Authenticity-Based Connections as Organizational Constraints and the Paradox of Authenticity in the Market for Cuban Cigars

2023 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Verhaal, J. Cameron; Hahl, Oliver; Fandl, Kevin J.

Abstract: We explore the organizational consequences that different authenticity claims ca ... Expand

Abstract: We explore the organizational consequences that different authenticity claims carry for products and the firms that produce them. To do so, we build on the notion of an authenticity paradox—the idea that seeking to capture demand that is created by perceived authenticity can undermine the very authenticity that generated the demand in the first place. Using an experimental approach, we argue and show that provenance-based claims of authenticity (e.g., location of origin) constrain a firm spaciotemporally, limiting their ability to expand production in ways that might be economically rational but would undermine this authenticity claim. We further show there is no penalty (or there is a reduced penalty) when the claim is not explicitly spaciotemporal, and is instead based on an association to an iconic individual broadly connected to that place. We show how these types of connections help firms respond to the authenticity paradox by allowing them more freedom to expand production to meet the increased demand without undermining the original claims to authenticity. As a result, this paper’s key contribution is in moving beyond explaining how perceived authenticity benefits organizations and instead, explores how different claims to authenticity can constrain a firm’s ability to capture the value that it has created from authenticity.History: This paper has been accepted for the Organization Science Special Issue on Experiments in Organizational Theory.Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1574. Collapse

Topics: cloud computing

Methods: experiment statistical power analysis theory development parametric test statistical hypothesis test

Theories: organizational theory

Chasing John Snow: data analytics in the COVID-19 era

2020 | European Journal of Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Pietz, Jesse; McCoy, Scott; Wilck, Joseph H.

Abstract: During the first half of 2020, the lives of people around the world abruptly cha ... Expand

Abstract: During the first half of 2020, the lives of people around the world abruptly changed due to COVID-19. Data visualisations and models related to the spread of the disease became ubiquitous. In this paper, we survey 25 different data analytics dashboards, highlight the modelling approach taken by each, and develop a multi-attribute utility theory model to assess their effectiveness in communicating key features that explain the spread of infectious disease. We show that the dashboards that feature dimensions that span the categories associated with compartmental epidemiology models tend to be relatively robust data visualisations, and we highlight that information systems need to be improved to include data on actions to reduce the spread of the disease. We analyse the actions taken by countries around the world and show that when governments employ strict measures early, particularly those that enforce social distancing and include widespread testing and comprehensive contact tracing, they are more likely to experience better outcomes. Recommendations for how countries should respond in future pandemics are detailed. Collapse

Topics: digital dashboard analytical information system pandemic data visualization systems development

Methods: survey longitudinal research sensitivity analysis machine learning

Theories: multi-attribute utility theory

Detection of Sentiment Provoking Events in Social Media

2019 | HICSS | Citations: 1

Authors: Daou, Hoda

Abstract: Social media has become one of the main sources of news and events due to its ab ... Expand

Abstract: Social media has become one of the main sources of news and events due to its ability to disseminate and propagate information very fast and to a large population. Social media platforms are widely accessible to the population making it difficult to extract relevant information from the huge amount of posted data. In our study, we propose an algorithm that automatically detects events using strong sentiment classification and appropriate clustering techniques. We focus our study on a specific type of events that triggers strong sentiment among the public. Results show that the suggested methodology is able to identify important events, such as a mass shooting and plane crash, using a generalized and simple approach. Collapse

Topics: Twitter social media fake news blog criminality

Methods: computational algorithm descriptive statistic support vector machine cluster analysis classification method

How Do Cubans Use Internet? The Effects of Capital

2019 | HICSS | Citations: 0

Authors: Deng, Xuefei (Nancy); Camacho, Armando; Press, Larry

Abstract: We conducted an exploratory study to understand Cuban Internet use from individu ... Expand

Abstract: We conducted an exploratory study to understand Cuban Internet use from individual viewpoint. Drawing upon Bourdieu’s Capital Theory, this study seeks to understand forms of capital that affect Cubans’ Internet access and use. We collected data from online survey posted on a Cuban blogging site and analyzed the narratives of 82 Cuban citizens who shared their Internet use experience. Our data analysis shows that economic and cultural capital are the key factors influencing Cuban’s Global Internet and domestic Intranet access, which in turn influenced the development of their social and technical capital. Moreover, our analysis reveals Cuban’s value in Internet access for communication and knowledge acquisition, and reveals their improvisation behaviors when they experienced access barriers. Suggestions for future research on Cuban Internet use are discussed. Collapse

