governing mechanism for knowledge transfer. Our empirical strategy consists of a mixed-methods approach leveraging qualitative and experimental data over two cycles of theory building and theory testing. We start with an extensive field study of the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), leveraging the insights from desk research, field observations, 53 interviews, and a laboratory-in-the-field experiment involving 518 physicists. We then provide a causal test of the emerging framework by means of two laboratory experiments with 389 participants. Our findings suggest employees are more likely to transfer knowledge to their colleagues when they identify as an integral part of the organization, but they would rather transfer knowledge to outside competitors when their organization encourages them to outperform coworkers. In the presence of an organizational climate that is unfavorable to preventing knowledge spillovers, we argue, organizations can redirect the locus of knowledge transfer internally by acting upon an individual employee’s job design and socialization regime.History: This paper has been accepted for the Organization Science Special Issue on Experiments in Organizational Theory.Funding: The authors acknowledge generous financial support from Bocconi University, the HEC Foundation of HEC Paris, and IESEG School of Management.Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.1551. Collapse

Topics: knowledge sharing electronic mail pandemic knowledge spillover strategic management

Methods: experiment qualitative interview field study theory development laboratory experiment

Theories: organizational theory

A New Take on the Categorical Imperative: Gatekeeping, Boundary Maintenance, and Evaluation Penalties in Science

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Fini, Riccardo; Jourdan, Julien; Perkmann, Markus; Toschi, Laura

Abstract: Extant theory suggests that candidates with an unfocused identity—those spanning ... Expand

Abstract: Extant theory suggests that candidates with an unfocused identity—those spanning different categories—suffer from a valuation penalty because evaluators are confused by their profile and concerned they lack the required skills. We argue that unfocused candidates may be penalized for another reason; they threaten established social boundaries. This happens in contexts where evaluators act as gatekeepers for social entities, such as professions. We test how the penalty applied to unfocused candidates varies in an academic accreditation process, a setting where evaluators decide on admitting candidates to an academic discipline and where candidates’ prior performance is observable. We find using data on the 2012 national scientific qualification in Italian academia that the valuation penalty applied to unfocused (multidisciplinary) candidates was most pronounced for the most high-performing candidates. High-performing yet ill-fitting candidates threaten the distinctiveness and knowledge domain of the discipline and are hence penalized by evaluators. High-performing multidisciplinary candidates suffered the greatest penalty in small and distinctive academic disciplines and when accreditors were highly typical members of their discipline. Our theory and findings suggest that the categorical imperative may be driven not only by cognitive or capability considerations as typically argued in the literature but also, by attempts to maintain social boundaries. Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1610. Collapse

Topics: innovation management accounting entrepreneurship IT career productivity

Methods: multivariate statistics robustness check statistical hypothesis test descriptive statistic logarithmic transformation

SHORT DIGITAL STRESS SCALE - PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES AND CROSS-CULTURAL VALIDATION

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Funke, Christopher; Rothert-Schnell, Caroline; Walsh, Gianfranco; Mangiò, Federico; Pedeliento, Giuseppe; Takahashi, Ikuo

Abstract: ... Expand

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Topics: decision support system social media cross cultural research crowdsourcing

Methods: factor analysis psychometrics confirmatory factor analysis descriptive statistic data transformation

Gatekeeping and the Use of Contested Practices in Creative Industries: The Case of Fur in Fashion

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Godart, Frédéric; Hsu, Greta; Negro, Giacomo

Abstract: In creative industries, a producer’s choice to use specific cultural practices i ... Expand

Abstract: In creative industries, a producer’s choice to use specific cultural practices is often driven by considerations of industry-specific notions of creativity and artistic vision. Creative producers claim autonomy over which practices are deemed desirable or legitimate, creating resistance to influences from outside the industry, such as from social movements. This study proposes that in such contexts, externally-driven change depends on the role of prominent gatekeepers. We consider how shifts in their discourse translate and amplify external social movement pressures for producers. We further argue that higher-status producers respond more to the changing discourse of these gatekeepers, to whom they are more tightly connected. This leads to a dynamic that is counterintuitive in the context of creative industries in which higher-status producers, who can benefit most from preserving the status quo, show greater responsiveness to external pressures when translated through gatekeeper discourse. Our empirical analysis uses a unique data set related to a prototypical contested practice: fur use in high-end fashion. These findings highlight the complex role of gatekeepers in creative industries and indirect pathways through which external social movements drive change. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1591. Collapse

