Who I Am and How I Contract: The Effect of Contractors’ Roles on the Evolution of Contract Structure in University–Industry Research Agreements

2014 | Organization Science | Citations: 0

Authors: Bercovitz, Janet E. L.; Tyler, Beverly B.

Abstract: In this exploratory study of university–industry sponsored research agreements, ... Expand

Abstract: In this exploratory study of university–industry sponsored research agreements, we investigate how organizational roles direct the relational learning of contracting personnel, which subsequently influences contract evolution. Integrating theory with comments from field interviews, we posit that as scientists gain contracting experience with an exchange partner their focus of attention on knowledge creation supports the establishment of a relationship based on technical competence, behavioral experience, and operational routines that cause the enforcement terms of subsequent contracts to become less detailed. We also submit that contract administrators, because of their focus on knowledge protection (mitigating opportunism and enforcement), primarily accumulate joint governance experience and establish administrative routines that cause the enforcement terms of subsequent contracts to become more detailed. Rich content analysis of monitoring and intellectual property terms of sponsored research agreements supports our theoretically grounded hypotheses. Collapse

Topics: intellectual property knowledge creation innovation management interorganizational relationship intrinsic motivation

Methods: qualitative interview descriptive statistic robustness check qualitative content analysis statistical hypothesis test

Theories: behavioral theory transaction cost economics

Web 2.0 Environmental Scanning and Adaptive Decision Support for Business Mergers and Acquisitions

2012 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 0

Authors: Lau, Raymond Y. K.; Liao, Stephen S. Y.; Wong, K. F.; Chiu, Dickson K. W.

Abstract: Globalization has triggered a rapid increase in cross-border mergers and acquisi ... Expand

Abstract: Globalization has triggered a rapid increase in cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As). However, research shows that only 17 percent of cross-border M&As create shareholder value. One of the main reasons for this poor track record is top management’s lack of attention to nonfinancial aspects (e.g., sociocultural aspects) of M&As. With the rapid growth of Web 2.0 applications, online environmental scanning provides top executives with unprecedented opportunities to tap into collective web intelligence to develop better insights about the sociocultural and political–economic factors that cross-border M&As face. Grounded in Porter’s five forces model, one major contribution of our research is the design of a novel due diligence scorecard model that leverages collective web intelligence to enhance M&A decision making. Another important contribution of our work is the design and development of an adaptive business intelligence (BI) 2.0 system underpinned by an evolutionary learning approach, domain-specific sentiment analysis, and business relation mining to operationalize the aforementioned scorecard model for adaptive M&A decision support. With Chinese companies’ cross-border M&As as the business context, our experimental results confirm that the proposed adaptive BI 2.0 system can significantly aid decision makers under different M&A scenarios. The managerial implication of our findings is that firms can apply the proposed BI 2.0 technology to enhance their strategic decision making, particularly when making cross-border investments in targeted markets for which private information may not be readily available. Collapse

Topics: decision making BASIC decision support usability blog

Methods: experiment sentiment analysis computational algorithm machine learning experimental group

Theories: co-evolution theory

Database structure for a class of multi-period mathematical programming models

2008 | Decision Support Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Dutta, Goutam; Fourer, Robert

Abstract: We describe how a generic multi-period optimization-based decision support syste ... Expand

Abstract: We describe how a generic multi-period optimization-based decision support system can be used for strategic and operational planning in a company whose processes can be described in terms of five fundamental elements: Materials, Facilities, Activities, Times and Storage-Areas. We discuss the issues of interface design, data reporting and updating, and optimal production and profit planning. We also compare the performances of two different types of database structures with respect to optimization. Collapse

Topics: decision support system database system strategic management relational database operating system

Methods: linear optimization optimization model

Codifiability, Relationship-Specific Information Technology Investment, and Optimal Contracting

2003 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Levi, Moti; Kleindorfer, Paul R.; Wu, D.j.

Abstract: The past few years have seen an explosion in the number of e-market-places, incl ... Expand

Abstract: The past few years have seen an explosion in the number of e-market-places, including a variety of electronic exchanges in the B2B arena, but many of these have also collapsed (e.g., Chemdex/Ventro). The question addressed in this paper is what are the underlying factors that affect which transactions are likely to be supportable by B2B exchanges. In particular, we identify and study three factors: supplier management, idiosyncratic investments in information systems, and codifiability (i.e., digitalizability) of product and order-fulfillment specifications underlying transactions. We show that transaction codifiability plays a fundamental role in influencing the nature of sustainable contracting and IT investments in e-markets. Hypotheses are derived from an analytical model of codifiability in e-marketplaces; these hypotheses are supported by several case studies by the authors and others on the key success factors underlying B2B exchanges. Collapse

Topics: business-to-business supply chain management procurement management IT investment electronic market

Methods: case study qualitative interview mathematical model synthesis theory development

Theories: agency theory game theory

Trading Volumes with and Without Private Information: A Study Using Computerized Market Experiments

2000 | Journal of Management Information Systems | Citations: 3

Authors: Tung, Y. Alex; Marsden, James R.

