Sequential IT Investment: Can the Risk of IT Implementation Failure Be Your Friend?

2023 | Information Systems Research | Citations: 0

Authors: Choudhary, Vidyanand; Xin, Mingdi; Zhang, Zhe

Abstract: An extensive literature studies the benefits for a firm to be the first to inves ... Expand

Abstract: An extensive literature studies the benefits for a firm to be the first to invest in innovative technologies such as information technologies (ITs). However, IT investment often faces the risk of implementation failure. How would such risk affect an early adopter’s incentive to invest? Do late adopters benefit from information about the early adopter’s investment? In this paper, we investigate these questions in a context in which two firms, a leader and a follower, invest in a cost-reducing IT sequentially. This paper differs from prior literature in two aspects: First, IT adoption is nonexclusive and available to all client firms. Second, IT implementation can fail. In this case, the follower may have information about the leader’s IT investment level or implementation outcome before making an investment decision. We use a Hotelling model of duopoly competition to examine how IT implementation failure risks and the follower’s knowledge about the leader’s IT investment may affect the firms’ incentive to sequentially invest in IT. Our results show that the risk of IT implementation failure impacts the firms’ investment incentives and profits through three distinct effects: the first mover advantage mitigation; competition mitigation; and uncertainty-driven, cost-based differentiation effects, and these three effects may drive the firms’ investment and profits in opposite directions. The follower’s knowledge about the leader’s IT investment level before making an IT investment decision gives the leader a first mover advantage and the follower a disadvantage. In contrast, the follower’s knowledge about the leader’s IT implementation outcome can benefit both the leader and the follower. Finally, we find that a spaced-out sequential IT investment schedule, in which the follower makes the investment decision after the leader’s IT investment level and implementation outcome are both known, leads to the highest industry-wide IT investment and social surplus. History: Kai-Lung Hui, Senior Editor; Sameer Hasija, Associate Editor. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2022.1115. Collapse

Topics: IT investment systems implementation IS economics IS implementation success economic surplus

Theories: prisoner's dilemma game theory

WORKAROUNDS IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS RESEARCH: A FIVE-YEAR UPDATE

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Ejnefjäll, Thomas; Ågerfalk, Pär; Hedrén, Andreas

Abstract: This paper complements an earlier (2019) literature review on workarounds in in ... Expand

Abstract: This paper complements an earlier (2019) literature review on workarounds in information systemsresearch by including research that has influenced or been published in core IS outlets during the last five years (2018)(2019)(2020)(2021)(2022). Our study captures research that strengthened, widened, and challenged theoretical insights from the previous review. It also provides additional insights and develops seven themes of theoretical insight. The 31 new papers and our updated analysis are most evident in the three themes: Workarounds and power, Temporality of workarounds, and Managing workarounds. We also found additional studies using the term 'workaround' differently to the extent that they have not applied the term to the same empirical phenomena, which questions the validity of some theoretical claims. We also found significantly more studies that used quantitative data-collection methods than the previous review.Replicating Ejnefjäll and Ågerfalk's (2019) search approach, we searched for the following terms: workaround, workarounds, work-around, and work-arounds. The first search was performed across the AIS Senior Scholars' basket of eight and resulted in five new papers that included the term in their title, abstract, or keywords. In the second search, we scanned all literature cited in these five papers with the same search terms and identified 13 additional publications with titles, abstracts, or keywords containing the term. This scan ensured the inclusion of the most important workaround literature that has influenced or been published in the field of IS. We checked these 18 papers against the conference papers included by Ejnefjäll and Ågerfalk (2019) and found no duplicate studies. We also included papers in proceedings from the official AIS conferences between 2018 and 2022 to find knowledge in the emerging research area of workarounds not yet published in journals (Whitley and Galliers, 2007). We searched titles, abstracts, and keywords in the proceedings of the four official AIS conferences, which resulted in 13 additional full research papers. Our literature search thus resulted in 31 documents: 14 journal papers and 17 conference papers. The additional full-text searches performed by Ejnefjäll and Ågerfalk (2019) provided input to their conceptualization but provided few theoretical insights regarding workarounds. Since the primary purpose of this update is to capture additional theoretical insights, we only included searches that resulted in papers categorized as central (title, abstract, or keywords containing the term). We summarize our search methodology in Figure 2. Collapse

Topics: enterprise information system unintended consequence privacy IS implementation success business process management

Methods: literature sample literature study survey event log theory development

Theories: theory of workarounds

Implementation as Regulation: Implementing Industrial Internet of Things in Manufacturing

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Eley, TC; Lyytinen, Kalle

Abstract: There is an exponential increase in information systems with few or no organiza ... Expand