Topics: website database system advertising management

Methods: logistic regression Student's t-test parametric test descriptive statistic post-hoc analysis

The emergence of smart service ecosystems—The role of socio-technical antecedents and affordances

2023 | Information Systems Journal | Citations: 0

Authors: Herterich, Matthias M.; Dremel, Christian; Wulf, Jochen; vom Brocke, Jan

Abstract: As physical products are increasingly augmented with digital technology, manufac ... Expand

Abstract: As physical products are increasingly augmented with digital technology, manufacturing firms have become part of the development of so-called smart products and smart services. As such, manufacturing firms are challenged by new market participants and ecosystem partners, particularly from the software development industry, and by the dynamic nature of business relationships. While the academic literature on the distinctive characteristics of ecosystems, particularly digital ecosystems, is rich, the effect of smart service ecosystems' emergence on the foundation of smart products remains uncertain. This study reports on case study research based on 47 semi-structured interviews with four companies that participate in an industrial smart service ecosystem. Taking an affordance-theoretic perspective, we uncover the antecedents of and the process of emergent smart service ecosystems. We find that smart service ecosystems have three socio-technical antecedents: a shared worldview, structural flexibility and integrity, and architecture of participation. We explain the emergence of smart service ecosystems as the result of specialisation in shared affordances and integration of idiosyncratic affordances into collective affordances. We derive seven propositions regarding the emergence of smart services, outline opportunities for further research, and present practical guidelines for manufacturing firms. Collapse

Topics: affordance smart device value creation user experience innovation management

Methods: qualitative interview qualitative coding case study focus group personal interview

Theories: theory of affordance stakeholder theory service-dominant logic

Building a deep learning-based QA system from a CQA dataset

2023 | Decision Support Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Jin, Sol; Lian, Xu; Jung, Hanearl; Park, Jinsoo; Suh, Jihae

Abstract: A man-made machine-reading comprehension (MRC) dataset is necessary to train the ... Expand

Abstract: A man-made machine-reading comprehension (MRC) dataset is necessary to train the answer extraction part of existing Question Answering (QA) systems. However, a high-quality and well-structured dataset with questionparagraph-answer pairs is not usually found in the real world. Furthermore, updating or building an MRC dataset is a challenging and costly affair. To address these shortcomings, we propose a QA system that uses a large-scale English Community Question Answering (CQA) dataset (i.e., Stack Exchange) composed of 3,081,834 questionanswer pairs. The QA system adopts a classifier-retriever-summarizer structure design. The question classifier and the answer retriever part are based on a Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) Natural Language Processing (NLP) model by Google, and the summarizer part introduces a deep learning-based Text-to-Text Transfer Transformer (T5) model to summarize the long answers. We instantiated the proposed QA system with 140 topics from the CQA dataset (including topics such as biology, law, politics, etc.) and conducted human and automatic evaluations. Our system presented encouraging results, considering that it provides highquality answers to the questions in the test set and satisfied the requirements to develop a QA system without MRC datasets. Our results show the potential of building automatic and high-performance QA systems without being limited by man-made datasets, a significant step forward in the research of open-domain or specificdomain QA systems. Collapse

Topics: privacy decision making online community IT productivity Google+

Methods: BERT chatGPT computational algorithm experiment natural language processing

WHEN IS A GOAL A GOAL? ADDRESSING EQUIVOCALITY WITH TECHNOLOGY

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Karanasios, Stan; Upreti, Bikesh; Iannacci, Federico

Abstract: ... Expand

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Topics: decision making mindfulness sensemaking Google+ information system use

Methods: theory development

Theories: representation theory