Abstract: Insider trading and asymmetric information have been the subject of a significan ... Expand

Abstract: Insider trading and asymmetric information have been the subject of a significant body of research since the 1960s. Yet little work has been directed at analyzing the impact of different market regulations. Along with difficulties in correctly identifying trades made on inside information, empirical field study methods have not been capable of analyzing the impact of different market regulations. The authors develop a controllable networked market trading environment that incorporates accurate identification of information possessed by each trader studied and that provides the flexibility necessary to analyze market impacts of different regulatory schemes to limit trading on inside information. The authors illustrate their methods through a series of controlled induced-value laboratory experiments using human subjects. Subject rewards are performance-based, with cash incentives tied to the outcomes of each market transaction. Experimental results indicate that markets with inside, privately informed traders led to greater trading volumes than markets with traders having access to private information only. In addition to reporting the results of initial sets of the experiments, the authors use these outcomes to frame future research issues involving the use of IT systems in surveillance and links between trading patterns and insider activity. Collapse

Topics: privacy information system use decision making BASIC

Methods: experiment laboratory experiment field study statistical hypothesis test experimental design

Theories: economic theory

COBOL: Is It Dying — or Thriving?

1999 | ACM SIGMIS Database | Citations: 0

Authors: Glass, Robert L.

Abstract: ... Expand

Abstract: Collapse

Topics: COBOL BASIC Java

An improved neural network for manufacturing cell formation

1997 | Decision Support Systems | Citations: 0

Authors: Chu, Chao-Hsien

Abstract: With structures inspired by the structure of the human brain and nervous system, ... Expand

Abstract: With structures inspired by the structure of the human brain and nervous system, neural networks provide a unique computational architecture for addressing problems that are difficult or impossible to solve with traditional methods. In this paper, an unsupervised neural network model, based upon the interactive activation and competition (IAC) learning paradigm, is proposed as a good alternative decision-support tool to solve the cell-formation problem of cellular manufacturing. The proposed implementation is easy to use and can simultaneously form part families and machine cells, which is very difficult or impossible to achieve by conventional methods. Our computational experience shows that the procedure is fairly efficient and robust, and it can consistently produce good clustering results. Collapse

Topics: BASIC decision support system usability user interface computer hardware

Methods: cluster analysis artificial neural network experiment computational algorithm sensitivity analysis

Neural network system for forecasting method selection

1994 | Decision Support Systems | Citations: 4

Authors: Chu, Chao-Hsien; Widjaja, Djohan

Abstract: Choosing an appropriate forecasting method is a crucial decision for most organi ... Expand

Abstract: Choosing an appropriate forecasting method is a crucial decision for most organizations, as the company's success is highly dependent on the accurate prediction of future. The decision, however, is not easy because many forecasting methods are available and the selection often requires extensive statistical knowledge, and personal judgment. In this paper, we illustrate how can a neural network approach be used to ease this task. We first examine the general technical issues (decisions) involved in designing neural network applications. A backpropagation-based forecasting prototype is then used to demonstrate how these decisions be determined in practice. Collapse

Topics: BASIC user interface usability programming language

Methods: longitudinal research artificial neural network autocorrelation analysis time series analysis design artifact

The IS Expectation Gap: Industry Expectations Versus Academic Preparation

1993 | Management Information Systems Quarterly | Citations: 98

Authors: Trauth, Eileen M.; Farwell, Douglas W.; Lee, Denis

Abstract: Recent changes in information systems technologies, applications, and personnel ... Expand

Abstract: Recent changes in information systems technologies, applications, and personnel require us to reconsider the skills for tomorrow's IS professionals. This study uses data from four groups-IS managers, end-user managers, IS consultants, and IS professors-to identify the key skills and knowledge that will be required of future IS professionals. These requirements were then compared with current IS academic programs. The results reveal that despite a shared vision of the future IS professional, there is an "expectation gap" between industry needs and academic preparation. Industry and universities must work together to close this gap. Universities need to place more emphasis on the integration of technologies, applications, data, and business functions and less on traditional and formal system development. Arms need to send consistent messages to universities about their expectations while recognizing that the mission of university business programs is career education, not job training. Collapse

Topics: IT manager IT workforce Pascal BASIC business process management

Methods: survey focus group qualitative interview