Abstract: There is an exponential increase in information systems with few or no organizational rules initially embedded in them, such as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Implementing these systems has been identified as an important challenge in practice and research. However, past information systems implementation research has mostly focused on systems with many organizational rules embedded in them. We present an initial case study of implementing IIoT using a regulation lens. This research demonstrates the embeddedness of rules within systems leads to different implementation processes and develops an initial process model of implementing systems with few rules embedded in them. These results show the usefulness of viewing implementation as regulation and suggest opportunities to improve implementation outcomes for IIoT. We plan on continuing this research by conducting a multiple case study. Collapse

Topics: systems implementation IS implementation success electronic mail

Methods: qualitative interview participant observation case study archival research theory development

Theories: theory of affordance socio technical theory

GOVERNANCE IN IMPLEMENTING WEAKLY STRUCTURED INFORMATION SYSTEMS

2023 | European Conference On Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Kandaurova, Maria; Bumann, Adrian

Abstract: The implementation of information systems (IS) is a complex process that requir ... Expand

Abstract: The implementation of information systems (IS) is a complex process that requires appropriate governance to ensure that the technical capabilities of the new IS align with organizational goals. However, existing literature lacks insight into how this alignment occurs when IS are designed as openended, weakly structured systems that offer generic functions, rather than for a singular purpose. To address this gap, this study examines the implementation of a low-code AI platform in eight large companies and the governance practices they employed to align the system's capabilities with their organizational goals. The findings highlight the importance of balanced governance practices that support and constrain the generative capacity of weakly structured IS, while enabling continuous interdependent development of organizational and technical capabilities throughout implementation. This study contributes to IS literature by responding to calls to examine challenges of implementing weakly structured IS and offering practical recommendations for implementation teams and system vendors. Collapse

Topics: low code development platform information technology capability innovation management systems implementation artificial intelligence

Methods: qualitative interview chatbot personal interview computational algorithm case study

Theories: theory of affordance framing theory

A Cognitive Perspective on Digital Transformation: Literature Review and Research Framework

2023 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Marx, Carolin; De Paula, Danielly; Haskamp, Thomas; Uebernickel, Falk

Abstract: Managing Digital Transformation (DT) has become a top priority for executives as ... Expand

Abstract: Managing Digital Transformation (DT) has become a top priority for executives as technological advancements and increasing decision-making complexity accelerate challenges in navigating through DT. Acknowledging that cognition (e.g., in the form of thoughts, beliefs, and emotions) is fundamentally relevant during organizational transformation processes, we address the maturing body of DT research from a cognitive perspective. While the study of cognition in management and strategy can look back to decades of investigation, research on the role of cognition in DT is fragmented and still in its infancy. Addressing this gap, we systematically review existing research from information systems, management, and psychology on the role of cognition in DT. Based on identified antecedents, contextual factors, and consequences, and a conceptualization of cognition, we provide an integrative framework for cognitive DT research and derive four promising research avenues. We thereby provide guidelines to develop strategies for successful DT and organizational action. Collapse

Topics: innovation management business process management organization learning decision making business model

Methods: structured literature research design artifact literature sample literature study qualitative coding

Enhancing Information Systems Success Outcomes with Electronic Health Records Systems Post-Adoption Implementation

2023 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Manga, Joseph; Ngafeeson, Madison

Abstract: Despite the monetary incentives and the meaningful use mandate to implement ele ... Expand

Abstract: Despite the monetary incentives and the meaningful use mandate to implement electronic health record (EHR) systems in the workplace, users still feel threatened due to the mixed outcomes of using EHR systems. This current study examines success outcomes that enhance users' EHR adoption in an organizational setting through the lens of information systems success model. A theoretical framework is proposed to understand what EHR implementation success means to healthcare professionals, and what systems and user characteristics contribute to EHR implementation success. The proposed model suggests that user capability, EHR usability, and EHR usefulness will affect EHR success outcomes (perceived satisfaction with usage and perceived helpfulness over usage process). The study considers the interaction between technology and user capabilities to impact IS success outcomes and discusses some implications to theory and management. KeywordsInformation system success outcomes, perceived satisfaction with usage, perceived helpfulness over usage process, electronic health records, EHR usefulness, EHR usability, user capability. Collapse

Topics: usability IS success IS implementation success electronic health record information technology capability

Methods: partial least squares regression factor analysis data transformation structural equation modeling survey design

Theories: information systems success model theory of task technology fit

Critical Success Factors Classification Framework for Measuring Maturity of Organisations using New Generation ERP Systems: A Systematic Literature Review