Topics: internet technology intranet information system use knowledge acquisition social capital

Methods: survey chi squared test personal interview qualitative coding

Information technologies and democracy in a closed society

2019 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Rico, Jobany; Cousins, Karlene

Abstract: IS research has a lot to say about how information and communication technologi ... Expand

Abstract: IS research has a lot to say about how information and communication technologies (ICT) can support democracy in closed societies, i.e., those ruled by undemocratic regimes. Evidence suggests that technologies indeed facilitate the creation of non-standard communication networks that connect citizens and allow them to share information and participate in activities that foster democracy. Because these action networks are an ensemble of technical artifacts and social mechanisms (e.g., contextual conditions and historical events), IS research can offer an insightful perspective on how to untangle the sociomaterial practices that bring about social outcomes in this phenomenon. This research uses closed societies as a reference and aims at explaining how censorship-resistant communication networks emerge as different social actors actualize the affordances of different IT artifacts. An interpretivist case study about 14ymedio, the first independent digital media in Cuba, is proposed as the method to answer our research question. Collapse

Topics: information system use user experience digital media internet technology affordance

Methods: case study qualitative interview personal interview grounded theory design artifact

Theories: theory of affordance

The Digital Divide in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Multivariate and Geospatial Analysis

2017 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Pick, James B; Sarkar, Avijit; Parrish, Elizabeth

Abstract: This paper is the first systematic attempt to examine spatial patterns of techno ... Expand

Abstract: This paper is the first systematic attempt to examine spatial patterns of technology adoption and utilization and understand underlying reasons for the digital divide in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Disparities in adoption, diffusion, and utilization in information and communications technologies in 37 LAC countries are examined and explained. Using a Spatially Aware Technology Utilization Model, seventeen independent socio-economic, innovation, business efficiency, infrastructural, affordability, and societal openness indicators are posited to be associated with seven dependent ICT indicators. English as a primary language, human development, and civil liberties are found to influence ICT adoption and use in Latin America and the Caribbean indicating socio-economic, language, and societal openness dimensions of the digital divide in this world region. For a smaller sub-sample of Latin American nations, regression findings point to urbanization, social, economic, and political implications. Issues stemming from spatial bias in confirmatory analysis are diagnosed, and policies are recommended. Collapse

Topics: information system use innovation management technology adoption internet technology Facebook

Methods: conceptual modelling cluster analysis descriptive statistic ordinary least square correlation analysis

Mobile Technologies and the Extended Self in Developing Countries

2015 | Americas Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Odonkor, Evelyn; Pallud, Jessie

Abstract: The Mobile Revolution that has taken place in several developing countries has m ... Expand

Abstract: The Mobile Revolution that has taken place in several developing countries has made mobile phones and smartphones central technologies all around the world. Nonetheless, how these technologies are disrupting inhabitants’ communications, their social ties, work practices, or even their own identity is still not yet fully understood. Very few studies have tried to understand the values given to mobile technologies and the roles of these digital possessions in people’s lives. Relying on the theory of the Extended Self (Belk 1988) and the Extended Self in the digital world (Belk, 2013), we develop a research model with nine hypotheses that will be tested in two developing countries, namely Cuba and Ghana. Collapse

Examining Question-Answering Technology from the Task Technology Fit Perspective

2012 | Communications of the Association for Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Robles-Flores, José Antonio; Roussinov, Dmitri

Abstract: The World Wide Web has become a vital supplier of information for organizations ... Expand