2023 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Wong, Wai Yip Freddy; Lane, Michael

Abstract: This paper investigates how Critical Success Factors (CSFs) can be used to det ... Expand

Abstract: This paper investigates how Critical Success Factors (CSFs) can be used to determine appropriate measurement items for design and assessment of ERP Maturity Models (ERPMMs). Our systematic literature review answers: RQ1 What are the primary dimensions of CSFs that can be used as measurement items for ERP maturity models? and RQ2 What are the additional dimensions of CSFs that can be used to evaluate the maturity of organisations using new generation ERP systems? Results reveal most ERPMMs can be categorised into specific CSF dimensions, and different sets of measurement items can be derived from these dimensions. The main contribution of this research is a CSF classification framework with eight dimensions: Governance, Culture, Technology, Operation, People, Project, Performance, and Products & Services. Our CSF classification framework will help researchers and practitioners to select a set of suitable CSF measurement items to assess maturity levels of organisations using new generation ERP systems. Collapse

Topics: enterprise resource planning critical success factor production management industry 4.0 enterprise resource planning implementation

Methods: literature sample maturity model structured literature research design science archival research

Implementing Disruptive Technologies: What Have We Learned?

2022 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Ghawe, A.; Chan, Yolande

Abstract: Rich research opportunities lie ahead for scholars interested in building a theo ... Expand

Abstract: Rich research opportunities lie ahead for scholars interested in building a theory to explain why and how some organizations succeed while others fail in implementing disruptive technologies. As a complex socio-technical process, implementing disruptive technologies represents an endeavor fraught with challenges. Leaders need tools to assess whether implementing a potentially disruptive technology will succeed or fail; planners need a road map to navigate the implementation’s potential stepping-stones and stumbling blocks. Disruptive technology implementation scholarship is rich, has eclectic roots and conflicting findings, but lacks a success theory. To advance such a theory and guide scholars and practitioners, we conducted a structured and systematic literature review, and examined 139 empirical articles published between 1983 and 2020 in leading management and information systems journals. We focused our attention on answering two questions: How do incumbent organizations implement disruptive technologies successfully? How does the implementation of disruptive digital technologies differ from the implementation of other disruptive technologies? We employed a mixed-method approach using three criteria: technological category, challenges to successful implementation, and degree of implementation success. We identified strategic and technical implementation challenges, developed a technology implementation framework, and advanced propositions that together provide a current disruptive technology implementation success theory pending further testing. Collapse

Topics: systems implementation disruptive innovation database system IS implementation success enterprise information system

Methods: literature study literature sample structured literature research ontological modelling literature filtering

Theories: theory of affordance

A Taxonomy of Challenges for Cloud ERP Systems Implementation

2022 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Huang, Qian; Oliver, Gillian; Rahim, Mahbubur; Anwar, Misita

Abstract: Though success stories of Cloud EnterpriseResource Planning systems (Cloud ERP) ... Expand

Abstract: Though success stories of Cloud EnterpriseResource Planning systems (Cloud ERP) are frequently published, the failure rate of Cloud ERP is relatively less reported and discussed. Implementing Cloud ERP systems is not always easy, and at times very challenging. Hence, client organizations and vendors should be aware of challenges to help ensure successful implementation of Cloud ERP systems. The aim of this study is to develop a taxonomy of Cloud ERP implementation challenges. A set of thirty-one challenges was identified from a systematic literature review, and were then categorized by following the taxonomy development process proposed by Nickerson et al. (2013). The taxonomy consists of two dimensions: type of challenges and locus of challenges. Our proposed taxonomy has implications for providing a springboard for further theory development in the Cloud ERP domain Collapse

Topics: cloud computing enterprise resource planning enterprise resource planning implementation privacy internet technology

Methods: structured literature research literature sample theory development theoretical contribution

How the Personalities and Behaviors of Information Systems Professionals Influence the Effectiveness of Information Systems Departments

2022 | Information Systems Management | Citations: 0

Authors: Karimikia, Hadi; Singh, Harminder; Donnellan, Brian

Abstract: Building on the concept of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), this study ... Expand

Abstract: Building on the concept of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), this study develops a multi-level research model to examine how IS-specific OCBs displayed by IS professionals impact the perceived effectiveness of IS departments, and how the manifestation of IS-specific OCBs is in turn affected by the personal attributes of IS professionals, the leadership style of IS leaders, and the quality of the interactions within IS departments. Collapse

Topics: IT workforce personality system quality IS effectiveness data quality

Methods: survey statistical hypothesis test SEM tool hierarchical linear modeling structural equation modeling

Theories: social exchange theory big five model