Abstract: The World Wide Web has become a vital supplier of information for organizations in order to carry on such tasks as business intelligence, security monitoring, and risk assessments. By utilizing the task-technology fit (TTF) theory, we investigate the issue of when open-domain question-answering (QA) technology would potentially be superior to general-purpose Web search engines. Specifically, we argue theoretically and back up our arguments with a user study that the presence of fusion (information synthesis) is crucial to warrant the use of QA. At the same time, many information seeking tasks do not require fusion and, thus, are adequately served by traditional keyword search portals (Google, MSN, Yahoo, etc.). This explains why prior attempts to demonstrate the value of QA empirically were unsuccessful. We also discuss methodological challenges to any empirical investigation of QA and present several solutions to those challenges, validated with our user study. In order to carry our study, we created a novel prototype by following the Design Science guidelines. Our prototype is the first of its kind and is capable of answering list questions, such as What companies own low orbit satellites? or In which cities have illegal methylmethionine labs been found? This investigation is only a precursor to a full-scale empirical study, but it serves as a medium to overview the state of the art QA technologies and to introduce important theoretical and empirical concepts involved. Although we did not find empirical evidence that one technology is uniformly better than the other, we discovered that once the user accumulates experience using QA, he/she can make an intelligent decision whether to use it for a particular task, which leads to the user to be more productive on average with the same tasks compared to when there is no choice of technology. Collapse

Topics: Google+ web search engine user requirement user satisfaction information retrieval system

Methods: design artifact experiment computational algorithm question answering survey

Theories: theory of task technology fit

IT Readiness, ICT Usage, and National Sustainability Development: Testing the Source-Position-Performance Framework

2011 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Krishnan, Satish; Teo, Thompson; Nishant, Rohit

Abstract: Utilizing the Source-Position-Performance (SPP) framework of competitive advanta ... Expand

Abstract: Utilizing the Source-Position-Performance (SPP) framework of competitive advantage and the literature on information technology (IT) and sustainability as the guiding theoretical lenses, we posit that the government and business IT readiness (i.e., sources of advantage) leads to differentiation in government and business ICT usage (i.e., positional advantage), which in turn affects the national sustainability (i.e., performance) in terms of economic, environmental, and social developments. Based on secondary data from 108 countries, our results generally supported the hypothesized model. Specifically, government and business IT readiness in a country appeared to be a significant enabler of government and business ICT usage respectively, which in turn led to enhancement of national sustainability development. Post hoc mediation analysis indicates that government ICT usage (1) fully mediated the effect of government IT readiness on environmental and social developments; and (2) partially mediated the effect of government IT readiness on economic development. On the other hand, business ICT usage (1) fully mediated the effect of business IT readiness on economic development; (2) did not mediate the effect of business IT readiness on environmental development; and (3) partially mediated the effect of business IT readiness on social development. Our findings contribute to the theoretical discourse on “IT and sustainability” by identifying the role of IT readiness among government and businesses in a country and provide indications to practice on enhancing its sustainability by increasing the levels of ICT usage among them. Collapse

Topics: information system use enterprise information system government system competitive advantage technology diffusion

Methods: partial least squares regression survey SEM tool archival research theory development

Theories: theory of economic development

Moderating Effects of Environmental Factors on E-Government, E-Business, and Environmental Sustainability

2011 | International Conference on Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Krishnan, Satish; Teo, Thompson

Abstract: Utilizing the resource complementarity perspective of the resource based view (R ... Expand

Abstract: Utilizing the resource complementarity perspective of the resource based view (RBV) of a firm, and the literature on information technology (IT) and environmental sustainability as the guiding theoretical lenses, we posit that the relationships of electronic-government (e-government) development and electronic-business (ebusiness) development in a country with its environmental sustainability are contingent on national environmental factors (i.e., complementary assets): (1) human capital; (2) public institutions; (3) macro-economic stability; and (4) gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. Based on publicly available archival data from 122 countries, results showed that both e-government development and e-business development had no direct effect on environmental sustainability. However, e-government development and e-business development interacted with other variables to affect environmental sustainability. Specifically, while human capital and public institutions positively moderated the relationship of e-government development with environmental sustainability, the relationship of e-business development with environmental sustainability was contingent on them in the negative direction. Also, while macro-economic stability positively moderated the relationship of e-government development with environmental sustainability, the relationship of e-business development with environmental sustainability was not contingent on it. Finally, the relationships of e-government development and e-business development with environmental sustainability were contingent on GDP per capita in the negative direction. Our findings contribute to the theoretical discourse on the resource complementarity perspective by identifying the roles of national complementary assets and provide indications to practice on improvements in environmental sustainability by effectively managing those assets. Collapse

Topics: environmental sustainability government system electronic business human resource management digital innovation

Methods: survey archival research longitudinal research statistical power analysis regression analysis method

Theories: theory of economic development theory of economic growth economic theory resource based view of the firm